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By Gege Li

The keto diet involves foods that are high in fat and low in carbohydrates

Ditching carbohydrates and eating lots of fat may give some protection against the flu. Feeding mice the so-called keto diet seems to boost certain immune cells, which may be responsible for the effect.

The keto diet forces the body to burn fat for energy, which can help with weight loss, and people may get flu-like symptoms known as the keto flu as their body adapts to so little carbohydrate. The keto diet has also been linked to improved heart health and control of blood sugar in diabetes, but much of the evidence is conflicting.

Akiko Iwasaki at Yale School of Medicine and colleagues previously found that the keto diet reduced inflammation in mice with gout. Because inflammation is common to both gout and flu, the team thought the keto diet could similarly deal with flu-related inflammation, which can severely damage the lungs.

To put this theory to the test, the team fed mice infected with influenza A the most serious type of the virus either a keto or standard diet for a week before infection. After four days, all seven of the mice fed a standard diet succumbed to the infection, compared to only five out of the 10 mice on the keto diet. These keto diet mice also didnt lose as much weight, which is usually a clear sign of flu infection in animals.

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The team found that the keto diet amped up the numbers of a specific type of T cell key players in the bodys immune response found in the lungs. Boosting these T cells dampened the sensitivity of cells lining the lungs to infection and increased mucus production.

It seems that this extra mucus is important for protecting the mice, says Iwasaki, because it traps the flu virus to stop it spreading. It still isnt clear what these T cells do outside of this study though, she says.

Although mouse and human metabolisms differ, the finding could mean that people get a similar protection from influenza when on the keto diet.

We already knew of a link between diet and immunity, says John Tregoning at Imperial College London, who wasnt involved in the work. Eating foods rich in vitamin C, for example, is known to strengthen our immune system. Switching to a keto diet may help boost the immune system so that it is better programmed to fight off the infection, says Tregoning.

Journal reference: Science Immunology, DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aav2026

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Eating a keto diet may give some protection against the flu - New Scientist News

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Type 2 diabetes means a persons pancreas doesnt produce enough insulin to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Unchecked blood sugar levels can pose grave health risks such as heart disease or strokes. Type 2 diabetes may trigger symptoms such as frequent urination and increased thirst. Left untreated it could cause serious complications including kidney disease and nerve damage. Following this diet could help one to keep blood sugar levels healthy and drastically reduce serious health risks.

People with type 2 diabetes must be extra aware of the carbohydrate content of their meal so their blood sugar levels dont rise, or if they are using injectable insulin, so they can dose insulin appropriately.

In a study with the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, glycemic index foods were investigated to analyse how it affects blood sugar levels for type 2 diabetics.

The study noted that one of the best diets to follow when dealing with the condition is a low GI diet.

DONT MISS

What to eat and what to avoid?

Foods to eat for a type 2 diabetic meal plan include complex carbohydrates such as brown rice, whole wheat, quinoa, oatmeal, fruits, vegetables, beans and lentils.

Foods to avoid include simple carbohydrates, which are processed, such as sugar, pasta, white bread, flour, cookies and pastries.

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Type 2 diabetes: Experts agree this diet will keep blood sugar levels low - what is it? - Express

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You heard the news, yes? That the one and only J.Lo and the absolutely magical Shakira are performing at this year's Super Bowl!? Well, it takes a village to prep for such a thing, or in Shakira's case, it takes one Anna Kaiser, the woman behind AKT Studios and Shakira's five-times-a-week, 75-minute training sessions.

Anna walked Delish through a day in the life of pre-Super Bowl Shakira: what she eats, how she trains, and how she's handling the pressure of a once-in-a-lifetime performance.

By lean, Anna means healthy proteins and lots of veggies. In fact, Shakira is currently alternating between eating 60 percent veggies and 40 percent protein and eating 80 percent veggies and 20 percent protein. Regardless, a day in the (eating) life looks like black coffee around breakfast, "a salad and fish for lunch, soup for a snack, skirt steak with grilled tomatoes and spinach for dinner, and dark chocolate for dessert."

