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One of the most frequent questions that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ask is: what should I eat?

It is clear that in addition to genetic factors, certain environmental factors, including diet, may trigger the excessive immune activity that leads to intestinal inflammation in IBD, which includes both Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the limited number and high variability of studies have made it difficult to confidently advise patients regarding which specific foods might be harmful and which are safe or may actually provide a protective benefit.

To help patients and providers navigate these nutritional questions, the International Organization of IBD (IOIBD) recently reviewed the best current evidence to develop expert recommendations regarding dietary measures that might help to control and prevent relapse of IBD. In particular, the group focused on the dietary components and additives that they felt were the most important to consider because they comprise a large proportion of the diets that IBD patients may follow.

The IOIBD guidelines include the following recommendations:

The group also identified areas where there was insufficient evidence to come to a conclusion, highlighting the critical need for further studies. Foods for which there was insufficient evidence to generate a recommendation for both UC and Crohns disease included refined sugars and carbohydrates, wheat/gluten, poultry, pasteurized dairy products, and alcoholic beverages.

The recommendations were developed with the aim of reducing symptoms and inflammation. The ways in which altering the intake of particular foods may trigger or reduce inflammation are quite diverse, and the mechanisms are better understood for certain foods than others.

For example, fruits and vegetables are generally higher in fiber, which is fermented by bacterial enzymes within the colon. This fermentation produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that provide beneficial effects to the cells lining the colon. Patients with active IBD have been observed to have decreased SCFAs, so increasing the intake of plant-based fiber may work, in part, by boosting the production of SCFAs.

However, it is important to note disease-specific considerations that might be relevant to your particular situation. For example, about one-third of Crohns disease patients will develop an area of intestinal narrowing, called a stricture, within the first 10 years of diagnosis. Insoluble fiber can worsen symptoms and, in some cases, lead to intestinal blockage if a stricture is present. So, while increasing consumption of fruits and vegetable is generally beneficial for Crohns disease, patients with a stricture should limit their intake of insoluble fiber.

A number of specific diets have been explored for IBD, including the Mediterranean diet, specific carbohydrate diet, Crohns disease exclusion diet, autoimmune protocol diet, and a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs).

Although the IOIBD group initially set out to evaluate some of these diets, they did not find enough high-quality trials that specifically studied them. Therefore, they limited their recommendations to individual dietary components. Stronger recommendations may be possible once additional trials of these dietary patterns become available. For the time being, we generally encourage our patients to monitor for correlations of specific foods to their symptoms. In some cases, patients may explore some of these specific diets to see if they help.

All patients with IBD should work with their doctor or a nutritionist, who will conduct a nutritional assessment to check for malnutrition and provide advice to correct deficiencies if they are present.

However, the recent guidelines are an excellent starting point for discussions between patients and their doctors about whether specific dietary changes might be helpful in reducing symptoms and risk of relapse of IBD.

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I have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). What should I eat? - Harvard Health Blog - Harvard Health

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We dont often think our diet could have an effect on whether we can conceive, but research shows it does. Good nutrition and a healthy body weight for both partners can have a significant impact on the ability to conceive.

Infertility affects about 9 percent of married women of childbearing age, according to a national survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

To help with fertility, women need to maintain a healthy weight and choose foods that will promote a healthy baby foods that are high in folic acid, iron and calcium. Foods high in folic acid include dark leafy green vegetables, fortified cereals and breads.

Folic acid is needed to prevent neural tube defects. The neural tube develops into the brain and spine three to four weeks after conception, before most women even realize theyre pregnant.

Foods high in iron include red meats, spinach, beans, lentils, fortified cereals, whole grains and enriched long-grain rice. You can enhance iron absorption by adding vitamin C to meals from foods such as strawberries, bell peppers or berries.

And to boost calcium, choose dairy products such as yogurt, milk, cheese and cottage cheese, as well as vegetables such as broccoli and leafy greens.

A woman who is underweight may have irregular menstrual cycles or stop ovulating altogether. In addition, those who participate in high-intensity exercise (like gymnastics or dancing), or those who have an eating disorder or follow highly restrictive diets, may be at an increased risk for reduced fertility.

A healthy weight is important for men as well because male obesity may alter hormone levels and lead to low sperm count or motility. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends loading up on fruits and vegetables, which contain vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that may help create strong sperm.

Who knew fruits and vegetables were so important to having a healthy baby?

Theres even a fertility diet, published by a team of Harvard researchers in 2007. In the fertility diet study, they found that women with ovulatory infertility who followed the diet had a 66 percent lower risk of ovulatory infertility and a 27 percent reduced risk of infertility from other causes than women who didnt follow the diet.

