| Search Weight Loss Topics: |
ISHARES VI PLC (THE ‘COMPANY’) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP … – MoneyMakingArticles
Hgh 
Comments Off on ISHARES VI PLC (THE ‘COMPANY’) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP … – MoneyMakingArticles
September 6, 2017 - By test
Shares of ISHARES VI PLC (THE COMPANY) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP BND GBP HDGD DIST (LON:GHYS) last traded at 103.29, representing a move of 0.31%, or 0.32 per share, on volume of 1,308 shares. After opening the trading day at 103.13, shares of ISHARES VI PLC (THE COMPANY) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP BND GBP HDGD DIST traded in a close range. ISHARES VI PLC (THE COMPANY) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP BND GBP HDGD DIST currently has a total float of shares and on average sees 1,306 shares exchange hands each day. The stock now has a 52-week low of 96.5 and high of 103.79.
The UK is one of the richest nations globally. It has long been among the driving forces behind the success of the European economy. It has been always been leveraging opportunities and maximizing its capabilities to execute its prospects.
Truthfully, Europe would not be the global leader that it is today if its not for the economic growth initiatives of countries such as the UK.
Similarly, investors can benefit from this revolutionary growth through time. By simply learning about the ins and outs of equity market in the UK, they, too, can succeed financially in their own ways.
The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is the primary stock exchange in the UK. Established in 1801, it is surely one of the first stock exchanges in the world.
With nearly 2,300 stocks listed on it and a total market valuation of more than 6 trillion, the LSE is the largest stock exchange in Europe. Worldwide, it is the third largest stock exchange.
The LSE Group (LSEG) oversees the operation of the LSE. In October 2007, it had been established from the consolidation of the LSE and the Borsa Italiana.
The regular trading session on the LSE opens at 8:00 a.m. and closes at 4:00 p.m.
The Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) 100 Index is the benchmark blue-chip index in the UK. It tracks the 100 largest stocks on the LSE based on free-float market capitalization, representing over 80% of the total market valuation on the LSE. ISHARES VI PLC (THE COMPANY) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP BND GBP HDGD DIST is a stock traded on the U.Ks stock exchange.
The FTSE 100 had been established on January 3, 1984 using a base value of 1,000 points. Currently, the FTSE Group, an LSEG subsidiary, oversees the operation of the FTSE 100. As of the third quarter, it has a total market valuation of 1.70 trillion.
Rebalancing of the FTSE 100 happens four times a year on a Wednesday immediately succeeding the first Friday of the months of March, June, September, and December. This helps maintain the actual representation of the FTSE 100. ISHARES VI PLC (THE COMPANY) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP BND GBP HDGD DIST has relatively good liquidity.
The FTSE 100 is a powerful indicator of the LSE but not of the UK economy because it is mostly composed of international stocks. The FTSE 250 is a more powerful indicator of the national economy for two reasons: 1) it tracks the 250 largest stocks on the LSE, making it a broader indicator; and 2) it is mostly composed of domestic stocks.
The FTSE 100 had touched an all-time low of 427.50 points in February 1978 and an all-time high of 7,103.98 points in April 2015. Meanwhile, on October 11, it had touched its best intraday high of 7,129 points.
The UK economy has gotten better and more progressive through time. It is indeed one of the fastest growing economies in the world not just in Europe.
There is no better way to bet on this valuable economic growth than to enter the equity market in the UK. Investors can expect rewarding investment returns by trading on the LSE. Professional analysts might be interested how this will affect ISHARES VI PLC (THE COMPANY) ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP BND GBP HDGD DIST.
- Enter your email address below to receive a concise daily summary of the latest news and analysts' ratings with our FREE daily email newsletter.
By test
Read the original:
ISHARES VI PLC (THE 'COMPANY') ISHRS GLBL HGH YLD CRP ... - MoneyMakingArticles
Trump Jr. Says He Wanted Russian Dirt to Determine Clinton’s ‘Fitness’ for Office – New York Times
Fitness Comments Off on Trump Jr. Says He Wanted Russian Dirt to Determine Clinton’s ‘Fitness’ for Office – New York Times
Mr. Trump sat down with committee investigators in the Capitol shortly before 9:30 a.m. and was expected to remain under questioning for several hours. The interview was being conducted by staff, but a handful of Democratic senators attended.