That's not so different than what she normally eatsthere's just a lot less snacking going on right now.

Every one of Anna and Shakira's workouts is at least an hour and fifteen minutes and almost always consists of "choreographed dance sections and strength intervals. Well do dance, upper body circuit, dance, lower body circuit, dance, core circuit, cool down." The goal each time? To burn at least 500 calories per workout: "We usually surpass that goal, but thats our baseline. We need to get there."

In order to ensure they do, Shakira wears a heart monitor "religiously" every time. Anna says the monitor is crucial, as "you dont always know if youre getting a good workout! You can sweat in a hot room with a lot of people and burn 200 calories, but with proper metrics, you don't just rely on the visceral sweat."

The funnest part of Anna's job here, she says, is creating a playlist for a music (and dance!) icon to, well, dance to. And while it's really challenging to find music that'll motivate someone who has created tons of music in her lifetime, she's figured out how to do it: music totally unlike her own.

"We love the song 'Arrest the President' by Ice Cube. Its so fun! Its hilarious, its a really good song. We also likelet me grab her playlistwe really like 'Sally Walker' by Iggy Azalea, and then 'Kryptonite!' Thats a throwback." All of those serve well for working Shakira's core (which she "loves" to do) and her legs and booty (which are "definitely a challenge" for her).

In conclusion, Anna says, Shakira's Super Bowl prep isn't so unlike my gym routine or your gym routine or any other busy human's gym routine:

In further conclusion, Anna confirms it's easier for Shakira to do that when she's gotten a great night's sleep.

You heard it here first: Eat right. Sleep well. Work hard. Morph into Super Bowl-ready shape. Become Shakira.

You'll be able to find 100 more AKT Studios locations across the country next year, but for now, check out theakt.com for more info on signing up for classes.

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Shakira's Super Bowl 2020 Diet and Workout Routine, According to Her Trainer - Delish

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The ruling camp is facing increasing difficulties in passing a bill during the current Diet session to amend the process that could be used to revise the Constitution.

The current parliamentary session is scheduled to close Dec. 9, but some in the Liberal Democratic Party, which leads the ruling coalition that also includes Komeito, now seem willing to accept delays to debates regarding the amendment of the national referendum law.

I dont think that the bill must be enacted during the ongoing Diet session at any cost, a senior official with a ruling party said.

Ruling bloc lawmakers are increasingly reluctant to extend the current Diet session in order to avoid offering further opportunities for opposition parties to grill the government over questions raised recently about a state-funded annual cherry blossom-viewing party hosted by the prime minister.

Opposition lawmakers have accused Prime Minister Shinzo Abe of using taxpayers money to further his own interests, claiming that guests invited to the party have included many of his supporters a charge that Abe denied.

All travel and hotel expenses, including the dinner party, were paid for by those who participated themselves, Abe told reporters at his office on Friday.

For my office or support group, there was no money coming in or going out, he said, adding that payments were made directly by each participant to the travel agency in charge of the trip.

The proposed amendments to the national referendum law currently under discussion are said to include measures aimed at improving voter convenience, such as setting up polling stations at places like train stations and commercial facilities and allowing people to cast votes at such stations, even if they fall outside their own district.

On Thursday, the Lower Houses Commission on the Constitution held a meeting of senior members from both ruling and opposition parties to discuss the handling of the bill.

But the two sides remained at odds, with the ruling camp seeking agreement from the opposition bloc for its plan to hold a question-and-answer session on the legislation and put it to a vote next week.

Major opposition parties are calling for priority to be given to discussions about regulating television commercials linked to any referendum on constitutional revision. The opposition is concerned that ruling parties with ample funds for such commercials would sway voters.

We want to hold a brief question-and-answer session and then take a vote on it, Yoshitaka Shindo, leader of the LDP members in the commission, told reporters after the meeting.

But Ikuo Yamahana, Shindos counterpart from the major opposition Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan, told reporters separately, We have an interest in regulating TV commercials.

Holding debates on the matter is a precondition for putting the legislation to a vote, Yamahana said.