Women following the fertility diet chose:

Less trans fat and more monounsaturated fat (from foods such as avocados and olive oil)

Less animal protein and more vegetable protein

More high-fiber, low-glycemic carbohydrate-rich foods (including whole grains)

More vegetarian sources of iron and fewer meat sources

Multivitamins

High-fat dairy instead of low-fat dairy

The bottom line? Eating more vegetables and a variety of types, eating healthy monounsaturated fats instead of saturated and trans fats, making at least half your grains whole grains and getting enough calcium-rich foods including dairy will help meet nutrient needs, promote a healthy weight and conceive a healthy baby.

Q: Avocados are high in calories. How can they be good for me?

A: Its true avocados are high in calories due to their fat content, but the fat is considered a good (monounsaturated) fat, like olive oil. More than 75 percent of an avocados fat is unsaturated.

Studies show that replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat while staying within calorie needs is more effective in reducing the risk of heart disease than simply lowering total fat intake.

Fresh avocados are a smart, vegetarian substitute for animal fats in baked goods, sauces, smoothies and salad dressings. Like any fat in your diet, the key is moderation.

Heres a recipe to incorporate avocados healthy fat into your diet. These Chocolate Avocado Energy Bars are a no-bake bar that deliver a boost of energy when you need it.

1 cup pitted dates

1 cup almonds, toasted, slivered

1 ripe, fresh avocado, halved, pitted and peeled

cup coconut, shredded

cup chia seeds

cup unsweetened cocoa powder

cup raw shelled sunflower seeds

Line an 8-by-8-inch baking pan with foil, leaving a 2-inch overhang. Spray with nonstick cooking spray. Process dates, almonds and avocado in a food processor until mixture is finely chopped and sticky. Add coconut, chia seeds and cocoa powder, and pulse until mixture is well combined. Stir in sunflower seeds.

Press mixture into prepared pan, and refrigerate until firm and chilled, at least 2 hours. Cut into 16 bars, and store in refrigerator.

Makes 16 servings (serving size: 1 bar)

Per serving: 140 calories; 4 grams protein; 14 grams carbohydrates; 9 grams fat (2 grams saturated); 5 grams fiber; 0 milligrams sodium

Charlyn Fargo Ware is a registered dietitian at Hy-Vee in Springfield, Ill., and the media representative for the Illinois Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Contact her at [emailprotected], or follow her on Twitter: @NutritionRd, or click here for additional columns. The opinions expressed are her own.

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Charlyn Fargo Ware: Fertility and Your Diet Are More Linked Than You Think - Noozhawk

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Sports

Lorena Torres, performance director for the Philadelphia 76ers, shares how shes making sure the team is supported at home.

Sixers performance director Lorena Torres in the weight room with Ben Simmons before the coronavirus pandemic. / Photograph by 76ers photographer Alex Subers.

Over two months ago, the NBA announced it would be suspending the remainder of the season due to the coronavirus pandemic. The decision came minutes after the Sixers beat the Pistons at home, leaving players, staff, and fans wondering when or if games would ever resume.

Since the hiatus, Sixers players and staff have pivoted their in-person operations, so that the team could continue working out and eating well in the comforts of their own homes. To find out how exactly the Sixers have adjusted their fitness and nutrition routines, we chatted with Lorena Torres, the teams performance director, about keeping the players healthy amid a suspended season. Shes also tweeting out exercise training plans, so if youre looking to work out like the Sixers, head to her Twitter.

Philadelphia magazine: In a pre-COVID world, what did your typical day look like?Torres: My role involves overseeing everything related to performance that isnt basketball itself: running both our strength and conditioning program and our sports science program, balancing players intensity and recovery loads, tracking their nutrition, and monitoring their mental health.

Because my job is very player-centered, I spend a lot of time with the guys. If I didnt, I wouldnt know how to best serve their individual needs or build trust. With that said, I typically spent my days [prior to the suspended season] supervising players in the weight room and on the court, eating breakfast with the team, meeting with coaches to discuss progress and get feedback.

How did your role change once the pandemic hit?When the NBA first suspended the season, my main role was to support the organization in every way I could. The focus shifted from having a successful season to supporting the health and safety of the team.

The night of the announcement, I was drafting up individualized workout plans for each player, making sure theyd have their supplements, working to get them at-home gym equipment, and coordinating meal planning with our team executive chef, JaeHee Cho. Basically, I was making sure the team had everything they needed regarding fitness and nutrition while at home.