Mr. Trump entered the Capitol under cover and did not speak with reporters.
The June 2016 meeting came about after the younger Mr. Trump received an email from a family associate saying that potentially damaging information was being provided as part of the Russian governments support for his father. But in his statement on Thursday, he described his decision to agree to the meeting as the byproduct of the chaotic, seat-of-the pants campaign assembled by his father, rather than any attempt to collude with Russia.
Mr. Trump has given differing accounts of his contacts last year with Russians. He told the Times in March that he never met with Russians on behalf of the campaign, a statement his lawyer has since said was meant to refer to Russian government officials. In July, he described the Trump Tower meeting as primarily focused on the issue of Russian adoptions, before eventually acknowledging that he took the meeting because he was told Ms. Veselnitskaya had damaging information about Mrs. Clinton.
But intentionally misspeaking to Congress is a crime, giving his statement on Thursday added weight.
He told investigators that working for his fathers campaign consumed his life. I had never worked on a campaign before and it was an exhausting, all-encompassing, life-changing experience. Every single day I fielded dozens, if not hundreds, of emails and phone calls.
He is the second person connected to the Trump campaign to tell congressional investigators that the campaign was, essentially, too inexperienced and too unfamiliar with politics to pull off a master strategy let alone coordinate with the Russian government. Mr. Trumps brother-in-law, Jared Kushner, painted a similar picture during an interview with the Senate Intelligence Committee.
In his statement, Mr. Trump said he had some reservations about the June 2016 proposal from the meetings facilitator, Rob Goldstone, whom he described as a colorful music promoter he had come to know through the son of a Russian oligarch. Mr. Goldstone asked Mr. Trump to take a meeting that would include potentially damaging information about Mrs. Clinton.
Since I had no additional information to validate what Rob was saying, I did not quite know what to make of his email. I had no way to gauge the reliability, credibility or accuracy of any of the things he was saying, he said.
As it later turned out, my skepticism was justified. The meeting provided no meaningful information and turned out not to be about what had been represented.
In an email response to Mr. Goldstone, Mr. Trump wrote that if the promised information about Mrs. Clinton was as advertised, I love it.
As much as some have made of my using the phrase I love it, it was simply a colloquial way of saying that I appreciated Robs gesture, he said in his statement on Thursday.
See the rest here:
Trump Jr. Says He Wanted Russian Dirt to Determine Clinton's 'Fitness' for Office - New York Times
Fitness May Lower Breast Cancer Risk – New York Times
Fitness Comments Off on Fitness May Lower Breast Cancer Risk – New York Times
For the new study, which was published in July in Carcinogenesis, researchers at Colorado State University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City and the University of Michigan opted to focus on breast cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown that being physically fit is associated with lower risk for the disease, but not why.
Because they wanted to examine the role of innate fitness in the disease, the scientists turned to a famous strain of rats bred by Lauren Koch and Steven Britton at the University of Michigan. Over multiple generations, these rats were tested on treadmills. Those that ran the farthest before tiring were subsequently mated with one another, while those that pooped out early likewise were paired up, until, ultimately, the pups displayed a large difference in inborn fitness.
The researchers used female pups born to mothers with either notably high or low aerobic capacity. These young animals did not exercise, so their fitness depended almost exclusively on genetics.
Before the pups reached puberty, they were exposed to a chemical known to be a potent breast cancer trigger. The researchers then checked them frequently for palpable tumors throughout adulthood. They also looked, after the animals deaths, for signs of malignancies that had been too small to feel and microscopically examined breast cells for various markers of cell health.
The differences between the animals with high and low fitness turned out to be striking. The rats with low natural fitness were about four times as likely to develop breast cancer as the rats with high fitness were, and showed more tumors once the disease began. They also tended to contract the disease earlier and continue to develop tumors later in life compared with highly fit rats.
The contrasts between the two types of rats continued deep inside their cells. The researchers found almost inverted relationships in how certain aspects of the cells worked, and in particular, in the operation of what is known as the mTOR network. Shorthand for mammalian target of rapamycin, the mTOR network is a group of interlinked proteins within a cell that sense how much energy is available, depending on levels of oxygen and other factors, and let the cell know if there is enough energy around for it to divide and replicate.
