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Odor experts uncover the smelly chemistry of lemur love – Jill Lopez
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Three chemicals with floral, fruity scents are likely essential ingredients in the natural cologne male ring-tailed lemurs use to attract a mate. Experts in odor communication say these chemicals could be the first fully identified sex pheromones in primates.
During the yearly breeding season, male lemurs rub glands on their wrists against their fluffy tails and then wave their tails at females, a behavior called "stink flirting." Only ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) have these wrist glands and exhibit "stink flirting" behavior. The wrist glands produce a clear liquid, never before examined in detail.
"What made our study different is that we have expertise in chemistry, while most studies of animal communication are done by ecologists," said Professor Kazushige Touhara, an expert studying olfaction, the sense of smell, at the University of Tokyo and leader of the recent research study, published inCurrent Biology.
Recipe for lemur cologne
Researchers collected the clear liquid from males' wrist glands during both the breeding and nonbreeding seasons, then analyzed its chemical components.
The analytical technique gas chromatography-mass spectrometry can identify chemicals based on their electrical charge, molecular weight and other aspects. The research team also benefited from newer technology that can analyze small samples without complicated pretreatment.
Three odor compounds (dodecanal, 12-methyltridecanal and tetradecanal) were more abundant and one (acetamide) was less abundant in the wrist gland liquid collected during the breeding season.
Male lemurs' testosterone levels are naturally higher during the breeding season and at younger ages.
When researchers artificially increased the testosterone of a healthy, young male lemur during the nonbreeding season, the amount of the odor compounds tended to increase, similar to breeding season levels.
"This increase really supports the connection between testosterone and these odor compounds," said Project Assistant Professor Mika Shirasu, a member of the Touhara lab and co-first author of the research publication.
Females' sniff test
Researchers also saved males' breeding season wrist gland secretions to soak in cotton pads and present to females during the nonbreeding season.
"Outside of the breeding season, females had no special interest in any of the male odors we tested," said Shirasu.
To discover if any of the three odor compounds are more important for attracting females' attention, researchers presented females with cotton pads soaked in the individual odor compounds, a blend of the three compounds to mimic normal male breeding season wrist gland secretions, or a neutral control liquid.
When tested in their normal social environment, female lemurs showed no increased interest in any of the three individual male odor compounds. The more natural blend of the three compounds did capture their interest, measured as a longer time spent sniffing that cotton pad.
Although researchers can observe female lemurs' interest, the outcomes of that interest are more complicated to study.
"Curiosity does not necessarily mean sexual attraction. We cannot say for certain yet if a female spending a longer time interested in the scent means that a male will be more successful at mating," said Touhara.
Fragrance for lemurs only
It remains impossible to predict what the three likely lemur sex pheromones might mean for other primates, including humans.
"There are no humans waving tails at each other," said Touhara.
Lemurs are part of a different evolutionary lineage called the wet-nosed strepsirrhines, which have a greater sense of smell than the dry-nosed haplorhine group that includes humans and apes.
"Maybe there are no sex pheromones in humans, but there are probably odors - like parents smelling their baby's heads - that we use to affect each other's emotions," said Touhara.
Researchers cannot yet refer to the odors identified in lemurs as official sex pheromones due to the scientific definition that a pheromone must be used for communication only between members of a single species. The research team hopes that ecologists and zoologists may be able to use these new details about likely sex pheromones to increase understanding of primate behavior.
This research project was conducted over seven years, led by the University of Tokyo in collaboration with partners at Kyoto University, the Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology and the Japan Monkey Centre.
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Odor experts uncover the smelly chemistry of lemur love - Jill Lopez
Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market to Witness Sales Slump in 2020 Due to COVID-19| Long-term Outlook Remains Positive – Daily Science
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Additional segmentation/Market breakdown is possible depending on data availability, feasibility, and timeline, among others. However, a detailed list requirement is to be provided to the researchers before making any final confirmation.
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Read More..Global Testosterone Cypionate Market 2020 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2026 – Germany English News
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Read More..Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market 2020 Regional Analysis, Growth Prospects, Size, Outlook and Forecast 2025 – Galus Australis
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Magnifier Research published a Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market Report 2020, Forecast to 2025 which provides a comprehensive study on the market, comprising a nitty-gritty and fair-minded evaluation of this market. The markets segmentation and the significant market verticals are considered while evaluating its industrial chain, production chain, manufacturing capacity, sales volume, and revenue. The research is a meticulous study of the global Testosterone Replacement Therapy market which portrays each and every detail of the market. It provides an overview of market segmentation such as type, application, and region. It also lists the drivers, limitations, and opportunities available in the market.
