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ESPN's 30 for 30 "LANCE," directed by Marina ZenovichPart 1: 9 p.m. ET Sunday on ESPNPart 2: 9 p.m. ET May 31 on ESPNLive streaming: ESPN+ and ESPN Player (where available)

For perhaps the first time, Lance Armstrong, his family and his former teammates talk candidly about his seven Tour de France victories -- and the events before and after he was exposed in one of the largest doping scandals in sports history.

Which characters in "LANCE" should you know to fully understand the complicated story? We've got you covered:

Perhaps the most infamous of Armstrong's former teammates, Landis was recruited by Armstrong to the U.S. Postal Service team in 2002, and he helped him win three of his seven Tour de France victories. After Armstrong retired, Landis won the Tour in 2006 while competing for a Swiss cycling team named Phonak, then tested positive for testosterone immediately afterward. He served a two-year suspension and was stripped of his title, but when he attempted to return to the sport, Armstrong and others denied him spots on their teams. Landis said he felt betrayed -- as if he had taken the fall for all of them -- and in 2010, sent emails to USA Cycling CEO Steve Johnson and other high-ranking cycling and anti-doping officials, with details on the doping incidences he had seen from Armstrong and other prominent cyclists. This was the beginning of Armstrong's public downfall.

The former soigneur for the USPS team, O'Reilly provided physical therapy, massage therapy and other help for the team. She is widely considered to be the first whistleblower and gave an interview in 2003 to journalist David Walsh, saying that Armstrong asked her to dispose of used syringes and hide needle marks with makeup. Armstrong fought back, suing her for libel and calling her vicious names. Armstrong calls his treatment of her "the worst thing he's ever done" in his life. O'Reilly, for her part, said she has since forgiven Armstrong and considers him a friend again.

Hamilton helped Armstrong win three Tours, then parted ways with the USPS team in 2001 because he wanted a shot to compete on his own. Hamilton describes himself as friends with Armstrong when they were teammates, then no longer friendly once Hamilton left the team. Hamilton said that after he beat Armstrong in a time trial in 2004, Armstrong called the UCI and directed the organization to investigate Hamilton for doping. Hamilton later tested positive for banned substances after winning the 2004 Olympic individual time trial and the Vuelta a Espana, and after serving a two-year suspension, failed another drug test in 2009. He was later stripped of his Olympic gold medal, and he testified on multiple occasions that he had seen Armstrong doping.

Frankie Andreu was team captain of the USPS team from 1998 until 2000. Frankie and his wife, Betsy, testified in 2005 that while Armstrong was receiving cancer treatment in 1996, he told doctors in their presence that he had taken erythropoietin (EPO), testosterone, human growth hormone, steroids and cortisone. They later gave damning affidavits to the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) in 2012 that reiterated that account and included additional detailed incidences of Armstrong doping.

Hincapie competed on the USPS team from 1997 to 2007 and, like Frankie Andreu, admitted to doping and testified against Armstrong in the 2012 USADA decision. Hincapie had tied the record of completed Tours, at 16, before he was retroactively disqualified from the 2004-2006 Tours after the admission. He and Armstrong consider themselves friends today, however.

An Italian cycling coach and doctor, Ferrari was well-known in cycling circles for his doping practices. Armstrong had worked with him periodically for six years when, in 2004, Ferrari was sentenced to a 12-month suspended jail sentence for malpractice. He was later acquitted of the charges, but in 2012 he received a lifetime ban from USADA for doping violations.

A former three-time Tour winner in 1986, 1989 and 1990, LeMond was an inspiration to Armstrong as he switched from competing in triathlons to cycling. After Armstrong's third Tour victory in 2001, LeMond publicly expressed disappointment that Armstrong was working with Dr. Ferrari and famously said, "If Lance is clean, it is the greatest comeback in the history of sport. If he isn't, it would be the greatest fraud." LeMond alleges Armstrong then used his influence with their mutual sponsor, Trek, to ruin LeMond's business. Since Armstrong and Landis have been stripped of their Tour de France titles, LeMond is currently the only American winner of the event.