In the rats with high fitness in this study, the mTOR networks typically produced biochemical signals that tell cells to avoid dividing much, while in the rats with low fitness, the mTOR networks pumped out messages that would generally promote cell division. Unchecked cell division is a hallmark of cancer.
Past studies have noted that women with breast cancer often show hyperactive mTOR networks.
Of course, this study involved rats, which are not people. But the findings have potential relevance for us, says Henry J. Thompson, the director of the Cancer Prevention Lab at Colorado State University and the studys lead author.
The study underscores the pervasive effects of fitness on bodily health, he says. Even without exercise, the pups born with high fitness were remarkably resistant to breast cancer in this study, he says, and showed fine-tuned cell function.
Most of us are likely to be able to raise our particular innate fitness capacity with exercise, he says.
In future studies, he and his colleagues hope to use the Michigan rats to learn more about the precise types and amounts of exercise that might best augment fitness, especially in those born with low capacity, and the subsequent effects on cell health and cancer risk.
Read the original post:
Fitness May Lower Breast Cancer Risk - New York Times
Liverpool to take caution with Philippe Coutinho’s fitness – Jurgen Klopp – ESPN FC
Fitness Comments Off on Liverpool to take caution with Philippe Coutinho’s fitness – Jurgen Klopp – ESPN FC
Brazil have fun at the expense of a mascot, Marcelo dazzles in training and plenty more in The Sweeper. Paul Mariner says Philippe Coutinho must honor his contract now that he'll remain with Liverpool. Zlatan Ibrahimovic and Philippe Coutinho are among the surprise UCL inclusions for Manchester United and Liverpool respectively.
Jurgen Klopp says Liverpool need to be careful with the fitness of Philippe Coutinho after he returned to Merseyside following international duty with Brazil.
Coutinho did not appear in any of Liverpool's first five games of the season with what the club say was a back injury and then illness, having handed in a transfer request as he sought a move to Barcelona.
However, the playmaker appeared as a second-half substitute on two occasions for Brazil over the recent international break, scoring against Ecuador in a World Cup qualifier.
Speaking to the Liverpool's website, Klopp was asked about the condition of Coutinho and Roberto Firmino after their travels with Brazil and said: "It's a little bit different.
"Roberto played in the second game a little bit longer, but both are fit so that's cool, they're healthy so now we have to see.
"It's of course different because Phil, I know what people think, but Phil had the back problem a few weeks ago and couldn't train so that means he missed around about three weeks.
"Yes, he went to the national team and trained normally, but now we have to prepare for a normal season so we have seven games [before the next international break] and we saw training this morning and thought: 'OK, maybe we should use him immediately' because he was really good, but that doesn't make sense.
"We have now to continue with the preseason, not too long, but in a few sessions we have to give ourselves the time because in the next month we have seven games.
"We always have the same decision to make, 'does he need training or can he play?' and all that stuff. Yes, he will now do a little bit more than the other boys but he showed up in a very, very good mood and looks really promising."
Klopp has previously stated that Coutinho would be welcomed back into his fold, with Liverpool remaining firm in their stance that the player would not sold, having rejected three offers from Spain.
After Coutinho reported back to the club's training ground on Thursday, Klopp said he had spoken to the 25-year-old.
"Of course -- all good, all good," the Liverpool manager added. "Nothing else to say, actually, so he's back and we had a really good conversation, so good."
Follow @ESPNFC on Twitter to keep up with the latest football updates.
See the article here:
Liverpool to take caution with Philippe Coutinho's fitness - Jurgen Klopp - ESPN FC
ASU Human Performance Lab can help reach fitness goals – Valley Courier
Fitness Comments Off on ASU Human Performance Lab can help reach fitness goals – Valley Courier
ALAMOSA Reach your fitness goals with help from the Adams State University Human Performance and Physical Education (HPPE) Department. HPPE continues to offer the community a variety of affordable fitness tests. Testing will be located in the Human Performance Lab room 106, located in the East Campus Building.
Dr. Tracey Robinson, professor of HPPE, and graduate assistant Alex Jordan will conduct the tests from 5 p.m. until 7 p.m. every Thursday. Fitness testing appointments are mandatory.