Watch 76ers Executive Chef JaeHee Cho teach you how to whip up a French omelette here:

So what kind of nutritional guidance are they following?Weve provided individualized nutritional guidelines and support for all of our players, whether theyve remained in the Philadelphia area or returned to their homes across the country. Across the board, they are all eating a diet thats rich in vitamins and nutrients, low in sugar and includes a combination of protein and healthy carbohydrates. For those who remain in market, we offer a service that delivers balanced meals prepared by our team kitchen staff.

We have some players who are vegetarians, others with allergies, so each meal plan is adapted to make sure they are getting what their bodies need. For those out of market, we give them general recommendations for calorie intake and the type of foods they should be eating. And something often overlooked that is so important is hydration. When theyre training they must be consuming even more water to recover and stay hydrated.

Torres with Matisse Thybulle before the coronavirus pandemic. / Photograph by 76ers photographer Alex Subers.

What do the players at-home workouts look like?Our goal has been to provide our players with as many resources as possible to train in these unique circumstances. This includes providing players with both strength and cardio equipment, as well as workouts they can do in their homes. Its important to remember that each workout is personalized to fit the individual needs of our athletes, and some plays prefer stationary bikes, others like ellipticals or step machines.

In general, though, their daily workouts include a combination of cardio and strength training. We also recognize that this situation has required all of us to make substantial changes to our lives, so weve also encouraged players to include meditation and yoga to prioritize their mental health, too.

What do you imagine the first day back to basketball will look like?Everything is so uncertain in the world right now, and we are constantly asking, When are we coming back? and Who is going to be allowed to play? [Despite the unknowns,] the health and safety of our players and staff will remain paramount as we move forward. Im in daily communication with my staff and we are scenario planning for what a safe return to play may look like. Its truly a collaborative effort between the coaches, trainers, medical staff, front office, and the NBA.

When we do return, the first thing we will do is assess the players with technology to see where their bodies are physically and then well go from there. Theyve been at home for a long period of time, and were just making sure that when they come back, the players are protected and progressing safely, and that were supporting their long-term health and wellness.

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How the Sixers Are Staying Fit and Eating Healthy at Home Right Now - Philadelphia magazine

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The Windows XP aesthetic will forever have a spot in my heart. It might not have the rugged charm or cult following of its predecessor Windows 98, but that corny green hill with bright blue sky, paired with the systems rounded corners and vivid color scheme, brings back fond memories of my very first PC and thats priceless to me.

Thats why I was delighted to discover XP.css a design system that makes it easy to create XP-inspired user interfaces. XP.css was inspired by 98.css, another CSS library which helps you design UIs in the likeness of Windows 98.

The library comes with several pre-styled elements, including buttons, windows, checkboxes, sliders, tabs, and dropdown menus.

Its also got a command prompt template, which Im a huge fan of:

Just like 98.css, XP.css relies onsemantic HTML and doesnt contain any JavaScript, which means you can easily apply it to a variety of frontend projects. It simply styles your HTML with a bit of CSS.

The best thing about this project is that its MIT licensed, which should give you enough freedom to override the styles and adjust them to your needs.

Those curious to check out the code behind XP.css can head to this GitHub repo.

Read next: Heres how public transport in European cities must adapt to the new normal

Read our daily coverage on how the tech industry is responding to the coronavirus and subscribe to our weekly newsletter Coronavirus in Context.

For tips and tricks on working remotely, check out our Growth Quarters articles here or follow us on Twitter.

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Eat a balanced diet to maintain consistency in healthy eating

Starting to eat healthy is not as difficult is maintaining consistency in following it. Cravings, mood swings, hormonal imbalance, stress and fatigue can all make it difficult for you to stay consistent in a diet. And this is a major hurdle that people face when being on a weight loss or fitness regime. In this article, nutritionist Vandita Jain talks about tips and tricks that can help people maintain consistency eating healthy. According to Jain, it requires one to stay hydrated, practice moderation and have diversity in diet.

1. Know your body: Try to understand how it works, don't let it crave asthis would only slow down the metabolic processes of the body and would harm the reactions occurring in the system. Long gaps between your mealsand extreme fasting can really be harmful and affect you psychologically.

2. Respect your body: Food aversions, dislikes and likes are common for one and all; we are fortunate to have so many food options available to choose from; don't eat a specific food in compulsion if you don't like it; it would compress the body's internal system and would confuse the body. Eat happily and choose healthy.

Also read:Exercise At Home: Follow These Workout Tips To Maximise Results

3. Moderation is the key: A balanced diet is technically a combination of all food groups in your meal in your whole day. The best advice you can get from your nutritionist or a health care professional is to eat all the food groups in a day except for food allergies and other therapeutic concerns. Don't go off carbs or dairy,if you don't have any specific problem. Stay wise to your body, Eat right.