Once a superstar in his home country of Germany, Ullrich won the 1997 Tour, and then he was the perennial second-place finisher to Armstrong in the early 2000s. At the 2006 Tour after Armstrong retired, Ullrich was considered one of the favorites, until he was implicated in an investigation into blood doping. He was barred from the Tour that year and never raced professionally again. After incidents involving drunk driving, a break-in and assault, in 2018 he was admitted to a psychiatric hospital. Armstrong went to visit him, saying, "I love Jan Ullrich. He was such a special rival to me. He scared me, he motivated me, and truly brought out the best in me."

Armstrong was raised by his mother, Linda Armstrong Kelly, who gave birth to him in 1971 when she was 17. His biological father, Eddie Gunderson, was briefly married to Linda, but it was an abusive relationship and ended when Lance was 2. A year later, Linda married Terry Armstrong, and he formally adopted Lance. The couple later divorced when Lance was 15.

Lance Armstrong married Kristin Richard in 1998, and the couple had three children: Luke, Isabelle and Grace. They divorced in 2003. Armstrong met fiance Anna Hansen in 2008, and the couple have since had two children, Max and Olivia.

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Lance Armstrong documentary -- the characters you'll want to know - ESPN Philippines

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Impact of Covid-19 on Testosterone Replacement Therapy 2020-2027 with Focusing Key players like AbbVie, Endo International, Eli lilly, etc - 3rd Watch...

For a time, Lance Armstrong was a sports legend, an exceptional athlete who beat cancer and went on to win the Tour de France a record seven times.

But Armstrong's story was a myth, his career propped up by illegal drugs and procedures designed to give him an advantage against his competition. While rumors had persisted about Armstrong for years, it was not until 2011 that a 60 Minutes report revealed the extent of Armstrong's doping.

At the time, a federal investigation was looking into Armstrong's use of performance-enhancing drugs. A grand jury had been hearing secret testimony from some of Armstrong's former teammates on the U.S. Postal Service team, including one of his most prominent support riders, Tyler Hamilton.

In a 60 Minutes interview, Hamilton told 60 Minutes correspondent Scott Pelley that Armstrong not only took performance-enhancing drugs, but he also encouraged his team to use them. An excerpt from that report can be seen in the video above.

"He took what we all took, really no difference between Lance Armstrong and I'd say the majority of the peloton, you know," Hamilton said. "There was EPO. There was testosterone. And I did see a transfusion, a blood transfusion."

EPO refers to erythropoietin, a banned hormone that regulates red blood cell production. The blood transfusions, also known as "blood doping," was another method some riders used to boost their red blood cells. In blood doping, which is banned by the sport's governing body, a rider gives his own blood, stores it, and then, at a critical point in a race, transfuses the blood back into his body.

Hamilton told Pelley he watched a transfusion going back into Armstrong's blood during the 2000 Tour de France race.

"But I was transfusing blood," Hamilton said. "And my teammate was. And I guarantee you every other team had probably two or three riders that were doing the same thing. I'd bet my life on it."

Armstrong had declined to speak with Pelley. After the report aired, Armstrong's lawyers demanded an on-air apology from 60 Minutes.

"In the cold light of morning, your story was either extraordinarily shoddy, to the point of being reckless and unprofessional, or a vicious hit-and-run job," Armstrong's attorney Elliot Peters wrote. "In either case, a categorical on-air apology is required."

CBS News stood by the report, saying in a statement: "Lance Armstrong and his lawyers were given numerous opportunities to respond to every detail of our reporting for weeks prior to the broadcast and their written responses were fairly and accurately included in the story. Mr. Armstrong still has not addressed charges by teammates Tyler Hamilton and George Hincapie that he used performance enhancing drugs with them."

In January 2013, less than two years after the 60 Minutes report aired, Armstrong admitted to doping during each of his Tour de France wins.

View original post here:
The 60 Minutes report that helped reveal Lance Armstrong doping - CBS News

Inheritingthe adrenal-permissive HSD3B1genotype may be associated with earlier development of castration resistantdisease and shorter overall survival (OS) among white men with low-volumemetastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), according to a newstudy published in JAMA Oncology.1

Thefindings suggest that the HSD3B1genotype can be used to risk stratify white men with low-volume metastatic prostatecancer, investigators concluded.