Robinson and Jordan are more than willing to help identify current fitness levels and develop individualized fitness plans based on personal goals, needs, and physical limitations. Lifestyle modifications are not easy on your own, graduate students can give the personal drive you need.
Fitness tests available include VO2 Max $50, Wingate anaerobic power test $10, FitnessAge $15, and body composition $10.
The VO2 max test is an aerobic endurance assessment of the maximum amount of oxygen a body is able to utilize during high intensity aerobic activity. The lab also tests your blood lactate levels to assess individual lactate thresholds, which are used to determine proper training intensities for maximal benefit. Test time is approximately 45 minutes.
The Wingate power test is an assessment of anaerobic power. It consists of a 30 second maximal effort on a cycle ergometer; test time approximately 10 minutes.
Body composition assessment consists of skin fold measurements from several sites on the body. Measurements can determine body fat percentage as well as lean mass; test time is approximately 5 minutes.
The FitnessAge test is a comprehensive assessment of muscular strength and endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Individual test results are compiled to give an overall fitness age. Test time is approximately 20 minutes.
To set up an appointment, contact Robinson at [emailprotected] or 719-587-7663; or Jordan at [emailprotected]; or 719-587-7246.
Caption: Under the supervision of Dr. Tracey Robinson, the Adams State Performance Lab offers fitness testing every Thursday.Courtesy photo by Daniel Parsons
Read the original post:
ASU Human Performance Lab can help reach fitness goals - Valley Courier
Fitness Band Locks Kids’ Devices Until Physical Activity Goals Are Met – SportTechie
Fitness Comments Off on Fitness Band Locks Kids’ Devices Until Physical Activity Goals Are Met – SportTechie
For all the good that tablets and mobile devices do for children, they also have downsides. Apps, movies and TV shows aplenty means theyre less likely to go out and be active. Becoming accustomed to a sedentary lifestyle at an early age only builds bad habits. To find a happy-medium between screen time and play time, PlayGoal is introducing a fitness band that locks devices until fitness goals are met.
This fitness band can change lives for good and actually motivate children to take part in more physical activity, Brittany Oler, a founder of PlayGoal, said in a statement. It helps create a system whereby you, the parent, no longer have to play the bad cop and your child feels he or she is in control. We are really excited about the launch and believe this will be one of the most innovative technologies of 2017.
Get The Latest Sports Tech News In Your Inbox!
The touchscreen band works by being paired with PlayGoals Android app. From the app, parents can set specific physical goals for their children. Once the goals are met, only then will their devices be unlocked.
As a parent, you might require 1,000 steps for your child to have a half hour of screen time. Once a half hour is up the devices will re-lock themselves. No matter the numbers, it leaves you, the parent, in control of both your childs health and exposure to various devices.
The PlayGoal fitness band is available on Kickstarter where a pledge of $30 will get you a band and the app, along with other added features.
Visit link:
Fitness Band Locks Kids' Devices Until Physical Activity Goals Are Met - SportTechie
Live Online Fitness Training Program Coming This Fall – Hartford Courant
Fitness Comments Off on Live Online Fitness Training Program Coming This Fall – Hartford Courant
It seems as though no one has time to work out, but Your Fitness Network is here to make being fit possible for all.
The YFN is an interactive online training and fitness program and will feature live training sessions and meetings.
YFN is the brainchild of business consultant and pro-bodybuilder Guilaine Menefee, Menefee Associates Consulting, LLC, and certified personal trainer and pro bodybuilder Devon Pollard. Pollard often trains clients in Manchester. Menefee is one of Pollard's clients.
"We're looking to be a platform for people to look at fitness holistically," Menefee said. "Our goal is to talk to people about how fitness transcends in every aspect of your life. We want the experience to be holistic."
The YFN will focus on fitness training and nutrition but will also target the emotional, mental, time, financial, work, social, and family aspects of creating a new fitness lifestyle for even the busiest person, Pollard said.
Clients will learn how to utilize their surroundings and homes to work out. The program will teach more than just gym techniques, Menefee said.
"Professionals can do it at work on their breaks, stay-at-home moms can do it in the living room. We want to make it convenient for everyone," Pollard said.