4. Know your plate:'My plate' is a reminder to find your healthy eating style and build it throughout lifetime. It talks about the right variety of foods in the right proportions whichcan help you be healthier now and in future:

5. Know the mantra: Focus on variety, amount and nutrition. Choose foods, beverages with less saturated fat, sodium and added sugars. Learn to study food labels to understand your food better.

6. Eat five colors a day: Eat a combination of fruits and vegetables. Aim at having five colours on your plate. It is an effective way to meet nutrient requirements of the body.

Include a variety of foods in your dietPhoto Credit: iStock

Also read:Heart-Healthy Foods: Top 5 Summer Fruits You Must Add To Your Diet

7. Go seasonal: Don't go looking for those fancy vegetables and fruits which have been once tagged healthy by a friend. Be practical, eat fruits and vegetables which are available seasonally. Avoid cold storage stored vegetables. Our body also adapts as the environmental conditions change. Nature has already been kind to produce the right crop at the right season. So eat what is available in the season in the market.

8. Hydration: Hydration is the most important factor which is often ignored during the chores of the day. Make sure you have a bottle or a jug filled with waterkept by your side wherever you are working. You can add mint leaves or cucumber to the water container. It can make you feel refreshed and rejuvenated.

Also read:Water: From Preventing Joint Problems To Keeping Obesity Away, Why Being Hydrated Is Important

9. Go natural, avoid artificial supplementations and medicines: Try growing vegetables in your kitchen gardens, go organic and never be dependent on the artificial products until there is a crisis. Your body understands natural products in a better way, so don't overdo it, never self-prescribe the medicines which you actually don't need. Remember the last time you had an instance of an acid reflux, it might be the result of that protein shake which you were dependent on instead of your whole meal.

10. The grocery list: Believe this, it is the most important and simple aspect of maintaining a healthy lifestyle; don't buy unhealthy and then you don't eat unhealthy. Let go off the temptation of buying those calorie dense chocolates and juices; when it won't be available at home, in any case you are not going to eat it and divert.

11. Small frequent meals: Eat small frequent meals to fulfill your satiety levels and to avoid overeating in one meal. It leads to better digestion, better concentration levels and good energy levels besides other advantages. It is must needed if you want to sustain healthy eating habit goals.

Also read:Why You Must Eat After Every 2 Hours: No, It Won't Make You Gain Weight!

12. Don't follow fads: Must have heard about mediterranean diet, DASH diet, paleo diet, GM diet, popcorn diet; with all due respect the benefits from these fad diets are temporary and no long-term goals can be achieved by not following the balanced diet principle.

13. Take care of your bowels: Don't let problem of constipation hamper the consistency of your goals.It can cause irritability and stress; consume lot of fiber in your food.You can havenatural laxatives and herbs like triphla which can effectively help in dealing with constipation.

14. Regular exercise regime and meditation: Changing the mind game is directly related to healthy body and healthy soul. Exercise regularly to restrict the hormonal rushe to quit and indulge. Meditation does result in better understanding of self and hence aids the body processes. Reading motivational quotes right in the morning before starting the day have been proved to be beneficial and help in sticking to the goals.

Be consistence in exercising and being physically activePhoto Credit: iStock

Also read:Watch: Alia Bhatt Is Stronger, Fitter And Better At Performing Burpees! Her Workout Videos Are All The Motivation You Need Today

15. Never overexert: If someday you feel like eating something in particular, do it. 'Once in a while' principle soothes the mind and will help you to stay on track. Try doing new dishes at home like air frying your favourite kebabs ortrying to cook a pizza base with millets instead of refined wheat flour at home? Even amultigrain bread pizza would do the job.

(Vandita Jain is Delhi-based nutritionist and Diabetes educator)

Disclaimer: The opinions expressed within this article are the personal opinions of the author. NDTV is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or validity of any information on this article. All information is provided on an as-is basis. The information, facts or opinions appearing in the article do not reflect the views of NDTV and NDTV does not assume any responsibility or liability for the same.

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15 Tips To Stay Consistent On A Healthy Diet From Nutritionist - NDTV

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Not so long ago, there was an open, healthy dialogue about the way news media worked Hollywood even made movies about it with big stars, Oscar-nominated hits like Broadcast News and Absence of Malice. That was around the time that I was studying to become a journalist, and questions of bias and media ethics were openly, enthusiastically discussed.

It's barely a generation later, and we've evolved with astonishing speed from serious, probing explorations of the news media to casual (and insidious) dismissals of "fake news" an epithet that is no longer the domain of extremist, but is used with alarming frequency by centrist Americans.

There's a suspicion, championed and encouraged by the president himself, that news media are biased, and an assumption that that bias is tilted toward the left. That appears not to be true.

