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Pope Francisbroke the ice with First LadyMelaniaat theVatican on Wednesday by asking ifa traditional Slovenian dish contributed to President Donald Trumps large stature.

As Melania shook hands with the pope during the visit, Pope Francis saidin Spanish through his interpreter pointing toward Trump, What do you give him to eat?! Potica?

Potica, yes, the Slovenian-born first lady said with a laughbefore stepping aside.

The pontiff was referring to a sweet bread usuallyfilled with nuts (but can also include poppyseed, cottage cheese, hazelnut, chocolate, honey or other ingredients)from her homeland and not pizza, as some onlookers mistakenly heard.

One of the popes attendants also gave Melania a small object, which she hadPope Francis bless.

The presidents eating habits have been the talk of Twitter before, notably when Trump shared a photo of himself using silverware to eatan eight-piece bucket meal from KFC with a side of mashed potatoes and gravy. Hesalso known to eattwo scoops of ice cream during dessert, while his guests receive just one.

WATCH:Oprah Shares Some Of Her Favorite Foods For Weight Loss

During a September interview withDr. Mehmet Oz, a health exam from a doctorshowed that Trump is overweight for his heightat63 and 236 pounds.

I think I could lose a little weight, Trump admitted. Ive always been a little bit this way. I think that if I had one thing, Id like to lose weight. Its tough because of the way I live. But the one thing I would like to do is be able to drop 15 to 20 pounds. It would be good.

Despite the joking exchange with the first lady,onlookers described the meeting between Pope Francis and the president as stiff. In the first minutes of the meeting, the pope did not say anything to Trump and did not smile.

Melaniaand First DaughterIvankastrictly stuck tothe dress code,wearing long-sleeved black dresses and veils for thevisit to the Vatican just days after they ditched headscarvesin Saudi Arabia.

Per Vatican protocol, women who have an audience with the pope are required to wear long sleeves, formal black clothing, and a veil to cover the head, Stephanie Grisham, the first ladys communications director, told CNN.

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Pope Francis Questions Melania About President Trump's Diet: 'What Do You Give Him to Eat?' - PEOPLE.com

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By Serena Gordon

HealthDay Reporter

TUESDAY, May 23, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Fiber helps lower cholesterol, stabilize blood sugar levels and keep the bowels running smoothly, but a new study suggests it can also reduce knee pain from arthritis.

Researchers found that people who ate the most fiber reported reduced osteoarthritis knee pain by up to 60 percent. However, X-rays did not show any difference in their knees compared to those who consumed less fiber.

A second study looked at the effects of the dietary supplement chondroitin on knee pain. That study -- sponsored by a maker of the supplements -- found that taking chondroitin daily was linked to less knee pain and improved function.

But at least two bone specialists noted that the potent type of chondroitin used in the study probably isn't available in the United States, and the safety of long-term daily use of the supplement is unknown.

Both studies were published online May 23 in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.

"With both of these studies, the danger is that people are thinking they're making a change in their arthritis, but they may only be masking the pain. Neither study has proven a change in the natural history of osteoarthritis," explained Dr. Victor Khabie, who was not involved with the studies. He is co-director of the Orthopedic and Spine Institute at Northern Westchester Hospital, in Mount Kisco, N.Y.

Fiber is found in fruits, vegetables, nuts and whole grains. It helps to make people feel full and reduce calorie intake. Fiber is also believed to reduce inflammation, the researchers said.

The fiber study looked at data from two other studies. One included nearly 5,000 people who had or were at risk of osteoarthritis. Their health has been monitored since at least 2006, when their average age was 61.

The second set of data came from the Framingham Offspring study, and included just over 1,200 people. That study began in 1971, and includes data from 1993 to 1994, when the average age of participants was 54. They were followed until 2002-2005.

In the first group, median fiber intake ranged from 21 grams a day to 9 grams a day. In the Framingham group, the highest group ate a median of 26 grams daily. The lowest group had nearly 14 grams daily.

People who ate the most fiber were at lower risk of developing osteoarthritis knee pain, the study found. For those in the first group who ate the most fiber, the risk went down by 30 percent. For those in the Framingham group who ate the most fiber, the risk was 61 percent less than those who ate the least fiber.

The researchers also found that people who ate more fiber were less likely to have worsening knee pain.

Lead researcher Zhaoli Dai, a postdoctoral researcher at Boston University, said, "There is a strong link among obesity, inflammation and painful knee osteoarthritis. We speculate that eating more fiber increases satiety and therefore reduces total caloric intake and reduces body weight."