Menefee said that home workouts will be perfect for those who don't want to go out on days with bad weather and can't make it to the gym.
As a part of joining the program, users will have the opportunity to engage with any of the coaches live to help meet their goals in a particular area and comprehensively, Menefee added.
"It's all about giving that personal touch which [a lot of online training programs] don't have," Pollard said. "We're not just giving you videos, we're watching you."
The idea for YFN was inspired from the lives of both Menefee and Pollard. They know firsthand how it is to juggle relationships, parenting, social life, business ventures, working out, and even body building. Competing professionally has given them a heightened experience of the physical, mental, and emotional aspects of a fitness lifestyle, Menefee said.
"Bodybuilding shows you mentally and emotionally how your body responds to food," Menefee said.
Pollard added that it can be frustrating to not see results from training hard but it could be clients' eating habits that hold them back.
"Our job is to educate people on these kind of things so they don't quit, because that will make you want to quit too, feeling that way," he said.
Meal preparation tips will also be offered. Clients will not only learn what and how much to eat, but also when to eat for maximum results. Menefee actually has when she should eat penciled on her calendar along with her daily activities, she said.
"You literally have to be on a clock and this is when the lifestyle portion comes in," Menefee said. "When to eat, how to eat, your bedtime it's all a factor."
Menefee and Pollard stressed that they are not trying to make everyone look like bodybuilders, but they want people to be healthy and get active.
"You can log in online at any time that fits your availability and we will help to push you and exercise you and you will get just as fantastic of a workout without the bulky equipment," Menefee said.
Trainers from YFN are currently running a pilot program with individuals in California, Georgia, Florida, and even as far as South Africa. Many of them are on the go and travel for work.
"You can be working or be on vacation and relax, but still sneak in that workout with a personal trainer," Menefee said.
The YFN will be accessible to everyone this fall.
See the original post here:
Live Online Fitness Training Program Coming This Fall - Hartford Courant
Treating Reflux With Diet – New York Times
Diet Comments Off on Treating Reflux With Diet – New York Times
Photo
A small study has found that a plant-based diet is just as effective as proton pump inhibitors in treating laryngopharyngeal reflux, or LPR.
LPR is a disease in which stomach acid comes up into the throat to the level of the laryngopharynx. It is not the same as gastro-esophageal reflux, or GERD, which involves a backflow of stomach acid into the lower esophagus.
The retrospective study, in JAMA Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, included 85 patients with an average age of 60 treated with the P.P.I.s Nexium and Dexilant, and 99 treated with alkaline water and the Mediterranean diet, a regimen low in meat and dairy, and rich in olive oil, nuts, fish, beans, fruits and vegetables. The study ran for six weeks.
The scientists used an index that measures severity of symptoms excess throat mucus, annoying cough, heartburn and others on a zero to 45-point scale.
In the P.P.I. group, 54 percent achieved a clinically significant six point reduction on the index, compared with 63 percent for the diet cohort. The average score reduction was 27 percent for those in the P.P.I. group and 40 percent for the dieters.
If you think you have LPR, you should do a diet-based approach, instead of initiating these drugs that have potential side effects, said the lead author, Dr. Craig H. Zalvan, chief of otolaryngology at Phelps Hospital in Sleepy Hollow, N.Y. A lot of patients with GERD symptoms also get better on the diet.
Read the original here:
Treating Reflux With Diet - New York Times
Pizza? Fried chicken? Cubs and White Sox players talk about their … – Chicago Tribune
Diet Comments Off on Pizza? Fried chicken? Cubs and White Sox players talk about their … – Chicago Tribune
Cubs and White Sox players and Cubs manager Joe Maddon discuss how nutrition has changed in baseball.
Joe Maddon on how fitness and nutrition have changed over the years
It's night and day. It's completely different. For a long time nobody really ... believed that a change in your diet or your methods of eating would actually help your performance. ... Even in 2008 in Tampa Bay we tried to do that with a large amount of revolt. ... But even going back before that, the spreads, whatever you want to call them, were just thrown out there without any kind of really message. There were Coke machines, soda machines, those little dispensers, the 7-Eleven stuff was all over the place. Nobody was really paying attention.