Ateam led by Nima Sharifi, MD, Director of the Genitourinary MalignanciesResearch Center at the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center in Cleveland examinedwhether the inheritance of the adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) allele is associated with probable worse clinicaloutcomes in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with or withoutdocetaxel for mCSPC. They examined clinical outcomes in a phase 3 clinicaltrial of castration compared with castration plus docetaxel.

Wefound that Caucasian men with low-volume metastatic prostate cancer who inheritthe adrenal-permissive HSD3B1 alleledevelop castration-resistant prostate cancer more rapidly and have shorteroverall survival from the time of castration therapy, with or withoutdocetaxel, said corresponding author.

Ina series of previous studies, investigators found that a more active inheritedversion of the adrenal-permissive HSD3B1 allelewas associated with conversion of adrenal precursor steroids to potentandrogens (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone). For the current study, Dr Sharifiand colleagues looked at 475 genotyped white men with mCSPC treated in theE3805 CHAARTED (Chemohormonal Therapy vs Androgen Ablation Randomized Trial forExtensive Disease in Prostate Cancer) trial.2

While the study showed that the adrenal-permissive genotype was associated with significantly shorter time to castration-resistant disease and significantly lower OS in men with low-volume disease, it did not show any association between genotype and outcomes in men with high-volume disease. E3805 CHAARTED was conducted from July 2006 to December 31, 2012 and included 790 men (of whom 527 had available DNA samples).All men were randomized to castration plus docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for 6 cycles, or castration alone. The mean age was 63 years.

Thecurrent analysis included 475 white men with DNA samples and it showed that 270(56.8%) of them had inherited the adrenal-permissive genotype. Among men withlow-volume disease, freedom from castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) at2 years was reduced in men with the adrenal-permissive genotype compared withthose who had the adrenal-restrictive genotype (51% vs 70.5%). OS at 5 yearsalso was lower among men with the adrenal-permissive genotype (57.5% vs 70.8%).The adrenal-permissive genotype was significantly associated with a nearly1.9-fold increased risk for CRPC and 1.7-fold increased risk for death.

Rightnow, we do not use genetic information to determine the time and type ofhormonal therapy used for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, DrSharifi told Renal & Urology News.Our study, which shows a clear inherited genetic determinant of clinicaloutcomes after castration therapy and has a clearly defined mechanism, is astep toward distinguishing between different types of prostate cancer anddetermining the best treatment for each genetic group.

Themedian follow-up time was 64.4 months for the low-volume group and 42.6 monthsfor the high-volume group. As far as they are aware, the results represent thefirst prospective apparent support of the importance of the HSD3B1 genotype with respect to clinicaloutcomes, and they are concordant with previous retrospective studies, DrSharifi and colleagues noted.

MichaelWhalen, MD, Assistant Professor of Urology at the George Washington UniversitySchool of Medicine and Health Sciences in Washington, DC, said given these new findingsand the fact that an inhibitor of adrenal androgens exists in thearmamentarium, this allele should certainly continue to be examined as part ofthe germline analysis in future prospective clinical trials. Still, based on thepurported mechanism of HSD3B1, hesaid, it would have been interesting and meaningful for the authors of thecurrent study to have reported on the patients circulating levels of adrenalandrogens, DHEA,and androstenedione, or even intratumoral levels of these hormones to assesstheir impact in the tumor microenvironment.

Thefindings of the study dovetail well with the recent National ComprehensiveCancer Network Prostate Cancer Guidelines 2020 to recommend germline testing toall de novo metastatic prostatecancer patients, Dr Whalen said. Although more work has to be done, this iscertainly a step in the right direction toward precision medicine to tailortreatments based on expectations for success as derived by analysis of apatients genetic code.

HeatherH. Cheng, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Genitourinary Medical Oncology at theUniversity of Washington in Seattle, said the new findings will need to beconfirmed in prospective trials with a much more diverse cohort. Given thepreponderance in white men, the study highlights the need for a collectiveeffort in identifying similarly promising findings in diverse populations, DrCheng said. Incorporating the HSD3B1 allele as a stratification factor forlow-volume metastatic prostate cancer in future prospective randomized trialswill be a key step in confirming these findings and in further defining its clinicalutility.