But Dai added that because the study is an observational one, it can't prove a cause-and-effect relationship.

Dr. Matthew Hepinstall is associate director of the Lenox Hill Hospital Center for Joint Preservation & Reconstruction in New York City.

He agreed that the study cannot prove a causal relationship.

"Nevertheless, when combined with recently published data suggesting lower rates of osteoarthritis progression in patients who lose weight -- also only an association -- a picture is emerging that healthy lifestyles may have measurable effects on the risk of progressive osteoarthritis pain," Hepinstall said.

But he noted that plenty of people who maintain healthy and active lifestyles also develop painful osteoarthritis. So, Hepinstall added that "a high-fiber diet should not be seen as a proven strategy for preventing arthritis."

Dai said: "As the average intake of fiber is about 15 grams per day among Americans. This amount is way below the recommended nutritional goal according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020, which recommends 22.4 grams/day for women and 28 grams/day for men aged 51 years and above."

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020, a usual serving of high-fiber cereal contains 9 or more grams of fiber. A cup of navy beans provides nearly 10 grams, and an apple has about 5 grams of fiber.

The second study looked at chondroitin sulfate. It's a chemical found naturally in the cartilage of the knee, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The study included more than 600 people from five European countries who had been diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis. The patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups.

One group was given 800 milligrams (mg) of "pharmaceutical grade" chondroitin daily and one placebo pill to mimic 200 mg of the pain reliever celecoxib (Celebrex). Another group was given a 200-mg celecoxib pill and a placebo to mimic the chondroitin pill. The third group was given two placebo pills.

The study lasted six months. Doctors assessed the study participants at one, three and six months.

Reductions in pain and improvements in joint function were greater in people treated with chondroitin or celecoxib at three and six months. The researchers said that chondroitin provided similar relief to celecoxib.

Khabie said, "It looks like there's an anti-inflammatory or pain-relieving effect when chondroitin is taken in a very purified, very well-controlled state, but that's probably not what's available off-the-shelf [in the United States]." He noted that chondroitin is a supplement, and in the United States supplements aren't regulated in the same way that drugs are.

Khabie also said that the safety of taking chondroitin long-term isn't known.

Hepinstall echoed Khabie's concerns about the chondroitin study, but also said chondroitin might be "particularly well-suited for patients who cannot take NSAID medications." NSAIDs, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, include ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Aleve) and aspirin.

WebMD News from HealthDay

SOURCES: Zhaoli Dai, Ph.D., postdoctoral researcher, Boston University; Victor Khabie, M.D., chief, department of surgery, chief, sports medicine, and co-director of the Orthopedic and Spine Institute, Northern Westchester Hospital, Mount Kisco, N.Y.; Matthew S. Hepinstall, M.D., associate director, Lenox Hill Hospital Center for Joint Preservation and Reconstruction, New York City; May 23, 2017, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, online

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Brent Herrig Photography

With summer right around the corner, now just might be thetime to give in to the program everyone has been talkingabout Whole30.

The purpose of the dietis not specifically to lose weight, but rather to reset your relationship with your health and with food, according to the co-creator and the Whole30 Cookbook author Melissa Hartwig.

For 30 days, you eliminate foods deemed problematic by researchsuch as additives, sugar and refined carbs then you slowly reintroduce those foods to track changes in how you feel.

The program has taken the social media world by storm, withpeople posting their recipes, tips and encouraging each other to stick to it for the whole month.

If you havent jumped on board just yet, here are a days worth ofrecipes to help get you started. As youll notice, the key to sticking to the diet whilestaying full is hearty proteins (yes, even bacon) balanced with large portions of fruits and veggies.

RELATED:5 Tips to Jump Start Summer WeightLoss

2 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil, divided 1 medium-size sweet potato, peeled and cut into 8 (-in.-thick) rounds tsp. table salt, divided tsp. black pepper, divided 2 tsp. white vinegar 4 large eggs 1 garlic clove, minced 4 oz. baby spinach 4 Whole30-compliant bacon slices (such as Wellshire), cooked crisp and broken in half Whole30-compliant hot sauce (such as Tabasco)

1. Heat 1 tablespoon olive oil in a large skillet over medium. Add sweet potatoes in a single layer, and cook until fork-tender and browned on both sides, 3 to 5 minutes per side. Transfer to a plate, and sprinkle with 1/8 teaspoon each salt and pepper.