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Global Testosterone Replacement Therapy Market 2020 Regional Analysis, Growth Prospects, Size, Outlook and Forecast 2025 - Galus Australis
Which MLB Steroid Users* Deserve to Be in the Baseball Hall of Fame? – Bleacher Report
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As we wrap up Steroid Week at B/R, the only question left is the biggest of them all.
Whether they're currently on the ballot or not, which, if any, "tainted" superstars from Major League Baseball's Steroid Era deserve to be in the Hall of Fame?
Those quotation marks are necessary because there are variations in players' links to performance-enhancing drugs. Whereas some have tested positive or admitted using, others have been tied to PEDs only through the testimony of others. There's also a question of whether some even knew what they were using.
Regardless, we recognize that many hold the position that zero players with ties to PEDs should be allowed into Cooperstown. As Joe Morgan relayed in an open letter in 2017, this is the official position of players who are already in the Hall of Fame:"We hope the day never comes when known steroid users are voted into the Hall of Fame. They cheated. Steroid users don't belong here."
However, allow us to begin with a two-part explanation for why we favor a case-by-case approach.
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There's no doubting the sincerity of those who believe Cooperstown is no place for juicers.Rather, the issue with that notion is one of naivete.
Per George Mitchell's2007 reporton PEDs in baseball, steroids had infiltrated MLB at least a decade before Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosachased downRoger Maris' single-season home run record in 1998. Heck, one former major leaguer has claimedsteroids were in the game as far back as the 1960s.
If true, baseball's Steroid Era wasn't limited to the late 1990s and early 2000s. That, in turn, lends credence to whispers (see here, here and here) that there are already users in the Hall's halls.
Granted, MLB officially bannedsteroids in 1991. But sans testing procedures, baseball was basically invoking the honor system. Moreover, the original policy reserved lifetime bans only for repeat offenders who failed to respond to treatment and rehabilitation. So for players,it was all reward and basically no risk.
Given how PED usage is seen as more of a nuisance than an unforgivable transgression in other sports, it's also fair to wonderif the Steroid Era would be so reviled in retrospect if no home run records had fallen during it. As for why those records did fall, it likely has as much to do with a juiced ball as juiced players.
Lastly, there's the Bud Selig conundrum. If the commissioner can be in the Hall of Famedespite his failings during the Steroid Era, the same standard should be applied to players who defined the era.
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Ah, but does PED usage nonetheless run afoul of the Hall of Fame's insistence that voters consider the "integrity, sportsmanship, [and] character" of players?
Frankly, there is no other answer than yes. Even though the leaguedidn't exactly promoteits steroid policy, players who took PEDs after 1991 can't use the"I didn't know I couldn't do that" excuse.
Even still, there should be a distinction between those who broke the rules between 1991 and 2004 and those who broke them after testing and policing procedures went into effect in 2005.
Before then, there was was no system to cheat. After, anyone who dared to use knew full well what they were risking. The damage would be not only to their own reputation and finances, but also to their teams and, by extension, their teammates.
Further,the Hall of Fame also urges voters to consider players'"record, playing ability...and contributions to the team(s)on which the player played." Because there's no explicit stipulation stating otherwise, there's room for interpretation that credits in these categories can make up for debits in the other categories.
Hence our preference for going on a case-by-case basis. So without further ado, let's begin with the least deserving candidates and make our way to the most deserving candidates.
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Before we get on with more complicated cases, let's begin with three simple ones.
Jose Canseco
He literally wrote the book on juicing in baseball, and in retrospect, his whistle-blowing helped change baseball for the better.
Even still, Canseco's own steroid usage isn't even the best reason why he doesn't belong in Cooperstown. Though he achieved some impressive thingsincluding the first-ever 40-40 seasonbetween 1985 and 2001, neither his offensive production (i.e. his 132 OPS+ and 462 HR) nor his overall performance (i.e. his 42.5 WAR) screams "Hall of Famer."
Jason Giambi
In 2004, he admittedusing human growth hormone and other steroids in the early 2000s, which he more or lessapologized for later.
At his best, Giambi won an MVP and averaged a 176 OPS+ and 41 home runs per year between 2000 and 2003. But like with Canseco, his final 139 OPS+, 440 homers and 50.5 WAR would fall short of Cooperstown standards even if he weren't tied to PEDs.
Eric Gagne
Albeit at the end of his career, he admitted to using HGH during a three-year portion of his decade in the major leagues.
Gagne's biggest claims to fame are his National League Cy Young Award from 2003 and his record-setting 84 straight saves from 2003 to 2004. But the standards for Cooperstown-caliber relievers are pretty high, and his 11.7 WARisn't even half of what Bruce Sutter has on the low end.