Prostatecancer is complex, and this complexity increases as the disease progresses,observed Maha Hussain, MD, Professor of Medicine in the Division of HematologyOncology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, where she isDirector of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center. While over 90% ofmen will respond to androgen deprivation therapy, we also know that outcomesare variable in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer and that diseaseburden and location clearly matter, Dr Hussain said. In addition, aside fromdisease burden and location it is still unclear what specifically impacts the magnitudeand duration of response, she said.

Theresults from this prospective study are very interesting and certainly providesome insights into the biology [of mCSPC] and why we see variable outcomes evenin patients with low-volume disease, Dr Hussain said. Nevertheless, even though the freedom fromCRPC at 2 years and OS at 5 years was lower in men with low-volume disease withthe adrenal-permissive versus adrenal-restrictive genotype, these differencesdo not justify therapy change at this time outside of clinical trials.

References

See original here:
HSD3B1 Genotype Tied to Worse Outcomes in Low-Volume mCSPC - Renal and Urology News

LL Cool J has argued that he paved the way for a number of modern rappers who approach certain themes, singling out Drake, Fabolous and Jadakiss.

Discussing his 1987 hit I Need Love, one of the first sensitive hip-hop tracks to become a hit, the rapper remembered a lot of friction when the track was released.

Back then, it was really conservative and if the energy wasnt testosterone, like Im punching you in your face, kicking the door down, you dont get a lot of credit, he told Complex.

In hip hop, you only get brownie points for creativity within certain parameters When you try to go outside of that box, if its anything thats not considered 1000% street, [you get] no credit.

Later in the interview, LL said he was glad that it created a genre, before singling out some of the rappers he believes hes inspired.

Going on to address direct comparisons to Drake, LL said: Were very different artists because I have a lot of hard records and Im very diverse, he continued. But in that aspect of my career, it paved the way for guys like that who Im happy for. I like a lot of his music too.

Drake meanwhile, apologised last week for referring to Kylie Jenner as his side-piece in a track hed released a few days earlier.

See more here:
LL Cool J says he paved the way for Drake to rap about his feelings - NME

GettyLance Armstrong admitted to taking EPO and other drugs during his cycling career.

After years of denial, former cyclist Lance Armstrong admitted to doping during a 2013 interview with Oprah. Armstrong admitted to taking EPO, doping his blood and using other banned substances such as testosterone. The former cyclist described taking a cocktail which included EPO, transfusions and testosterone.

I viewed it as very simple, Armstrong explained to Oprah (via BBC transcript). There were things that were oxygen-supplying drugs that were beneficial for cycling. My cocktail was EPO, but not a lot, transfusions and testosterone. I thought, surely Im running low [on testosterone following the cancer battle] but theres no true justification.

EPO refers to Erythropoietin which is naturally produced by the kidney as the Cleveland Clinic detailed.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is produced by the kidney and used to make red blood cells, the organization explained. Erythropoetin-stimulating agents are used often for people with long-term kidney disease and anemia.

Lance Armstrong Oprah Interview: Doping Confession to Winfrey After Years of DenialAfter years of denying doping allegations, the cyclist came clean about performance-enhancing drugs. For more on this story, click here: http://abcnews.go.com/US/lance-armstrong-confesses-doping/story?id=182440032013-01-18T15:43:09Z

The benefits of taking EPO involved the oxygen that is able to go to the users muscles.

An increase in red blood cells improves the amount of oxygen that the blood can carry to the bodys muscles, the World Anti-Doping Agency explained.

The organization also noted that testing measures have been enhanced. The World Anti-Doping Agency admitted that earlier testing that was introduced in 2000 allowed a large number of EPO abusers to escape detection.

The conservative approach used in the initial phase of implementation of the method allowed a large number of EPO abusers to escape detection.

Consistent with the advancing science in anti-doping, work is done on an ongoing basis on all detection methods to refine their sensitivity and the interpretation of results. In the case of EPO, based on expert consensus, new interpretation criteria are introduced as science advances for a more discriminant reading of EPO results.