Like 2005 or so, 2010 in that area, it has become more prominent. I think guys have really understood that, 'Hey, it does make a difference what I put in there.' It just makes all the sense in the world. Even though the education may have been out there nobody was really listening. So I think it's absolutely here to stay. This is not going to go away. Everybody is going to continue to try and improve their methods regarding nurturing themselves. And it's a good thing. It's actually a really good thing. Right now, every place we go over the last couple of years it's even gotten better because we're paying so much attention to it.
Pitcher Nate Jones on how his diet changed
In the minor leagues, they start teaching you about what's good and not good to eat. Once you get up here, you start adding vitamins and supplements. I stay away from anything greasy and fatty foods. Even though they taste good I try to stay away from them. You realize how important fish is and obviously grilled chicken breast. Little bit of red meat here and there and, of course, all the vegetables you can eat.
Mike Montgomery on nutrition
I'm very aware of it. They do a good job of providing us with stuff that is healthy and supplements that you maybe don't know but, hey, this will really help your recovery. That's pretty cool that they do that. You're aware that you want to feel good or play good you want to give yourself the best chance and feel as good as you can.
Montgomery on foods he eats to stay healthy
It's just really a lot of fruits and vegetables. That's very important recovery-wise and getting the right proteins. And just staying away from fatty foods, fast food. I'm not a super health freak, but I try to be a little bit conscious of it. I'd rather just go with that healthier option.
Ben Zobrist on his diet
When I was younger I'd eat whatever I wanted. It didn't matter. Now you just feel the effects a lot more as you're into your mid-30s.
I always eat greens. I always take vitamins. I always drink a lot of water. During the season when you're playing every day you have to get a lot of calories and protein. I watch a little bit more of the bread intake. Just simple sugars. I try to keep down the simple sugars and keep filling my stomach with natural vitamins. I think greens are the thing that, I'm always like, 'I know I have to eat this.' I have to keep eating these vegetables, fruit, stuff like that.
Zobrist on his cheat food
Usually like something very bready like pasta. I can't do that multiple days in a row. I can do that once a week, maybe just crush a bunch of pasta because I need the calories and carbs. I try to watch that a little bit more.
Montgomery's cheat food
Fried chicken. I love me some fried chicken.
Pitcher Zach Putnam on his diet
I eat a lot of seafood. But my diet changes from what part of the year it is. During the season you're constantly in recovery mode, so a lot of proteins and particularly fish and chicken. During the offseason I try to go low-carb to try and keep my body lean and trim and stuff. That provides its own challenges. Eating a grilled chicken breast and a salad on paper sounds great, but day 30 in a row of that, you're asking where the real food is at. It's a constant battle for me to maintain sanity and also walk that line between what's healthy, what's tasty.
Infielder Matt Davidson on healthy foods he enjoys
I eat a lot of vegetables. Kevan Smith and I, we started in spring training where we would eat handfuls of raw spinach. We're not afraid of anything that doesn't taste good.
Putnam on his cheat foods
I'll go six days of just completely clean eating and like a Saturday or Sunday, sit down in front of the TV for some football and where I live, there's a cheesesteak place that's a regular stop for me on a cheat day. Pretty usual stuff: cheeseburgers, tacos, pizza, buffalo wings. Really, I try to do a really good job on the other six days so I can appreciate the cheat day.
Jones on his cheat foods
I would call that a pizza night. We even try it at home, because I have two kids, we even try to do a homemade pizza and sometimes my wife does a cauliflower crust for it and that makes it even better.
See the rest here:
Pizza? Fried chicken? Cubs and White Sox players talk about their ... - Chicago Tribune
Buck Institute study suggests high fat diet may be healthy – The Mercury News
Diet Comments Off on Buck Institute study suggests high fat diet may be healthy – The Mercury News
In the Woody Allen movie Sleeper, health-store owner Miles Monroe is awakened after being cryogenically frozen for 200 years to discover that deep fat, steak, cream pies and hot fudge are now regarded as health foods.
Two new studies one by scientists at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging and the other led by a professor at the University of California, Davis have produced similarly counterintuitive results.
The two independent mouse studies found that a ketogenic diet high fat, low protein and extremely low carbohydrates significantly improved memory in aging mice and increased the animals chances of surviving to old age. Both studies have been published in the Sept. 5 issue of Cell Metabolism.