2. Fill a wide saucepan with 3 inches of water. Add vinegar, and bring to a boil over high. Crack each egg into a separate small bowl. Gently slide each egg into boiling water. Remove pan from heat, cover, and let stand 3 minutes for soft yolks or 5 minutes for firm yolks. Using a slotted spoon, remove eggs from pan, and place on a plate lined with paper towels.

3. Heat remaining 1 tablespoon oil in skillet over medium. Add garlic, and cook, stirring constantly, until fragrant, about 30 seconds. Stir in spinach, and cook, stirring, until wilted, about 1 minute. Stir in remaining 1/8 teaspoon each salt and pepper.

4. Stack 2 sweet-potato rounds, and top evenly with spinach, bacon and poached egg. Top with a dash of hot sauce.

Serves: 2 Active time: 5 minutes Total time: 25 minutes

RELATED:These Main Dish RecipesAre All Under 350 Calories and So Satisfying

3 tbsp. white wine vinegar 1 tsp. Whole30-compliant Dijon mustard (such as Annies) 10 pitted kalamata olives, finely chopped 1 anchovy fillet, minced 1 garlic clove, minced 1/3 cup extra-virgin olive oil tsp. black pepper 4 small Yukon Gold potatoes 1 tsp. table salt 6-8 fresh asparagus stalks, trimmed 8 oz. baby arugula 2 (5-oz.) cans water-packed wild albacore tuna, drained and flaked 2 hard-cooked eggs, peeled and quartered 1 large tomato, cut into wedges Small fresh basil leaves (optional)

1. Whisk together vinegar, mustard, olives, anchovy and garlic in a small bowl. Slowly drizzle oil into bowl, whisking constantly until emulsified. Sprinkle with pepper.

2. Cover potatoes with water in a large saucepan over high; add salt. Bring to a boil, and reduce heat to medium low. Simmer, uncovered, just until tender, about 10 minutes. Drain potatoes, reserving 1 inch of water in pan. Transfer potatoes to a small bowl, cut in half, and drizzle with 2 tablespoons vinaigrette. Bring reserved water to simmer over medium. Add asparagus to pan; cook until crisp-tender, about 3 minutes. Immediately place in ice water to cool. Drain.

3. Divide arugula between 2 plates. Divide tuna, eggs, tomato, potatoes and asparagus evenly between servings. Drizzle with remaining vinaigrette; sprinkle with basil if desired.

Serves: 2 Active time: 20 minutes Total time: 30 minutes

WATCH THIS:Half Their Size: Diana Anguh Maintains Her Weight Loss While Working as a Chef

2 tsp. chili powder tsp. table salt, divided 3/8 tsp. black pepper, divided 3 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil, divided 3 tbsp. fresh lime juice, divided 4 (1-in.-thick) boneless pork loin chops (about 6 oz. each) 4 cups cubed seedless watermelon, chilled cup thinly sliced red onion 2 tbsp. chopped fresh cilantro, plus more for serving Lime wedges

1. Preheat a grill to medium (350 to 400). Combine chili powder, tsp. salt and tsp. pepper in a small bowl. Whisk in 2 tbsp. each of the olive oil and lime juice. Brush both sides of pork chops with oil mixture. Grill chops on oiled grates, uncovered, turning once, until internal temperature reaches 145, 7 to 9 minutes. Let rest 3 to 5 minutes.

2. For the salad, combine watermelon, onion and cilantro in a medium bowl. Drizzle with remaining 1 tbsp. each olive oil and lime juice. Sprinkle with tsp. salt and 1/8 tsp. pepper; toss gently to coat.

3. Serve pork chops with watermelon salad. Serve with lime wedges, and sprinkle with additional cilantro.

Serves: 4 Active time: 15 minutes Total time: 25 minutes

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How to Follow the Whole30 Diet for Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner Without Feeling Hungry - PEOPLE.com

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Susan Morgan, age 5, holds a bunch of bananas in Ponchatoula, La., in 1955. Susan was diagnosed with celiac disease and was prescribed a diet of 200 bananas weekly. AP hide caption

Susan Morgan, age 5, holds a bunch of bananas in Ponchatoula, La., in 1955. Susan was diagnosed with celiac disease and was prescribed a diet of 200 bananas weekly.