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If Manny Ramirez'sonly positive test for PEDs had occurred during anapparently imperfectsurvey by MLB in 2003, he'd be a candidate for leniency with regard to the Hall of Fame.
Trouble is, it didn't stop there. Ramirez also tested positive and was banned for 50 games in 2009. Two years later, he abruptly retired when he was facing a 100-game suspension after a second positive test.
Otherwise, Ramirez isone of only four right-handed hitters to rack up a .300/.400/.500 batting line over at least 9,000 plate appearances in the majors. He clubbed 555 home runs in the regular season, plus arecord 29 in the postseason. He was also a 12-time All-Star and two-time World Series champion.
But no thanks to his terrible defense, Ramirez doesn't even outrank fellow left fielder Tim Raines with his 69.3 career WAR. And in addition to his multiple failed PED tests, some of the less pleasant aspects of Ramirez's "Manny Being Manny" persona form another strike against his character.
Frankly, it's surprising that Ramirez has even 28.2 percent of the voters' support after four years on the ballot. It's not as if his connections to PEDs are disputable. And because of what happened in 2011, nobody can even argue that he's already served his time.
Our Verdict:Hard no
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Based on his numbers and accolades, Alex Rodriguez is an all-time great and a no-brainer for Cooperstown.
In a 22-year career that spanned 1994 and 2016, A-Rod compiled a 140 OPS+, 696 home runs (fourth all-time) and 117.5 WAR (12th all-time). He was a 14-time All-Star, a 10-time Silver Slugger, a two-time Gold Glover and a three-time MVP.
Though Rodriguez collected only one World Series ring, he truly earned it. Without his 1.308 OPS and six home runs throughout the playoffs, the New York Yankees might not have won it all in 2009.
Rodriguez's ties to PEDs, however, are as troubling as they are indisputable. In response to a report of a positive test from 2003, he admitted in 2009 to using steroids between 2001 and 2003. Years later, he was caught up in the Biogenesis scandal and eventually suspended for the entire 2014 season.
One can argue that Rodriguez's achievements outweigh his misdeeds with PEDs, for which he's alreadypaid dearlyand which have clearly changed him for the better. But at the least, said misdeeds are enough to keep him from being an immediate addition to Cooperstown when he gets on the ballot in 2022.
Our Verdict:Hard no
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Even though nobody took it seriously at the time, there was an early tipoff that Mark McGwire was using PEDs amid his trek to a then-record 70 home runs in 1998.
Cut to 12 years later in 2010 and McGwire confessed to theAssociated Press that he used steroids not just in '98, but on and off throughout nearly a decade of his 16-year career between 1986 and 2001.
Sans all of this, McGwire would look like a shoo-in for Cooperstown.His 163 OPS+ and 583 home runs put him in a very small group of elite sluggers. By WAR, he's also one of the 12 best first basemen in history. Next come his accolades, which include a Rookie of the Year, 12 All-Star nods and a World Series ring.
There is, however, no separating any of this from McGwire's confession that PEDs were not a bug during his career, but a feature. That leaves very little (if any) room to wonder if he would have achieved his obviously Cooperstown-worthy numbers if he'd juiced only occasionally or not at all.
McGwire is already off the Hall of Fame ballot, having bowed out with 12.3 percent of the vote in 2016. Even four years later, it's hard to fault the voters for that one.
Our Verdict:Hard no
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In getting just13.9 percent of the vote in 2020, Sammy Sosa is still receiving McGwire-level support after eight years on the ballot. That makes some sense as his legacy is inextricably tied to McGwire's.
For what it's worth, Sosa still denies having ever used PEDs. And setting aside Jose Canseco's testimony and a vaguely incriminating encounter withSports Illustrated scribe Rick Reillyin 2002, the strongest evidence that Sosa used is a positive testfrom the survey testing in 2003 that was, once again, imperfect.
As far as what Sosadoes have going for him, his 609 home runs make him one of only nine members of the 600 Home Run Club. He hit 292 of those in a five-year span between 1998 and 2002 when he became the only player ever to rack up three seasons of at least 60 home runs.
On either side of those five seasons, however, Sosa was a good but not great player. That's ultimately felt in his overall career numbers, which include a modest 128 OPS+ and 58.6 career WAR. The latter barely ranks in the top 20 among right fielders.
So though Sosa has more plausible deniability than McGwire with regard to PEDs, it's not enough to overcome the disparity between his suspiciously extraordinary prime and his oddly ordinary career.
Our Verdict:Soft no
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Rafael Palmeiro first appeared on the ballot in 2011 and was quickly ousted in 2014 when his 4.4 percent of the vote failed to meet the minimum threshold of 5 percent.