Effects of erythropoietin on cycling performance of well-trained cyclistsResults from a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Animation by Folkert van Meurs. Read the Article at: http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanhae/article/PIIS2352-3026(17)30105-9/abstract Published: June 29, 20172017-07-17T14:28:27Z

Armstrong discusses his decision to dope in detail in the new ESPN documentary LANCE. According to Esquire, the former cyclist referred to EPO as a safe drug during one of his extensive interviews in the documentary.

In many waysand this is not going to be a popular answerEPO is a safe drug, Armstrong noted, per Esquire. Assuming certain things, assuming [it is] taken properly, taken under the guidance of a medical professional, taken in conservative amounts There are far worse things you can put in your body.

Armstrong cited a corrupt culture in the sport during his 2013 interview with Oprah where he finally admitted to wrongdoing. The former cyclist implied that he was not alone in cheating when he was racing and admitted he did not think anyone could win without doping.

Not in that generation, and Im not here to talk about others in that generation, Armstrong noted (via BBC). Its been well-documented. I didnt invent the culture, but I didnt try to stop the culture, and thats my mistake, and thats what I have to be sorry for, and thats what something and the sport is now paying the price because of that. So I am sorry for that. I didnt have access to anything else that nobody else did.

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Lance Armstrong Doping: What Kind of Drugs Did He Take? - Heavy.com

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Debi Mazar Channeled Her Entourage Character Whenever Things Got Tough on the Testosterone-Driven Set - KCTV Kansas City

We place unreasonable trust in biological explanations of male behavior. Nowhere is this truer than with testosterone. Contemporary pundits invoke the hormone nicknamed T to prove points about maleness and masculinity, to show how different men and women are, and to explain why some men (presumably those with more T) have greater libidos. Yet, despite the mythic properties popularly associated with T, in every rigorous scientificstudyto date there is no significant correlation in healthy men between levels of T and sexual desire.

Beginning in the 1990s and really picking up steam in the 2000s, sales of testosterone replacement therapies (TRTs) went from practically zero to over $5 billion annually in 2018. This was either because there was a sudden outbreak of Low T when a major medical epidemic was finally recognized, or because T became marketed as a wonder drug for men thrown into a panic when they learned that their T levels declined1 per cent annually after they hit 30.

The answer is not that mens bodies changed or that Low T was horribly underdiagnosed before but that, in the minds of many, T became nothing short of a magic male molecule that could cure men of declining energy and sexual desire as they aged.

Whats more, many have been taught that, if you want to know what causes some men to be aggressive, you just test their T levels, right? Actually, wrong: thesciencedoesnt support this conclusion either. Some of the famous earlystudieslinking T and aggression were conducted on prison populations and were used effectively to prove that higher levels of T were found in some men (read: darker-skinned men), which explained why they were more violent, which explained why they had to be imprisoned in disproportionate numbers. The methodological flaws in these studies took decades to unravel, and new rigorousresearchshowinglittlerelation between T and aggression (except at very high or very low levels) is just now reaching the general public.

Whats more, it turns out that T is not just one thing (a sex hormone) with one purpose (male reproduction). T is also essential in the development of embryos, muscles, female as well as male brains, and red blood cells. Depending on a range of biological, environmental and social factors, its influence is varied or negligible.

Robert Sapolsky, a neuroscientist at Stanford University in California,compileda table showing that there were only 24 scientific articles on T and aggression 1970-80, but there were more than 1,000 in the decade of the 2010s. New discoveries about aggression and T? No, actually, although there were newfindingsin this period showing the importance of T in promotingovulation. There is also a difference between correlation and cause (T levels and aggression, for example, provide a classic chicken-egg challenge). As leading experts on hormones have shown us for years, for the vast majority of men, its impossible to predict who will be aggressive based on their T level, just as if you find an aggressive man (or woman, for that matter), you cant predict their T level.

Testosterone is a molecule that wasmislabeledalmost 100 years ago as a sex hormone, because (some things never change) scientists were looking for definitive biological differences between men and women, and T was supposed to unlock the mysteries of innate masculinity. T is important for mens brains, biceps and that other word for testicles, and it is essential to female bodies. And, for the record, (T level) size doesnt necessarily mean anything:sometimes, the mere presence of T is more important than the quantity of the hormone. Sort of like starting a car, you just need fuel, whether its two gallons or 200. T doesnt always create differences between men and women, or between men. To top it all off, there is evenevidencethat men who report changes after taking T supplements are just as likely reporting placebo effects as anything else.