The Lower House commission and its equivalent in the Upper House hold regular meetings on Thursdays and Wednesdays, respectively, meaning both commissions are scheduled to meet three more times before the end of the current Diet session.

But a senior LDP lawmaker has said that the Upper House commission needs two days for discussions on the bill.

That would mean that the bill must clear the Lower House within the next week to ensure it is enacted during the current Diet session, sources with knowledge of the matter have said.

In open talks among members of the Lower House commission on Thursday, Shoichi Kondo of the CDP sounded cautious about the odds of any changes being made to the top law even if the procedure is amended, saying, I dont think there is momentum for overhauling the Constitution among the public.

If the ruling coalition were to railroad the bill, those in the opposition would be certain to react harshly, observers say.

Originally posted here:
LDP might delay talks on constitutional referendum bill to avoid Diet extension that could hurt Abe - The Japan Times

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1. Get turnovers, and points off turnovers.

Jared Goff's interception rate is 2.5 percent, and only three quarterbacks have been picked off more than the nine charged to the former No. 1 overall pick. As a result fun fact time! Goffs passer rating (82.7) is worse than Mitch Trubiskys (85.2).

Sean McVays play action-heavy offense has still worked at times this year, but Goff has looked like a liability operating it. The opportunities should be there for Kyle Fuller, Prince Amukamara, Ha Ha Clinton Dix and Eddie Jackson whos still searching for his first interception of 2019 to take the ball away multiple times, something they havent done since Week 5 (the Bears have two takeaways in their last four games).

Of course, McVay could deploy an extremely conservative gameplan to keep Goff from putting the ball into harms way. But this offense largely is what it is, and as long as the back end of the Bears defense doesnt bite on play action, itll have chances to take the ball away.

And when those chances do come, one of two things needs to happen: Either its a pick six, or the Bears offense scores a touchdown immediately following a turnover. Sustaining long drives against a good Rams defense will be difficult for an offense that hasnt really done that in 2019 anyway. So score on short fields, or get defensive touchdowns, and the Bears will put themselves in position to win on Sunday night.

2. Make it three for three against Aaron Donald.

The Bears muted Aaron Donalds impact a year ago, limiting him to just one tackle in their 14-9 win at Soldier Field. Credit Bears offensive line coach Harry Hiestand for an excellent coaching job of his guys last December, which maybe wasnt a fluke when Hiestands Notre Dame offensive line faced Donald back in 2013, they held the then-Pitt star toone tackle.

Hiestands O-line shut down Donald last year with backup Bryan Witzmann starting at right guard, though the challenge on Sunday may be greater given current right guard Rashaad Coward is still very much a greenhorn at his position. And Donald, too, is entering Sunday playing some of his best football.

Five of Donalds six sacks have come in his last four games, and he has 13 stops tackles that represent a failure for the opposing offense, as defined by PFF in that same span. His ability to wreck the game, whether or not David Montgomery plays (he's a gametime decision with an ankle injury), needs to be held in check.

The Rams are fourth in defensive DVOA, one spot ahead of the Bears, with Wade Phillips defense actually improving off 2017 and 2018 while the Rams offense has regressed. Donald, whos still playing like the best defensive player in the NFL for the third year in a row, is a big reason why.

3. Have Allen Robinson win his matchups against Jalen Ramsey.

Ramsey hasnt played the sort of transcendent worthy of sacrificing two first-round picks to acquire, as the Rams did before Octobers trade deadline. In three games with the Rams, Ramsey has allowed 14 receptions on 17 targets with no interceptions, though he hasnt allowed a touchdown either, per PFF.

While Ramsey has been good, he hasnt been great and that should allow Allen Robinson to have chances to make plays as his former Jacksonville Jaguars teammate shadows him. Robinson has been outstanding this year, and has been the only player on the Bears offense in whom Mitch Trubisky has displayed unbridled trust. If he can manage a big game how about 100 yards and a touchdown? itll be because he won his matchups against Ramsey. And if Robinson does that, the Bears offense will have its best chance at beating one of the leagues better defenses.