Clearly, memories of 2005 were still fresh. Palmeiro was implicated as a juicer by Jose Canseco in February of that year. Hevehemently deniedever using before congress a few weeks later, but whatever benefit of the doubt he had vanished when hetested positive and was suspended in August.
In 2017, Palmeiro opened up about how he was blindsided by his positive testand also about how he produced three negative tests during an arbitration hearing over his positive test. Though he was suspended anyway, such things do give him a degree of plausible deniability in retrospect.
Performance-wise, Palmeiro was rarely great but consistently very good in a 20-year career that spanned 1986 to 2005. He's notably one of only six players with at least 3,000 hits and 500 home runs, and his 71.9 career WAR ranks eighth among first basemen.
Compared to when Palmeiro was on the ballot, tensions about the Steroid Era have eased a bit in recent years. He would almost certainly have more support in this environment, and it would be well deserved.
Our Verdict:Soft yes
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Mere days after he was implicated in the Mitchell Report in 2007, Andy Pettitte admitted to using human growth hormone in 2002.
But as he explained, he used HGH for just two days and only because he was trying to heal an elbow injury. Though he admitted it was an "error in judgment," his case points to a fair question as to whether there's a line between performance-enhancing and performance-allowing.
If there's a knock against Pettitte that has nothing to do with PEDs, it's that he was never the best pitcher in baseball during his 18-year career.To wit, he never won a Cy Young Award, and he made only three All-Star teams.
But in his postseason resume alone, Pettitte has a compelling case for entry into Cooperstown. He's the all-time leader for playoff wins and innings, and he won five of the eight World Series in which he played.
And while certainly unspectacular, Pettitte's regular-season body of work isn't entirely free of merit. He racked up a safely above-average 117 ERA+ over 3,316 innings, andhis 60.7 WARranks 12thamong left-handers.
After two seasons on the ballot, Pettitte has only risen to11.3 percentof the vote. He deserves better.
Our Verdict:Soft yes
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In 2004, Gary Sheffield admitted to using a steroid known as "the cream" while training with Barry Bonds during the 2001-02 offseason.
But as Tom Verducci ofSports Illustrated recounted in 2014, Sheffield was proactive in being honest about his usage. He claimed that he didn't know what he was using and that he wasn't happy when he found out: "I was mad. I want everybody to be on an even playing field."
More so than PEDs, perhaps the biggest issue with Sheffield's Hall of Fame resume is his historically awful defense. Fielding runs, for example, rates him as the second-worst fielder ever after only Derek Jeter.
Yet Sheffield still boasts more career WAR (60.5) than fellow right fielder Vladimir Guerrero (59.5), who got into the Hall of Fame on his first ballot in 2018. That points to the 22-year veteran's offensive might, as he's one of only 21 players with more than 500 home runs and at least a 140 OPS+.
Because Sheffield was also a nine-time All-Star and a World Series champion, his case for entry into Cooperstown should be strong enough to overcome his relatively sympathetic story with steroids. At the least, he should get a bump on the30.5 percent of the vote he got in his sixth year on the ballot.
Our Verdict:Soft yes
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David Ortiz's one and only connection to steroids is afailed test from the 2003 survey that even Commissioner Rob Manfred warned everyone not to take at face value.
"Even if your name was on that list," Manfred told Bob Nightengale of USA Todayin 2016, "its entirely possible that you were not a positive."
Ultimately, "Big Papi" played about 70 percent of his games in the post-2005 era of testing and punishments for PEDs. And he surely wasn't spared, as he told Verducciin 2019: "Let me tell you, there's not one player in baseball, not one player, that has been drug-tested more than David Ortiz. I guarantee you that."
Altogether, Ortiz racked up a 141 OPS+ and 541 home runs throughout his 20-year career. Those are absolutely Hall of Fame-caliber numbers, and they don't even count his .947 OPS and 17 homers in the postseason. He notably hit .455/.576/.795 in three World Series, all of which he won.
Mind you, Ortiz did all this almost entirely as a designated hitter. The recent inductions of Frank Thomas and Edgar Martinez have somewhat eased the Hall's bias against the position, butneither they nor anyone else has ever been as much of a DH as Ortiz. His 2,027 games at the position are by far a record.
But even if he didn't have any other jobs, Ortiz is nonetheless one of the best regular-season and postseason hitters in history. His appearance on the 2022 ballot should be both his first and his last.
Our Verdict:Hard yes
12 of 13
If judged solely by what he did on the mound, Roger Clemens is perhaps the greatest pitcher in history.
In 24 seasons between 1984 and 2007, "The Rocket" put himself in exceedingly special company by racking up a 143 ERA+ over 4,916.2 innings. He also ranks third all-time in strikeouts (4,672) and WAR (138.7).