Still, we continue to imbue T with supernatural powers. In 2018, a US Supreme Court seat hung in the balance. The issues at the confirmation hearings came to focus on male sexual violence against women. Thorough description and analysis were needed. Writers pro and con casually dropped in the T-word to describe, denounce or defend the past behaviour of Justice Brett Kavanaugh: one commentator inForbeswrote about testosterone-induced gang rapes; another, interviewed on CNN, asked: But were talking about a 17-year-old boy in high school with testosterone running high. Tell me, what boy hasnt done this in high school?; and a third, in a column inTheNew York Times, wrote: Thats him riding a wave of testosterone and booze

And it is unlikely that many readers questioned the hormonal logic of Christine Lagarde, then chair of the International Monetary Fund, when she asserted that the economic collapse in 2008 was due in part to too many males in charge of the financial sector: I honestly think that there should never be too much testosterone in one room.

You can find T employed as a biomarker to explain (and sometimes excuse) male behavior in articles and speeches every day. Poetic license, one might say. Just a punchy way to talk about leaving males in charge. Yet when we raise T as significant in any way to explain male behavior, we can inadvertently excuse male behavior as somehow beyond the ability of actual men to control. Casual appeals to biological masculinity imply that patriarchal relationships are rooted in nature.

When we normalize the idea that T runs through all high-school boys, and that this explains why rape occurs, we have crossed from euphemism to offering men impunity to sexually assault women by offering them the defense not guilty, by reason of hormones.

Invoking mens biology to explain their behavior too often ends up absolving their actions. When we bandy about terms such as T or Y chromosomes, it helps to spread the idea that men are controlled by their bodies. Thinking that hormones and genes can explain why boys will be boys lets men off the hook for all manner of sins. If you believe that T says something meaningful about how men act and think, youre fooling yourself. Men behave the way they do because culture allows it, not because biology requires it.

No one could seriously argue that biology is solely responsible for determining what it means to be a man. But words such as testosterone and Y chromosomes slip into our descriptions of mens activities, as if they explain more than they actually do. T doesnt govern mens aggression and sexuality. And its a shame we dont hear as much about theresearchshowing that higher levels of T in men just as easily correlate with generosity as with aggression. But generosity is less a stereotypically male virtue, and this would spoil the story about mens inherent aggressiveness, especially manly mens aggressiveness. And this has a profound impact on what men and women think about mens natural inclinations.

We need to keep talking about toxic masculinity and the patriarchy. Theyre real and theyre pernicious. And we also need new ways of talking about men, maleness and masculinity that get us out of the trap of thinking that mens biology is their destiny. As it turns out, when we sift through the placebo effects and biobabble, T is not a magic male molecule at all but rather as the researchers Rebecca Jordan-Young and Katrina Karkazis argue in theirbookTestosterone(2019) asocialmolecule.

Regardless of what you call it, testosterone is too often used as an excuse for letting men off the hook and justifying male privilege.

Matthew Gutmannis professor of anthropology and faculty fellow at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs at Brown University. His latest book isAre Men Animals? How Modern Masculinity Sells Men Short (2019). Follow him on Twitter @MCGutmann

A version of this article was originally published at Aeon and has been republished here with permission. Follow the site on Twitter @aeonmag

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Viewpoint: Time to stop thinking of testosterone as a 'magic male molecule' - Genetic Literacy Project

RALEIGH, N.C., May 21, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Marius Pharmaceuticals announced today that the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has issued two key patents related to its lead asset, Kyzatrex*. Kyzatrex is an oral Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) that uses an innovative formulation to improve effectiveness and safety.

These allowed claims will provide strong IP protection to December 2030, over 8 years of potential commercial runway. They supplement Marius Pharmaceuticals already robust global patent portfolio for Kyzatrex, which includes granted patents in the European Union, Canada, China, Taiwan, Japan, New Zealand and other key markets, and pending applications in India, and US. Marius Pharmaceuticals patent portfolio includes filings that extend protection to 2033, with the potential to extend protection out to 2040.