If Trubisky can't get Robinson the ball, or Ramsey gets an interception or two, the Bears will have an exceedingly difficult time overcoming having their best offensive player being taken away.

Prediction: Rams 22, Bears 13

The Bears will arrive at the Coliseum with a 3.6 percent chance of making the playoffs, per Football Outsiders, the result of how poor theyve played this year coupled with a loaded NFC wild card race led by the Minnesota Vikings (7-3) and Seattle Seahawks (7-3). A win will keep their flickering playoff hopes from being extinguished, but it will not mean Chicago can start thinking about the postseason yet.

The Rams, though, are in a similar boat. A win would move them to 6-4, and they still have a game against the Seahawks remaining that could swing a wild card spot in their favor. So both teams will play Sunday evening with their metaphorical backs against the wall.

Ultimately, the Rams defense is what will drive their win. Phillips zone-heavy scheme stifled Trubisky and the Bears offense last year, and not even having the threat of Trey Burton on Sunday will have a negative impact on Matt Nagys offense.

The Bears will have to play their best game of the season to earn a victory (even better than Week 4), but last weekends win over the Lions was not the kind of inspiring effort that leads one to believe a great, complete game is coming.

Click hereto download the new MyTeams App by NBC Sports! Receive comprehensive coverage of theBears.

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Forte open to Bears return? - NBCSports.com

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Mens Journal aims to feature only the best products and services. We update when possible, but deals expire and prices can change. If you buy something via one of our links, we may earn a commission.Questions? Reach us at shop@mensjournal.com.

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Modern Man will help you optimize your bodys capacity for stress relief, too. So negative thoughts and anxiety cant bring you down. Youll feel calmer in the face of adversity and boost your mood because Modern Man supports healthy dopamine production to further keep you in a positive state of mind.

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Check out all the great products and gear we recommend to Mens Journal readers

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Crush Your Fitness Goals with This Fat Burner and Testosterone Booster - Men's Journal

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TORONTO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Acerus Pharmaceuticals Corporation (Acerus or the Company) (TSX:ASP; OTCQB:ASPCF) today reported its financial results for the three- and nine-month period ended September 30, 2019. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts are in US dollars and are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Third Quarter Highlights

In anticipation of the closing of the A&R Agreement, we have begun the process of standing-up both a US market access team and specialty sales organization to co-promote NATESTO to the United States market. This expansion of our footprint to enter the United States market confirms our mens health strategy and truly establishes Acerus as a globally focused company headquartered in Canada, not just a company servicing the Canadian marketplace, said Ed Gudaitis, President and Chief Executive Officer of Acerus. We are also excited about the results of a clinical study showing that NATESTO increases serum testosterone and improves symptoms while maintaining normal semen parameters in men with low testosterone. This positive study, presented initially by Dr. Ranjith Ramasamy, MD, Associate Professor and Director of Reproductive Urology at the University of Miami School of Medicine, at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine Conference on October 17, 2019, and subsequently at an Acerus Key Opinion Leader presentation in New York City on October 30, 2019, clearly differentiates NATESTO from other approved testosterone therapies. We are very excited by the outcomes of this study and will look to further develop the growing evidence-base supporting NATESTO.

Summary of Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 (compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 unless otherwise noted)

Total revenue in the quarter was negative $0.2 million compared to $1.6 million in the third quarter of 2018. This decline is due to a $0.8 million drop in Estrace and UrivarxTM product revenues and the net impact of $0.6 million in Q3-2019 for returns associated with the delay in returning NATESTO to the Canadian and South Korean markets (previously it was assumed that the product would be replaced rather than returned) and reversing the Q2-2019 $0.1 million charge to revenue discounts for incentives to customers to accept replacement product.