Among Clemens' individual prizes are 11 All-Star nods, seven Cy Young Awards, an MVP and two World Series rings. He's also known for pitching some of the most dominant games in history, includingtwo 20-strikeout starts and arguably the greatest of all postseason starts.
Clemens' connection to PEDs, meanwhile, is entirely circumstantial.
He was a key figurein the Mitchell Report, yethe never tested positive and he was ultimately acquitted of perjury in 2012 after denyingusing PEDs to a congressional panel in 2008. By 2012, even Jose Canseco was skeptical that Clemens had ever used.
Despite the lack of actual fire, that Clemens has garnered only 61.0 percentsupport after eight years on the ballot shows that many voters believe there's enough smoke to keep him out of Cooperstown. It's not an altogether unfair position, but we ultimately lean the other way.
Our Verdict:Hard yes
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Which MLB Steroid Users* Deserve to Be in the Baseball Hall of Fame? - Bleacher Report
Coronavirus warning: Most patients admitted to intensive care were overweight or obese – Express.co.uk
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Data from the 2,204 patients admitted to 286 NHS intensive care units with Covid 19 reveals 73 percent fell into this category.It prompted health experts to warn of the dangers of eating too much processed and junk food. Dr Aseem Malhotra, NHS consultant cardiologist and Professor of Evidence Based Medicine, has called for public health messaging to be urgently updated in the light of the epidemic to ensure people are eating nutritious whole foods in an attempt to reduce risk and subsequent death rates.
He said: What is staggering is after looking at all the data it is irrefutable that metabolic disease is the leading cause of mortality from Covid-19. This covers much of what we are already being told, that outcomes for patients suffering from Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure are far worse than in otherwise healthy adults. What is not being spelled out is that poor diet and obesity is behind this.
By immediately cutting out sugar and ultra-processed food and preparing fresh meals, the impact on health can be seen in just a matter of weeks.
Ultra-processed food, usually packaged and containing five or more ingredients with additives and preservatives which are energy-dense, high in unhealthy types of fat, refined starches, free sugars and salt, and poor sources of protein, dietary fibre and micronutrients, now make up half of all British diets.
With tens of millions of people now forced to stay at home during lockdown many are turning to convenience food and putting themselves at risk.
In a rallying call health experts said official guidance should be urgently changed so people slash sugar, refined carbohydrates and junk food and switch to a whole food diet abundant in vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, dairy and plenty of protein from pulses, fish, meat, and eggs, to improve their health within weeks to help protect themselves if they contract the coronavirus.
Last month the Daily Express revealed how medics were embroiled in a blazing row over the effect of carbohydrates on obesity fuelled Type 2 diabetes.
The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition [SACN] sparked anger for suggesting foods like bread, rice, potatoes and pasta make no real difference in the fight against weight loss.
Public health experts currently recommend one third of daily diets should be made up of starchy foods.
And in new draft guidance SACN, which advises the Government on health and nutrition, said there was no overall difference between low and high carbohydrate diets on body weight in the long-term. It also said low carb diets may have benefits over high carbohydrate diets on blood sugar in the short term, but their longer-term effects remain unclear.
The latest findings are at odds with a growing weight of expert opinion.
Dr Malhotra said: A significant health message should now be to eat real food, protect the NHS and save lives. Such implementation backed by policy changes may not just save hundreds and potentially thousands of lives around the world in the coming months, but given the high likelihood of another international viral pandemic in the next decade a healthier population and a subsequently more manageable health service will be much better equipped to handle what wouldthen be a smaller mortality peak on the next occasion. Hopefully if and when that occurs a lockdown will not be required.
Last night a chorus of experts backed the plan.
Tim Spector, Professor of genetic epidemiology, Kings College London, said: "Obesity and poor diet is emerging as one of the biggest risk factors for a severe response to Covid-19 infection that can no longer be ignored."
Robert Lustig, Professor of paediatric endocrinology at the University of California, San Francisco and chairman of institute of responsible nutrition, said: "I've heard Covid-19 referred to a beast, because it doesn't distinguish. In point of fact, it doesn't distinguish who it infects. But it does distinguish who it kills. Other than the elderly, it's those who are black, obese, and/or have pre-existing conditions. What distinguished these three demographics? Ultra-processed food. Because ultra-processed food sets you up for inflammation, which Covid-19 is happy to exploit. Just another way processed food kills. Time to rethink your menu."
Read More..Can Intuitive Surgical Continue to Rise Above COVID-19 Disruptions? – Medical Device and Diagnostics Industry
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Intuitive Surgical beat analysts estimates and revenue rose about 13% for 1Q20, however, the company said the rest of 2020 is in question because of COVID-19.