A scene from Broadcast News

An objective analysis of bias in the media shows the reality most mainstream news sources aren't particularly biased, and most do a good job of filtering out their individual perspectives. The problem is that the ones with the biggest audience, the ones that grab the headlines and that get shared on social media, don't have that filter.

Through the late 1990s, there were only a handful of sources for information about what was happening in the world. You could pick up your local newspaper; watch a network newscast; tune in to round-the-clock "headline news" on CNN; or listen to news radio, the primary home of conservative and liberal commentators. In the newspaper or on TV, opinion-driven editorials were clearly labeled as such.

That's not to say there weren't biased sources of information they just weren't considered mainstream "news." This landscape dominated America's information and communication network when I was studying to become a journalist. When I finally became a newspaper reporter, it was only after years of intense training to learn how to write and edit in ways that limited the encroachment of personal thinking into the news.

We were taught how to identify words, phrases, thoughts and ideas that could be misinterpreted as bias and perspective in the news we were covering. When I worked as a city-government reporter, assigned to cover hot-button issues affecting redevelopment of a medium-sized city in Florida, the newspaper I worked for ran a full-page ad in which the publisher endorsed a particular ballot measure. I was incensed; the efforts I had made to be balanced and unbiased about the issue had been undone by the paid endorsement.

Photo by Fred Kearney on

"You can be angry about this," my editor told me. "You should be angry about this. But your job is to report on what happened, not how you feel about it." I was given the task to write, as objectively as I could, about the newspaper's decision to inject itself into local politics. I talked to sources who were shocked and angry about the ad, and I talked to the publisher, who gave me his perspective.

Then we left it for the reader to decide. It was our place to tell readers what had happened, not to decide for them if it was right or wrong.

I've thought about that incident a lot lately, because it's not far off from the challenge the media continue to have: How can you be angry or sad or enthusiastic or excited about the news you see happening, yet report it fairly? How can you keep in mind that there are readers and viewers who don't share your perspectives?

Most news media rise to that challenge a daily basis. But scroll through your social-media feed and it's dominated by CNN, MSNBC, Fox News. These are the equivalent of 24-hour editorial pages, filled with hastily (often angrily) rendered opinions.

Alex Jones of Info Wars

A news diet that consists solely (or mainly) of those outlets is like a nutritional diet that exists only of fats and sugars; it's possible to live on it, but you'll end up desperately sick. And to assume all news outlets exhibit such extreme bias based on watching those news outlets is like assuming all food is unhealthy based on eating at Burger King.

Reporters are human. Because they're human they bring their own perspectives and biases to the work they do. And then, if they're well-trained as journalists, they filter out those biases. They listen. They watch. They observe and report. They question. They analyze and evaluate what is said, and find others who can counter a single voice or perspective.

Theirs is the work that everyone should seek out. "Look for the helpers," Mr. Rogers famously said about dealing with calamity. "You will always find people helping."

When it comes to journalism, look for the fact-tellers. They are at your local newspaper, at your network news affiliate, at news wire services, at network news shows. They are at websites large and small. You can usually tell their work because it is filled with quotes from sources (even anonymous ones, who are never, ever anonymous to the reporter and their editor) and with citations for the information it imparts. Their work will almost always seek multiple perspectives and opposing views. It is information that is carefully gathered and often times hard won by people who are trained to do what they do for a living.

Their facts may or may not be your truth. Whether you like the facts as they are is a different issue altogether. But if you want the best information from which to draw your own conclusions, then do as Mr. Rogers exhorted: Look for the fact-tellers. You will always find them.

J. Joseph Watson is a writer and former journalist, who has worked for daily newspapers in Ohio, Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, California and Oregon. He is a graduate of the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California.

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Yes, news media bias is very real. And it's harder than ever to separate fact from fiction. - GOOD Magazine

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Baby news!Joaquin Phoenix and Rooney Mara are expecting their first baby, and everyone wants to know: Will they raise theirbundle of joy vegan? It seems we will find out soon enough since the couple is rumored to be expecting. Reports say that their first child is duethis fall.

Page Six (our go-to site for celebrity news) reported on Monday thatMara "may be as far as six months along in her pregnancy." Phoenix and Mara went under the radar after awards show season ended and have been rarely spotted during the quarantine.We last saw the couple when Phoenix and Mara showed up at a farm in California and rescued a cow and her newborn calfnamed then Liberty and Indigo, and asked fans to fund them on the occasion of Mother's Day.

The super-privatecouple hasn't confirmed the exciting news, but Mara was seen out and aboutwearing a baggyoutfit that got the rumor mill churning. Twitter fans were immediately piecing together if The Girlwith the Dragon Tattoostar was actually pregnant or just hiding a Quarantine tummy (unlikely). One Twitter commenter said, "Rooney Mara may be pregnant but it may also simply be that she enjoys dressing like a hobo."