The allowed claims protect Kyzatrex, an innovative formulation designed to increase bioavailability and provide a favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) profile compared to other therapeutic alternatives. Om Dhingra, Chief Executive Officer of Marius commented This innovation is truly exceptional as we have created a formulation with a unique PK profile which we believe drives important clinical significance.

Marius Pharmaceuticals Chief Financial Officer Shalin Shah said We are very pleased to strengthen the intellectual property portfolio for Kyzatrex and excited that it has tremendous potential to be differentiated and unique option in the TRT space. We are also drawing a line in the sand between a new treatment paradigm and old testosterone therapies.

Marius Pharmaceuticals has recently completed its pivotal Phase 3 study for Kyzatrex and intends to submit its New Drug Application (NDA) to the Food & Drug Administration (FDA).

About Kyzatrex

Kyzatrex is an experimental therapy for the treatment of primary and secondary hypogonadism (congenital or acquired). Testosterone is a crucial hormone that plays key roles in human growth and development and a wide range of other functions including metabolic and cardiovascular. Sources estimate that 15 million men in the United States suffer from hypogonadism, but only approximately 10% are currently treated. The co-morbidities of men suffering from hypogonadism are also a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system, these include Type 2 Diabetes and other serious chronic conditions.

Current marketed treatments are dominated by painful injections and messy topical applications with transference risk. Kyzatrex is an orally administered therapy, which avoids those drawbacks. Market research points to 93% of patients indicating they would ask their physician about Kyzatrex and more than half would consider a switch from their current regimen.

About Marius Pharmaceuticals

Marius pharmaceuticals is a cutting-edge biopharma company focusing on treating widespread conditions that have been triggered primarily through Androgen deficiency. Our pipeline consists of assets focused on inflammation while our commercial arm is at the forefront of data science technologies core to our commercialization of our lead asset Kyzatrex.

*Kyzatrex is a tentative Tradename currently under review with the FDA

For more information, contact:Shalin Shahshalin@mariuspharma.comwww.mariuspharma.com

Read the original post:
Marius Pharmaceuticals Announces Issuance of Two Key Patents Protecting its Proprietary Oral Testosterone Therapy - GlobeNewswire

To the Editor:

Re Why Are Nations Led by Women Doing Better?, by Amanda Taub (The Interpreter, May 16):

I am glad to see female heads of state getting well-deserved attention for their remarkably successful leadership during the pandemic, but I was disappointed that the womens leadership was characterized as cautious and risk averse in contrast to more aggressive and forward leadership attributed to males. You have it backward.

When others took a cautious wait-and-see stance, women took swift, decisive action to fight the pandemic. They led their countries to go hard, go early, in the powerful phrasing of Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern of New Zealand.

They established aggressive national testing and tracing programs. They communicated forcefully and clearly. And they did all of this at great political risk. Imagine how they would have been pilloried if these costly interventions had been no more successful than the laissez-faire approach of some of their male counterparts.

We must stop stereotyping womens leadership as passive and tentative. In this instance, it was men like Boris Johnson, Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro whose leadership was passive, weak or absent.

Monique VanLandinghamSomerset, Va.

To the Editor:

Amanda Taubs article exploring the reasons female leaders are getting better results with the coronavirus pandemic reminded me of what my husband learned when he took his first avalanche safety class: Youre much less likely to die in the backcountry if theres a woman in your group.

Whether its biological (testosterone triggers poorly thought-out decisions that result in death) or social conditioning (men have competitive hubris, women are more comfortable asserting safety concerns), the statistics prove it.

As pointed out in Calamity Lesson, a Jan. 5 article about avalanche fatalities in The New York Times Magazine, All-female groups make better decisions in risky situations than all-male groups or mixed-gender groups.

Given this, and now that weve all seen with our own eyes how testosterone doesnt preclude irrational mood swings and emotional outbursts, I think our country is readier than ever for the steady hand of a reasoned, experienced and capable female vice president. Bring her on. Please.

Madeleine BerensonAvon, Colo.The writer is a ski instructor.

To the Editor:

Amanda Taubs article about the success of women-led countries dealing with Covid-19 leaves out one important factor. The fact that a country elects a woman as its leader speaks to the sensibilities of its people. Draw your own conclusions.

Read this article:
Women in Charge: Success Against the Coronavirus - The New York Times

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