The Sunnyvale, CA-based company said procedures with its da Vinci robot were trending at the higher end of expectations during the first two and half months of 1Q20. But the surgical robotics pioneers story changed sharply in the latter half of March.
The company said it experienced a decline in procedure volume as healthcare systems in the U.S. and Western Europe diverted resources to meet the increasing demands of managing COVID-19.
Heres how the numbers play out.
The company said 1Q20 revenue of $1.1 billion grew 13% compared with $974 million in the 1Q19. Worldwide da Vinci procedures grew approximately 10% compared with the first quarter of 2019, driven primarily by growth in U.S. general surgery procedures and worldwide urologic procedures.
In response to COVID-19, Intuitive's priorities are the health and safety of those we serve, including care teams, their patients, our employees, our communities, and our suppliers," Intuitive CEO Gary Guthart, said in a release. While we cannot predict the depth or duration of the disruption caused by the pandemic, we remain committed to our mission and the long-term need to improve patient outcomes.
The impact of COVID-19 on medtech companies varies. While Abbott Laboratories is surging because of various diagnostic options for the virus, companies that specialize in elective procedures have been hit extremely hard.
Conformis, a company known for its custom orthopedic implants, announced in March it was going to furlough one-third of its workforce. The Billerica, MA-based company said its product areas of knee and hip surgery were being impacted in unprecedented ways.
Obalon Therapeutics said it would explore financial and strategic alternatives because of the impact of COVID-19 on elective procedures. The weight loss solutions company said that these alternatives could include equity or debt financing; a sale of the company; a business combination; or a merger or a reverse merger with another party.
And late last month, Second Sight Medical Products announced it was winding down operations and laying off 84 of its 108 employees. The Sylmar, CA-based company had developed a cortical stimulation device intended to provide useful artificial vision to individuals who are blind due to a wide range of causes.
Read More..Lessons on enduring the pandemic from an Oklahoma City bombing survivor – Thrive Global
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Employees and members of the Allegiance Credit Union in Oklahoma share the same concerns as most Americans these days, a list that obviously starts with health and quickly veers to finances.
Yet those folks can take a bit of solace: No matter what challenges the coronavirus pandemic poses, the woman in charge of their credit union knows all about bouncing back from unthinkable devastation.
Amy Downs didnt merely survive the Oklahoma City bombing. Given a second chance at life, she transformed everything about herself since the horrific morning of April 19, 1995.
Before the pandemic, this spotlight was going to shine on Amys journey simply because the 25th anniversary of that unforgettable moment in U.S. history offered a timely opportunity.
Now, as we slog through another unforgettable time, her insights on navigating her ordeal carry a timely resonance.
Our old normal is gone, just like on April 19, for me, that old normal was gone, she said. Were not sure what that new normal will be yet, but things are going to be different.
***
On the fateful morning, Amy was at her desk on the third floor of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building.
She was talking to a pregnant colleague when the bombs detonated at 9:02 a.m.
The next thing Amy knew, she was in the basement.
Crammed into a sideways-V section of rubble, her legs were on a downslope, her torso folded over them. Debris mashed her head below her knees, creating the sensation of being upside down. She was further disoriented because a window curtain had wrapped around her head.
Strangely enough, her desk chair remained beneath her.
Six hours later, rescuers pried her out. Clich as it may seem, Amy emerged a different person.
In the moments of my near-death experience, she said, I saw crystal clear what I could have done with my life and what I hadnt done.
She soon learned how fortunate she was to have a do-over.
The blast claimed 168 lives, including 18 of the 33 employees at Amys workplace, then called the Federal Employees Credit Union. Among the victims: the pregnant woman.
***
Amys next several years were very dark.
She eventually found beams of light. The first: motherhood. Then she returned to school. That led to weight-loss surgery, which sparked a love of cycling. A joy of running followed, then she learned to swim so she could become a triathlete. Along the way, she met her new husband through cycling.
To celebrate turning 50, she tried swimming 2.4 miles, cycling 112 and running 26.2, all within 17 hours. With less than 10 minutes left, she crossed the finish to the raucous announcement, Amy Downs you are an Ironman!
As she said in a story on heart.org, Pretty much everything I do, before I cross one finish line, Im already looking for the next, trying to figure out how to level up. Ive also found that when you get your act together in one area, a lot of times it spills over into other areas.
***
Last fall, Amy agreed to deliver a speech at an annual meeting of a league of credit unions in Texas, Oklahoma and Arkansas. Her topic was going to be enduring challenges such as management changes, upstart online competitors and switching core software systems.