On August 2, 2019, we announced that we would voluntarily replace certain NATESTO lots released in the Canadian and South Korean markets, which was expected to cause temporary shortages in those markets. We have identified four commercial lots of NATESTO released in the Canadian and South Korean markets that were found to be non-conforming during long-term stability studies, even though such lots were fully in-specification at the time of release. This post-release non-conformity is not harmful to the patient, but may result in difficulties in dispensing. Acerus made minor modifications to the manufacturing process that appear to have resolved the previously identified issues and has produced a new commercial batch of Natesto. On November 1, 2019, we announced that Health Canada classified the changes as level I, requiring the submission of a SNDS. Should Health Canada utilize the full regulatory allotted time for reviewing a SNDS, Acerus would expect the Revised Batch to be released in the Canadian Market in Q1-2021. In Q2-2019, we had previously impaired inventory by $0.3 million and accrued $0.5 million related to replacing products, discounts and potential returns due to the issue described above. However, due to the additional delays, the Company reversed the previous accruals related to discounts and replacement of product and has accrued $0.7 million for returns in the current quarter.

The following table indicates the revenue by product for the quarter (in US$000s):

Difference

$

$ 80

$ 172

$ (92)

(159)

364

(523)

(296)

-

(296)

(375)

536

(911)

203

883

(680)

5

164

(159)

$ (167)

$ 1,583

$ (1,750)

Gross margin declined by $0.8 million to negative $0.04 million compared to the prior year quarter. The current figure reflects the accrual for product returns described above and the reversal of the $0.4 million charge to cost of goods made in Q2-2019 when it was expected that the Company would replace the recalled NATESTO product.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) increased to $3.2 million from $2.2 million in the prior year period. The current quarter reflects costs of $2.1 million in anticipation of the NATESTO United States A&R Agreement closing and subsequent launch. Absent this charge, SG&A expenses were $1.1 million or 50% lower than the comparable prior year period, reflecting decreased marketing and selling expenses related to NATESTO Canada and UriVarxTM and decreased salaries and benefits costs due to reductions in commercial headcount and reductions in bonus accrual. The Company will continue to review expenses and make adjustments where necessary in light of the recent recall and SNDS requirement. In particular, Acerus will be streamlining its future operating expenses to focus on the following key priorities: 1) the standing up of the US organization in anticipation of the go-live of the A&R Agreement, 2) the approval by Health Canada and launch of avanafil in the Canadian market, 3) supporting our global partners who are launching NATESTO in their respective markets and 4) strengthening the management of our third-party manufacturing network.

Research and development ("R&D") expense was $0.6 million for the current quarter, a slight decline from the $0.8 million for the prior year period.

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)1 was a loss of $3.7 million compared to an EBITDA loss of $1.6 million for the prior year quarter. Adjusted EBITDA1, was a loss of $3.4 million for the quarter compared to a loss of $1.5 million for the prior year period.

The Company incurred a net loss of $4.6 million or $(0.02) per share for the quarter compared to a loss of $2.9 million or $(0.01) per share for the third quarter of 2018.

Cash as of September 30, 2019 was $4.1 million compared with $3.8 million on December 31, 2018, reflecting the proceeds of a CDN$4.5 million private placement in Q1-2019, and a US$5.0 million subordinated debt facility entered into in Q3-2019 between the Company and First Generation Capital Inc., a company affiliated with the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, offset by cash used in operations.

Summary of Results for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 (compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 unless otherwise noted)

NATESTO USA UPDATE

As indicated above, the Company and Aytu Bioscience jointly announced on July 30, 2019, that they had signed an amended and restated license agreement to allow Acerus to enter the US market directly and co-promote NATESTO to the specialist (urology and endocrinology) market. Under the terms of the new agreement, Aytu returns the NDA for NATESTO in the US back to Acerus. Going forward, Acerus will assume all regulatory and clinical responsibilities and costs for the product in the US Acerus will take on a more expansive role in matters such as US marketing, reimbursement and medical strategy as part of the companies joint commercialization committee. Aytu will retain its primary care sales force and will continue to book all product net revenue while serving as the exclusive US supplier of NATESTO to wholesalers, pharmacies and other customers that receive a direct shipment. Financial payments will be based upon a tiered level of net revenue, post cost of goods sold (COGS), based on annual sales performance in the respective Acerus and Aytu Sales Channels. This transaction is conditional on Acerus raising at least US$10 million in any combination of debt or equity by no later than January 29, 2020. In anticipation of the condition being satisfied, the Company has begun working with its partner, Syneos Health, to facilitate a launch by Acerus in early 2020.