I think the reason why the paper was published in a high-profile journal like Cell Metabolism is probably for that very reason, said Eric Verdin, CEO of the Buck Institute and senior author of the Buck Institute study. It sort of puts the whole world upside down in terms of what people think they should be doing.
The establishment has been pushing low-fat diets for the last 30 years and we only have a population that is getting more and more obese and developing more and more problems, Verdin said.
What these papers will hopefully do is force people to revisit some of their assumptions about what is and is not healthy, he said.
BENEFITS QUESTIONED
The health benefits of a low-fat diet were called into question by a major federal study in 2006, which found that such a diet had no effect on the risk of heart disease or cancer.
In the Buck Institutes study, mice were fed three diets: a normal high-carbohydrate diet, a zero-carbohydrate ketogenic diet and a high fat, low carbohydrate diet that was not ketogenic.
The mice fed the zero-carbohydrate ketogenic diet had a lower risk of dying as they aged from 1 to 2 years old, although their maximum lifespan remained unchanged. These mice performed at least as well on memory tests at old age as they did at middle age. Mice fed the normal diet demonstrated an expected age-associated decline.
The other study, overseen by Jon Ramsey, a professor at UC Davis, also found that the mice fed a ketogenic diet maintained physical fitness, such as grip strength, in old age.
The magnitude of the changes surprised me, Ramsey said.
Previous animal studies had shown that calorie restriction delays aging. It has been shown that both fasting and exercise can trigger ketosis, in which the liver ramps up production of the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate acid (BHB) to provide energy for organs, especially the brain.
CELL SIGNALING
In 2012, Verdin and colleagues published a paper in the journal Science that showed that in addition to acting as a fuel, BHB also produced cell signaling.
One of the major pathways that controls aging is insulin signaling, Verdin said. Insulin is the hormone that one uses for metabolizing carbohydrates, so the idea was if the mice did not have any carbohydrates they would have low insulin signaling and therefore would age more slowly.
And that is what both Verdin and Ramsey found in their new studies.
Verdin said that ketogenic research is still in its early days. While ketogenic diets are used clinically for life-threatening conditions such as epilepsy, he cautioned that most people should consult a doctor before trying it on their own.
There are no guarantees that research on mice will accurately predict effects on humans. For example, mice fed a ketogenic diet will eventually become obese. In Verdins study, the mice were periodically taken off the ketogenic diet to control their weight while the Ramsey study limited the calories given to the mice.
Humans fed a ketogenic diet, however, typically lose weight.
In fact, an early approximation of the ketogenic diet was promoted by Dr. Robert Atkins, a cardiologist who prior to his death in 2003 advocated a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet.
What were proposing is sort of a revised version of the Atkins diet, Verdin said.
CHOLESTEROL
Verdin said even though the mice in his study were fed Crisco, there appeared to be no negative effect on their hearts or cholesterol levels.
Actually, we did not see any of this, Verdin said. That is a very paradoxical thing. This diet tends to improve cholesterol and triglycerides.
Verdin said while more research needs to be done, There is a whole group of biohackers who are not waiting for us to the do the clinical trials.
For example, Bulletproof Executive, a Seattle-based company, sells Bulletproof Coffee: a coffee blended with butter from grass-fed cows. According to Bulletproof founder Dave Asprey, he was inspired to create the ketogenic beverage after imbibing a cup of tea mixed with yak butter during a trek in the Himalayas.
Verdin said people following the ketogenic diet have reported improved mental function, including increased clarity and powers of concentration. The Verdin lab is exploring beneficial effects of a ketogenic diet in a mouse model of Alzheimers disease.
Adhering to a ketogenic diet which prohibits the consumption of virtually any fruit, bread, pasta, rice, potatoes or other carbohydrate is notoriously difficult, Verdin said.
In the long run if we want this type of discovery to really have an impact we have to be looking to directly administer the ketone bodies themselves, Verdin said. That is one direction were working on. Weve synthesized a whole series of these BHB precursors and were feeding them to mice to see if we can recapture some of the same effects as with the whole diet.
Link:
Buck Institute study suggests high fat diet may be healthy - The Mercury News