Phoenix and Mara started dating in 2018 and shortly after moved in together. Phoenix gushed to Vanity Fairlast Fall, "She's the only girl I ever looked up on the Internet... We were just friends, email friends. I'd never done that. Never looked up a girl online."

The couple is rumored to be engaged and noannouncement has come from their teams, but the engagement seemed to be confirmed after Mara was seen wearing aring on her engagement finger. It seems the couple will stay engaged and aren't rushing down the aisle. A source told Us Weekly, Theyre never going to get married because they think marriage is too mainstream.

Though Phoenix and Mara are known as private people, they have never been shy about their role as animal rights activists.Phoenix has been vegan since he was three-years-old andconsistently is using his platform to encourage people to ditch the dairy and go vegan.Rooney Mara, also a long-time vegan, as is her sister Kate Mara, shook the farming industry after joiningforces with Animal Equalityto expose factory farming.

Together, the couple wrote an op-ed in The Washington Postcritically raising awareness aboutwet markets in Chinaas well as inthe U.S. Phoenix got the nation's attention in his heart-wrenching Oscar acceptance speech where he asked people to consider switching from dairy to plant-based milk in their coffee and understanding the decisions we make as consumers affect the natural and animal world.

After the Oscars, Phoenix and Mara were photographed enjoying a well-deserved break at a plant-based burger joint in a rare moment of pulling the covers back on their relationship.

This past Mother's DayPhoenix and Maraurged people to"adopt the cow and calf" by funding them. We now know that Mother's Day was more special than we thought. The couple may be adopting another calf in honor of new mom, Mara next Mother's Day.

Phoenix and Mara wouldn't be the first to raise their child vegan. LisaBonnet brought up her daughter,Zoe Kravitzon a vegan diet and she stilleats"mostly plant-based." Check out the article below for more plant-based inspiration and to learn how some of your favorite stars liveand eat.

The Beet has also coveredhow to haveahealthy, plant-based pregnancy and raise a child on a vegan diet.

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Joaquin Phoenix and Rooney Mara Expecting Their First Baby - The Beet

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Dr David Glass - MBChB, FCOG (SA)

Last week we gave a brief history lesson describing the origins of the fibre hypothesis as basic to human health. This was based on the research of three icons of medicine in Africa Drs Denis Burkitt, (Uganda), Hugh Trowell (Kenya) and ARP Walker (South Africa). All originated from the UK, but spent many years in Africa as clinicians but also perceptive researchers.

ALSO READ: Turning the Tide: The importance of fibre in your diet

Today we will cover a somewhat controversial subject, leaky gut syndrome, which has a connection to the fibre hypothesis. It has long been propounded by alternative and integrative medicine practitioners, and more recently by functional medicine practitioners. However there are some gastroenterologists who now also recognise the condition, although perhaps would not blame this condition as the cause of as many diseases as the former practitioners would.

In our first article in this series on the GIT, we noted that the intestines are lined with a single layer of cells, spread out across finger-like villi and microvilli to increase the surface area through which nutrients can be absorbed. Just under the surface is an extensive capillary network which provides transport of these absorbed nutrients into the portal system which directs all blood from the intestines into the liver. The liver detoxifies harmful substances, and processes all nutrients into basic chemicals available for bodily functions. It is important for many reasons that this single layer of cells remains intact.

Although the lining of the gut is inside the body, it nevertheless is a vast area exposed to the outside world.

What happens when the integrity of this delicate barrier is breached through holes or tears? It is claimed partially digested foods, bacteria and toxins are allowed to pass directly into the blood stream where they can cause inflammation and chronic illness, including auto-immune diseases. Much of the research on this condition has been done in laboratories as basic science, rather than clinical research. It is still very controversial. Read an overview of the condition from Harvard Health, written by Dr Marcelo Campos HERE

I do believe the most important intervention to ensure a healthy gut comes from providing a healthy diet, which in particular includes fibre-rich plant foods. Other interventions include adequate exercise, control of stress through meditation and spiritual activities, avoidance of alcohol and dietary or environmental toxins.

Unfortunately many of the strong proponents of the leaky gut theory are also pedlars of all manner of supplements and fad diets. Many have blamed gluten or wheat or antibiotics or fruit as the cause.

In a later article we will address the gluten/wheat theory and also discuss the importance of fibre in both gut and general health.

One of the bright lights in the world in gut health is Dr Will Bulsiewicz a doubly qualified specialist physician and gastroenterologist who has written a just released book Fiber Fueled which is getting rave reviews in the lifestyle medicine circles. We will use some of the information from his book in future blogs to give a balanced view on gastrointestinal health.