Conference Call

Shareholders are reminded that the conference call to discuss the Companys results for the three- and nine-month period ending September 30, 2019 will be held on Thursday, November 14, 2019 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time. To access the call live, please dial 416-340-2219 or 1-800-478-9326. Listeners are encouraged to dial in 10 minutes before the call begins to avoid delays.

A replay of the conference call will be available until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on Thursday, November 21, 2019 by dialing 905-694-9451 or 1-800-408-3053, using access code: 2401991#.

About AcerusAcerus Pharmaceuticals Corporation is a Canadian-based specialty pharmaceutical company focused on the development, manufacture, marketing and distribution of innovative, branded products that improve patient experience, with a primary focus in the field of mens health. The Company commercializes its products via its own salesforce in Canada, and through a global network of licensed distributors in the US and other territories.

Acerus shares trade on TSX under the symbol ASP and on the OTCQB under the symbol ASPCF. For more information, visit http://www.aceruspharma.com and follow us on Twitter and LinkedIn.

1 Non-IFRS Financial Measures - EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDAThe non-IFRS measures included in this press release are not recognized measures under IFRS and do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. When used, these measures are defined in such terms as to allow the reconciliation to the closest IFRS measure. These measures are provided as additional information to complement those IFRS measures by providing further understanding of our results of operations from our perspective. Accordingly, they should not be considered in isolation nor as a substitute for analysis of our financial information reported under IFRS. Despite the importance of these measures to management in goal setting and performance measurement, we stress that these are non-IFRS measures that may have limits in their usefulness to investors.

We use non-IFRS measures, such as EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to provide investors with a supplemental measure of our operating performance and thus highlight trends in our core business that may not otherwise be apparent when relying solely on IFRS financial measures. We also believe that securities analysts, investors and other interested parties frequently use non-IFRS measures in the valuation of issuers. We also use non-IFRS measures in order to facilitate operating performance comparisons from period to period, prepare annual operating budgets, and to assess our ability to meet our future debt service, capital expenditure and working capital requirements.

The definition and reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA used and presented by the Company to the most directly comparable IFRS measures follows below:

EBITDA is defined as net (loss)/income adjusted for income tax, depreciation of property and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, interest on long-term debt and other financing costs, interest income, licensing revenue and changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments. Management uses EBITDA to assess the Companys operating performance.

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA adjusted for, as applicable, royalty expenses associated with triggering events, milestones, share based compensation, impairment of intangible asset, foreign exchange (gain)/loss and the impact of charges related to a product recall. We use Adjusted EBITDA as a key metric in assessing our business performance when we compare results to budgets, forecasts and prior years. Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is an alternative measure of cash flow generation than, for example, cash flow from operations, particularly because it removes cash flow fluctuations caused by extraordinary changes in working capital. A reconciliation of net (loss)/income to EBITDA (and Adjusted EBITDA) is set out below.

2019

2018

2019

2018

$

(4,612

)

$

(2,871

)

$

(12,246

)

$

(13,735

)

-

2

-

2

177

447

642

1,300

64

Read more:
Acerus Reports Third Quarter and Year-to-Date Fiscal 2019 Financial Results - Business Wire

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November 15, 2019 (WORLD Magazine) Activists appear to have two approaches to controlling the narrative concerning transgender athletes' successes in women's sports: Attack the critics, or keep things hush-hush.

Neither has proven particularly effective at quelling a controversy that needn't exist, isn't going away, and really has only one solution.

Rachel (formerly Rhys) McKinnon went on the offensive after defending his 200-meter sprint title in the women's 3539 age group at the Masters Track Cycling Championships in Manchester, England, in late October. After setting a world record during qualifying, McKinnon won the race for the second straight year by four-tenths of a second, or roughly 15 meters in a race typically decided by centimeters.