She titled it, How to Lead Your Team Through Disruption.
Once she started gathering her thoughts, she recognized the double meaning of her discussing disruption. She also was finishing a memoir, so the memories were especially fresh.
She was supposed to deliver the speech this week.
The pandemic scuttled it, of course. However, the league is holding weekly online meetings to help CEOs work through things together. While much of the talks are technical such as how to distribute federal bailout funds Amy asked to deliver a revised version of the speech she was crafting.
What were going through now is so much like what we went through back then, she said. Theres all this uncertainty and anxiety. I dont have the answer to everybodys business model, but I do know the story of how we made it through. Maybe thatll be encouraging to others like, `Hey, we made it, youre going to, too.
She boiled down her message to three things. Or, rather, opportunities.
The speech was so well received, shes been asked to give it twice next week.
The fact of the matter is, the pandemic has happened, she said. As leaders, we have to look at this and figure out how to make the best out of it. Youre going to struggle. How you handle the struggle is going to define your long-term success.
***
The bombing left Amys credit union with 15 employees and no office. It also claimed about 100 members.
We couldve easily gone under, Amy said.
Instead, Allegiance has grown from $70 million in assets to $300 million. It has 82 employees.
Amy is among four who remain from April 19, 1995. Shes had opportunities to leave. Good ones, she stressed.
I cant leave, though, she said. Its not because of what happened on April 19.
Its because of what we went through together afterward.
***
The day after the blast, then-CEO Florence Rogers visited Amys hospital room. She touched Amys face and brushed her hair.
Everyone in the room had heard that Florence hadnt been hurt. Yet Florence asked if anyone wanted to see her injury.
She turns around and yanks her pants down to show a big bruise on her rear end, Amy said. Shes laughing and we all laughed so hard we cried. We needed that levity.
With that PG-rated memory in mind, Amy came up with all sorts of emotional release valves for her employees during the pandemic.
There are voluntary prayer meetings daily and virtual happy hours on Fridays. They held a Tiger King trivia event (the zoo Joe Exotic ran is about an hour away). They also have a private Facebook page thats essentially a safe space for employees to share memes, videos and such.
Were just trying to create opportunities for connections, Amy said.
Another wrinkle was dropping $25 into every employees checking account and asking them to spend it on lunch at a local restaurant. They also were encouraged to post pictures on social media to further boost those businesses.
Amy felt good about that. She also felt good seeing local TV news stories about people helping people.
And I thought, `What are you doing, she said.
She looked across her room and saw stacks of her memoir, Hope Is a Verb: My Journey of Impossible Transformation. She had so many copies because a book launch event was canceled by the pandemic.
Her solution: On Saturday, the first 100 online buyers at CommonplaceBooksOKC.com. will get a free copy of her book.
Were calling it Spreading `Hope, she said.
(Amy also was to have participated in a CycleNation event benefiting my organization, the American Stroke Association, a division of the American Heart Association. Its been pushed to Aug. 15. She persuaded all local credit unions to get involved as one giant team to commemorate the way they all came together for her group following the bombing. Shes also set up a relay featuring all the credit union CEO each riding one mile.)
***
About two weeks into sheltering in place, Amy received a text from one of her fellow credit-union survivors. He wrote: This is reminding me of April.
Among survivors, simply naming the month is all thats needed. Spring works, too; the bombing was on one of those beautiful days when you know winter is gone, so each year that seasonal change triggers as many emotions as the calendar date.
Trading texts with her friend left Amy in a bit of a funk.
Like everyone else these days, shes prone to bouts of feeling overwhelmed and scared.
The difference from everyone else is that those emotions draw her back to the muffled sights and toxic smells of the six hours she spent in that sideways-V hunk of rubble.
She copes by asking herself, If I lost everything today, what would I still have?
Its my family, my friends and my faith, she said. It helps to center myself on what I do have instead of what Im scared Im going to lose.
Continued here:
Lessons on enduring the pandemic from an Oklahoma City bombing survivor - Thrive Global
Older heart patients improve aerobic capacity with low-strain exercise program – Clinical Daily News – McKnight’s Long Term Care News
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News > Clinical Daily News
An exercise regimen designed to put minimal strain on the heart improved aerobic capacity and strength in older patients with heart failure, according to a new study.
Nineteen older adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction participated in one of two exercise programs for four weeks. One group practiced Peripheral Remodeling through Intermittent Muscular Exercise. The PRIME program involves high-repetition, high-duration training that focuses on skeletal muscles with relatively low central cardiovascular strain. The other group participated in combined aerobic exercise and resistance training.