In the mean time HERE is a really exciting interview with Dr B discussing gut health and Covid-19. It is over an hour long but so full of scientifically sound and rational information, all so very pertinent to our present crisis.

Next week we will introduce the subject of fibre and the microbiome. I wish I could share information directly from Dr Bs book, but we will have to rely on interviews with him for pertinent facts given the fact that access to books from the USA is limited, and it is selling like hot cakes.

Continue your good preventive habits. Until next week. Dave Glass

Dr David Glass MBChB, FCOG (SA)

Dr David Glass graduated from UCT in 1975. He spent the next 12 years working at a mission hospital in Lesotho, where much of his work involved health education and interventions to improve health, aside from the normal busy clinical work of an under-resourced mission hospital.

He returned to UCT in 1990 to specialise in obstetrics/gynaecology and then moved to the South Coast where he had the privilege of, amongst other things, ushering 7000 babies into the world. He no longer delivers babies but is still very clinically active in gynaecology.

An old passion, preventive health care, has now replaced the obstetrics side of his work. He is eager to share insights he has gathered over the years on how to prevent and reverse so many of the modern scourges of lifestyle obesity, diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, high blood pressure, arthritis, common cancers, etc.

He is a family man, with a supportive wife, and two grown children, and four beautiful grandchildren. His hobbies include walking, cycling, vegetable gardening, bird-watching, travelling and writing. He is active in community health outreach and deeply involved in church activities. He enjoys teaching and sharing information.

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Turning the Tide A healthy gut comes from a healthy diet - South Coast Herald

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Its a simple concept. Whip together equal parts water, sugar and instant coffee. Then pour the fluffy, cloud-like foam into a glass of milk and voil!

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Dalgona coffee, aka whipped coffee is having a moment right now, especially because of how insanely easy it is to make. Registered dietitian Maxine Smith, RD, LD, shares how to make this tasty treat while balancing out the sugar and caffeine.

A traditional whipped coffee recipe calls for the following:

Because of the sugar, whipped coffee is a sweet drink. And unfortunately, the two tablespoons of added sugar in the recipe is going to blow most peoples sugar budget for the entire day.

The American Heart Association recommends that women eat no more than 100 calories (6 teaspoons), and that men eat no more than 150 calories (9 teaspoons), of added sugars daily.

If youre trying to steer clear of added sugar, youll need to find a bulky sugar substitute that will still melt together with the instant coffee to create the fluffy texture.

Smith recommends trying:

To cut the calories even more, make the recipe as is, but pour it over unsweetened almond milk or oat milk instead of traditional milk. Youll also decrease the carbs and sugar if you opt for some kind of nut milk instead.

If you like the idea of whipped coffee, but cant get behind the idea of adding more caffeine to your diet, try a decaf instant coffee blend instead. Using two tablespoons of regular instant coffee is the equivalent of drinking two additional cups of coffee.

Most recipes really only work with instant coffee instead of regular ground coffee. Instant coffee gives the components an airy texture when whipped together. If youre feeling inspired to create your own instant coffee, you can try grinding regular coffee grounds into a super fine powder. Youll likely need to run the powder through a coffee grinder a few times before it becomes the consistency of instant coffee.

If youre looking to give your traditional cup of coffee a make over, but trying to control your sugar intake, try adding a dash of cocoa powder, stevia or cinnamon to your drink. Or embrace unsweetened almond milk or unsweetened soy milk as your coffee creamer of choice. You can also add in a drop or two of vanilla extract or blend your coffee with ice and nut milk for a cold brew.

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What Is Whipped Coffee & Can You Make It Healthy? - Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic

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Dates, a symbol of abundance and a rich source of fiber, potassium and calcium, have been the staple food of Ramadan tables ever since Prophet Muhammad advised fellow Muslims to break their fasts with the sacred fruit. Native to the Middle East and tropical and desert climates, dates have many types from sweet and fleshy Safawis and flaky yet chewy Khudris to juicy Medjools aka the "queen of dates," there is a type for everyone out there.

Besides being delicious, dates are truly a remedial reserve, especially when it comes to fasting. Thanks to their high carbohydrate content that packs a lot of energy in such a small volume, they help to quickly renew empty carbohydrate stores, suppress sugar cravings and thus help you control your appetite throughout the day.

High in body-building amino acids, vitamins A, B and C, as well as many minerals such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, zinc, copper and selenium, dates are truly a powerhouse of nutrients. However, they are also mostly made up of simple carbohydrates, mainly glucose and fructose, therefore like all foods, moderation is key when it comes to eating dates. Nutrition and dietetic specialist Demet Cerit of Acbadem Atakent Hospital said excessive consumption of the sweet, syrupy fruit can lead to weight gain and imbalances in blood sugar.