In the wake of victory, McKinnon blasted those who decry the unfairness of biological males defeating women: "I have yet to meet a real champion who wants trans women banned," the 37-year-old Canadian said. "If you win because bigotry got your competition banned ... you're a loser."

Meanwhile, publicity handlers tried in vain to keep June (formerly Jonathan) Eastwood's transgender status quiet after the Big Sky Conference named the University of Montana cross-country runner its Female Athlete of the Week in late October. Eastwood received the honor after placing second in the women's race at Santa Clara University's Bronco Invitational in Sunnyvale, Calif.

In touting Eastwood's accolade, both the Big Sky and Montana websites failed to mention that Eastwood had competed as a male with moderate success as recently as last year. Eastwood's bio on the Montana women's cross-country website omits the senior's prior running experience entirely.

Something similar happened with CeCe (formerly Craig) Telfer of New Hampshire's Franklin Pierce University afterhe wonthe NCAA Division II title in the women's 400-meter hurdles last spring. And yet, Eastwood's transgender status, like Telfer's, still surfaced not least becauseThe Missoulian, the newspaper that covers Montana athletics in the university's home city of Missoula, ran a preseason profile hailing Eastwood's history-making turn as the NCAA's first openly transgender cross-country runner.

While Union Cycliste Internationale, cycling's international governing body, has a testosterone threshold that biological males cannot exceed if they wish to compete as women, the NCAA has none: The governing body for major-college sports simply requires biologically male athletes to take testosterone-suppressing hormones for at least one year. McKinnon and Eastwood have apparently done enough to comply with the rules of their sports' respective governing bodies.

Still, science is proving that even after taking testosterone-suppressing hormones, biologically male athletes retain competitive advantages over women:The Journal of Medical Ethicspublished a study in August stating that biological males do not lose significant muscle mass or power after suppressing their testosterone levels below International Olympic Committeestandards. The study also found that biological males who suppress their testosterone levels can retain and rebuild their muscle mass, power, and strength through training.

Some, like McKinnon, say transgender athletes should be able to compete according to their gender identity and without suppressing their testosterone levels. They might counter any arguments about unfairness by pointing to Eastwood's performance at the Big Sky cross-country championships on Nov. 2: He placed eighth proof that biological males are not automatically better than biological women in head-to-head competition.

However, Eastwood never placed higher than 24that a Big Sky championship meet when running against men. In other words, even if he wasn't faster than every woman who competed on Nov. 2, he was still faster than most and he displaced one from earning all-conference honors.

In light of the study's findings, the only real way to ensure competitive fairness in women's sports is to keep men out.

Published with permission from WORLD Magazine.

Continued here:
Why men who compete as female will always have an unfair advantage over real women - Lifesite

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Through hormone replacement therapy, transgender women can receive estrogen to counteract testosterone and transgender men can receive testosterone to counteract estrogen, said Patricia Kress, the medical director of Student Health Service on campus.

Its a critical resource we have here on campus, Chris Jorgenson, the director of the Gender and Sexuality Resource Center, said.

Jorgenson said on campus, students are able to initiate hormone therapy if they have not yet done so prior to coming to campus, or are able to continue hormone therapy if they have already started elsewhere.

Its critical that we support trans people not only in social transitioning but if there are any medical transitions that they want to undertake, he said.

The mental health outcomes are incredible for people who are allowed to take steps to align themselves physically with who they are and how they identify, Jorgenson said.

If they are coming to Student Health Service on campus, visits are completely free, Kress said.

Right now if a transgender male comes in and needs this routine lab work done during a visit, the price is $74, Kress said.

The routine lab consists of checkups six months after the first meeting, 12 months out, and then once a year after that.

For transgender men, clinicians need to test testosterone levels to see if the medicine is working and to keep track of cholesterol, complete blood count, kidney function and blood sugar, she said.

The first year is a little expensive but once you get through that its not so bad, Kress said.

Outside of the university, that $74 panel would easily cost $700 to $1000, so here on campus, the treatment is much more inexpensive compared to other clinics, Kress said.

For transgender females, the blood tests are around $50 because we dont have to do that testosterone level, she said.