While participants gained strength from both programs, only those in the PRIME program experienced significantly improved aerobic capacity, reported researcher Jason David Allen, Ph.D., from the University of Virginia, and colleagues.
These findings support the hypothesis that PRIME may have potential advantages for older patients with heart failure with ejection fraction, and could be a possible alternative exercise modality, the authors concluded.
Full findings were published Wednesday in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
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Older heart patients improve aerobic capacity with low-strain exercise program - Clinical Daily News - McKnight's Long Term Care News
How and Why to Stay Fit When All the Gyms Are Closed – NC State News
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For many of NCStates faculty and staff, swinging by the gym before work in the morning or on the way home in the evening is a normal part of their day or at least it was, until the coronavirus pandemic upended everyones routines.
Now that all gyms and fitnesscenters are closed, some are wondering how to keep exercising during aquarantine lockdown. For those who werent exercising to begin with, not muchhas changed in that regard; but nearly everyone is feeling greater stress and anxietythese days.
And thats exactly why now isthe perfect time to start exercising at home, according to Will Craig,assistant director of fitness for Wellnessand Recreation at NCState.
Physical activity is one wayfor people to manage the stress they feel in everyday life, says Craig. Soright now, when youre stuck at home or maybe working on campus as amandatory employee and feeling even more stress than usual, you can usephysical activity to help you deal with what life is presenting you.
Craig, who is a certifiedpersonal trainer and group fitness instructor, provides direction and visionfor all fitness programs, services and facilities in Wellness and Recreation.He also leads his units efforts to collaborate with campus partners toincorporate physical activity opportunities throughout the university.
Craig says his teams ultimategoal is to enhance everyones overall wellness, not just their physical fitness.
With all the research we havetoday, we know that physical activity is just one component of holisticwellness, he says.
To that end, Wellness andRecreation has launched a campaign called Move30, which encouragespeople to move at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week, to achieve 150 minutesof physical activity per week as recommended by the American College of SportsMedicine.
Research shows that people who achievethat level of activity have a tendency to have better moods, a higher level ofenergy and improved concentration, he explains. They also tend to have less stress,anxiety and depression.
The benefits dont stop there.People who get that 150 minutes in every week also tend to sleep about an hourmore per night, he says. Its better-quality sleep, too. Physical activityhas a drastic positive impact across many areas of your life. So underlockdown, when you have more going on around you if youre working at home andmore going on in your head no matter where you are if you exercise, you mightbe able to focus better, work more effectively and complete your tasks moreeasily.
Craig offers these tips forexercising safely and effectively at home:
If youre starting an exerciseprogram from scratch, the same cardinal rule applies whether youre doing it athome or at a gym: Start off slowly.
It might even just be movingfor five minutes at a time to add up to 30 minutes, Craig says. Researchshows that if you split your 30 minutes up into five-minute chunks, you get thesame benefits as people who move for 30 minutes all at once. So start there ifyou need to. Then you can slowly build up to moving for longer periods oftime.
One of the most common things Ihear is that people dont like working out, they dont like exercise, Craigsays. But exercise is actually not the goal here. Were calling our campaignMove30, not Exercise30, because if youre moving it doesnt matter whattype of movement you engage in. As long as you meet the criteria for whatcounts as movement which means moving enough to increase your heart rateand speed up your breathing pattern you get the benefits, he explains. Sowe want you to find your own movement that you like doing, because if youredoing something you like, youre more likely to keep doing it.
Craig says fitness companies are providing free resources online, such as instructional videos and recorded workouts, that make it easy to exercise at home. In addition, Wellness and Recreation has launched the WellRec at Home initiative to help people engage in fitness activities no matter where they are.
Through WellRec at Home wereteaching about 30 virtual classes per week, he says. Anyone with a Unity ID canlog into a live class taught by one of our certified instructors in a varietyof formats like yoga, cardio dance, kickboxing, barre and its all free ofcharge.
To register for virtual classes,first download and install the WellRec phone app.Then use the app to register for the classes you want to take.
WellRec at Home also offers avariety of prerecorded workouts for those who cant attend a scheduled live class.In addition, the initiative provides videos on meditation, mindfulness, stress reductionand other practices that support mental and emotional well-being.
Beginning April 20, Wellnessand Recreation will also offer an online group wellness coaching program calledthe HealthyLiving Series. This four-week series of educationalsessions, available free of charge to all faculty and staff, will cover healthystrategies for stress management, nutrition and mindful movement.
In Craigs opinion, theres anunintended upside to all the gyms being closed: One of the cool things aboutexercising at home is that theres no one there to see you or judge you, hesays. You can truly take it at your own pace.
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How and Why to Stay Fit When All the Gyms Are Closed - NC State News