Consuming a portion of dates, which is just two to three pieces, 1-1.5 hours after dinner is fine though, she said but cautioned to watch out for added sugars in the form of glucose syrup, which is used to sweeten and brighten dates.

Bar diabetics and those with insulin resistance, the health benefits of dates far outweigh its naturally high sugar content. Here are a few reasons why we should eat dates regularly, according to Cerit.

Helps you feel full

Dates are fruits rich in soluble dietary fibers, especially pectin. So how does this prolong satiety? Well, these fibers, which attract water, increase the fluidity of stomach content, therefore prolonging the time it spends in the stomach and provides a feeling of fullness, Cerit said. By including food high in fiber, such as dates in your iftars and sahurs and overall diet, as well as support this fiber intake by consuming plenty of water, you will have greater control over your appetite and be fuller for longer, she added.

Supports immunity

Studies show that dates can have a stimulating effect on the immune system. This effect of dates is associated with their beta-glucan content, which is a polysaccharide, the better and more complex type of carbohydrates doctors advise we should consume. In addition, dates also contain high amounts of phenolic compounds and carotenoids (both which have great cancer-fighting properties) as well as vitamins, all of which are thought to play a role in supporting the immune system thanks to their antimicrobial effects and antioxidant properties.

Sugar cravings no more

After prolonged periods of hunger or fasting, our body directs us toward sources with high carbohydrates, namely sweet foods, so that our blood sugar can rapidly return to its normal levels and replace those empty food stores.

However, to prevent weight gain and avoid irregularities related to blood sugar, using the natural sugar content of fruits (instead of artificial sweets) to meet our needs for something sweet. With their distinctive flavor and rich sweetness, dates can be a good choice for all your dessert needs, Cerit said.

Constipation relief

Foods such as dates with high dietary fiber should have an important part in a healthy diet. To keep everything running smoothly, dieticians recommend consuming at least 20 to 30 grams of fiber a day. Studies have shown that upping your dietary fiber intake increases stool volume and shortens its intestinal transit time, thereby helping prevent dreaded constipation. In Ramadan, you might as well take advantage of the rich fiber content of dates to aid digestion and prevent consideration, which is a frequent and unfortunate side effect of reduced food and water consumption during this period.

Good for the heart

Dates are known as an excellent source of potassium, an essential mineral responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. Potassium is involved in ensuring neural conduction, regulating our pulse and blood pressure. Research reveals that a diet rich in potassium helps to lower blood pressure, maintain cardiovascular health and reduces the risk of stroke.

Protect against eye diseases

Dates also contain compounds that help stop age-related eye diseases from developing. Studies have shown that dates are a strong source of zeaxanthin and lutein, which are types of carotenoids present in eye tissue and have antioxidant properties. Therefore, these compounds are thought to be useful in preventing the development of cataract and macular degeneration (macula: the central part of the retina) in elderly individuals.

Nervous system and energy

Dates, which contain moderate levels of B1, vitamin B2 and niacin (B3), as well as vitamin B6, help us meet our daily vitamin B needs. The aforementioned B vitamins are involved in metabolizing carbohydrates, proteins and fats, i.e. getting energy from these nutrients. They also play an important role in the healthy functioning of the nervous system. When you are running low on these vitamins, you will most likely complain about fluctuating and decreased energy levels, weakness, fatigue and concentration problems. This is all the more important when you are fasting when brain fog is a real challenge.

Key for strong bones

When it comes to bone health, the first mineral that comes to mind is calcium. Cerit said calcium absorption is just as important as its intake.

Calcium and phosphorus are two minerals that work together to protect bone health and their absorption increases when taken together. Consuming dates, which contain minerals such as calcium, magnesium and zinc as well as phosphorus, daily helps us improve our bone health and prevent conditions such as osteoporosis, Cerit said.

Fresh or dried, eat year-round

Though the nutritional value of dates depends on their type, whether they are fresh or dried, their degree of maturity and their growing conditions, dates are nutrition superstars. Thanks to their accessibility and long shelf life, they are mostly consumed when ripe and then dried.

Stating that while fresh dates are richer in protein and phenolic compounds, they do slightly lose some antioxidants and have a higher carbohydrate content when ripe and dried, Cerit said they are still highly beneficial for our overall health and the loss is minuscule. So consume this fruit "not only in Ramadan but also year-round, both fresh and dried," she added.

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8 reasons you should be eating dates, the fruit of Ramadan year-round | Daily Sabah - Daily Sabah

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