For some of these students whose parents cut them off, they have no financial support.

We dont want to make things harder for them by having the treatment be so expensive, Kress said.

The clinicians monitor the students feedback to the dosages very closely, Kress said.

When hormone therapy starts it can be a very exciting time but it also can be rocky with dips in the road, Kress said.

There are counseling services available throughout the process to make sure that the students receiving the treatment feel safe and supported and that the transgender students are doing whats best for them, Kress said.

Its kind of amazing because some students, after you give them that first dosage of the hormone they need, theyre like oh my gosh, a piece of the puzzle has been finally found. Its really powerful, she said. Kress spends a full hour with students at the first appointment, a half-hour at the next two meetings and then sees them in a follow-up within a month, she said.

We have plenty of time to be with them and not be rushed and to explore any concerns either of us would have the students or myself, Kress said.

Hormone therapy is not nearly as groundbreaking as people seem to believe, Jorgenson said, as prescribing hormones has been the norm for a long time.

Gender is very complicated, Jorgensen said.

There has been a lot of research conducted in order to further understand gender identity, whether it is merely the result of choices that we make or if it is a complex aspect of identity that is rooted in our brain, Jorgensen said.

One prominent hypothesis on the basis of gender dysphoria is that sexual differentiation of the genitals occurs separately from sexual differentiation of the brain in utero, making it possible that the body can veer in one direction and the mind in another, according to an article on The Scientist website, Are the Brains of Transgender People Different from Those of Cisgender People.

At the root of this idea is the notion that gender itselfthe sense of which category one belongs in, as opposed to biological sexis determined in the womb for humans, the article said.

We have been operating at this false assumption that ones body automatically presupposes their gender identity, Jorgenson said, and the research thus far since the early 90s just has not borne that out.

Erickson can be reached at [emailprotected]

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The film follows Carroll Shelby (played by Matt Damon), a retired driver turned engineer who is contracted by the execs Henry Ford II (Tracy Letts) and Lee Iacocca (Jon Bernthal) to build out Fords racing division. Shelby brings aboard Ken Miles (Christian Bale), a stubborn Brit with a colossal chip on his shoulder and an attitude far from the anodyne politeness thats expected at Ford. Much of the movies two-and-a-half-hour running time revolves around Shelbys corporate battles to convince his bosses that Miles belongs in the drivers seat. But the heart of the film is in the oily garages below the executive suites, where Fords mechanics and drivers strive to create a machine worthy of challenging Ferraris perfection.

Whenever Mangold and his cinematographer Phedon Papamichael are shooting racing footage, Ford v Ferrari practically vibrates off the screen. Car racing in the 1960s was still intense and raw (the technology behind functioning brakes was primitive at best), and Mangold works to convey just how death-defying and brutal the day-long Le Mans race was for a driver. Fords offices, meanwhile, are burnished and beautiful tableaus of mid-century modernity, expensive-looking exhibitions of American wealth that are just as crucial to the companys image as the factory floor. Letts gives a quietly nasty performance as Ford II, emphasizing the CEOs vanity and churlishness as much as the resources at his disposal.

The biggest conflict in Ford v Ferrari isnt the automakers contest, but Shelby and Miless struggle to maintain their integrity while pleasing their corporate overlords. Amid all the testosterone, characters like Mollie Miles (Caitriona Balfe), Kens wife, have few opportunities to shine. Though the script (by Jason Keller and Jez and John-Henry Butterworth) tries to give Balfe a few scenes that assert her personality, shes largely confined to the stock role of frustrated but supportive partner. Noah Jupe, who plays Ken and Mollies plucky son, Peter, gets similarly lost.

Still, the climax of the film, which details all the unpredictable twists of the race itself, brings home the themes Mangold has been working to flesh out. Ford v Ferrari couldve been an easy tale of a dark horse winning against a runaway sporting favorite, but the reality of the 1966 Le Mans contest was much stranger. The movie rejects hackneyed storytelling tropes to depict the limits of ingenuity in the face of capitalistic might, and the result is a rich crowd-pleaser with a pessimistic edge.

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