The year was 1945, and 2-year-old Lindy Thomson had been given a few weeks to live. She suffered from diarrhea and projectile vomiting, and she was so thin and weak, she could no longer walk. Her parents had taken her from doctor to doctor. Finally, Dr. Douglas Arnold in Buffalo, N.Y., offered a most unusual prescription: She was to eat bananas.

"At least seven bananas a day," recalls the patient, who now goes by her married name, Lindy Redmond.

"To whom it may concern," the doctor wrote on a prescription pad that Lindy still has as a keepsake. Lindy Thomson "has celiac disease (a nutritional disorder)."

The unusual prescription that Lindy Thomson (now Lindy Redmond) received from Dr. Douglas Arnold when she was 2 to treat her celiac disease: It recommended moving to clean mountain air and following a high-calorie, banana-based diet. Courtesy of Lindy Redmond hide caption

The unusual prescription that Lindy Thomson (now Lindy Redmond) received from Dr. Douglas Arnold when she was 2 to treat her celiac disease: It recommended moving to clean mountain air and following a high-calorie, banana-based diet.

Arnold recommended that Lindy move to the clean mountain air in California and follow a high-calorie, banana-based diet invented by Dr. Sidney Haas in 1924. The diet forbade starches but included numerous daily bananas, along with milk, cottage cheese, meat and vegetables. It was so effective in patients with celiac disease that in the 1930s, the University of Maryland endorsed the diet, according to pediatric gastroenterologist Alessio Fasano, chair of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and a specialist in celiac disease.

"At that time, around 30 percent of children with celiac died. Parents were instructed to drop their children off at the hospital for six months," says Fasano. If the children survived and thrived on the banana-based diet, the parents could then "pick them up and take them home."

We now know that celiac is an autoimmune disorder that strikes genetically predisposed people. It's triggered by gluten in grains such as wheat, barley and rye. In the presence of gluten, the immune system of people with celiac disease attacks the small intestine, damaging the precious, fingerlike projections called villi that line it. This damage can lead to malnutrition, as well as a panoply of problems from gas and bloating to fatigue, anemia, osteoporosis and an increased risk of certain cancers. The disease is estimated to affect 1 in 100 people worldwide.

A childhood photo of Lindy Redmond, who was told she had two weeks to live before being diagnosed with celiac disease. Doctors treated her with a diet that eliminated starches but included daily bananas, dairy, meat and vegetables. She thought she was cured. Decades later, she found out she wasn't. Courtesy of Lindy Redmond hide caption

A childhood photo of Lindy Redmond, who was told she had two weeks to live before being diagnosed with celiac disease. Doctors treated her with a diet that eliminated starches but included daily bananas, dairy, meat and vegetables. She thought she was cured. Decades later, she found out she wasn't.

But in 1924, decades before gluten was discovered to be the culprit, celiac disease was a black box of mystery.

"The diet was unintentionally gluten-free and also incredibly high in calories," explains Tricia Thompson, founder of Gluten Free Watchdog. "It is incredible what the mothers and fathers did, going down to the docks to meet the ships and buy multiple bananas hanging on branches. So many people were so very grateful to him," she says of Haas. "He saved their lives."

Haas arrived at his banana diet through an honest error one that, unfortunately, had serious repercussions for people with celiac disease. In his 1924 paper, he wrote of a town in Puerto Rico where "dwellers who eat much bread suffer from [celiac] sprue while the farmers who live largely on bananas never."

Haas skipped over the role of wheat and focused instead on the exotic bananas, which he thought held curative powers. (Not unlike the esteem in which exotic "superfruits" such as mangosteen and acai berry are held today.) "Dr. Haas' approach," says Fasano, "was based on the fact that bananas had the best characteristics to counterbalance the purging diarrhea that was the typical clinical presentation of celiac disease at that time."

Parents and children came to Haas from all over the U.S. He eventually treated over 600 people who had celiac disease. One of his "banana babies" wrote down her memories for Gluten Free Watchdog's site, recalling how Haas' "office was filled with children of all ages and many I remember looked like they came from the concentration camps ... with their sunken eyes and swollen stomachs." Once on the diet, the children recovered.

For a time, belief in the healing properties of the banana was widespread and extended beyond celiac disease. Mothers were told to feed their infants bananas starting at 4 weeks. And at Johns Hopkins University, a doctor named George Harrop tried a version of the banana diet on people with diabetes and found that it helped them lose weight.

"The public went bananas," says Alan Levinovitz, a religion professor at James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Va., and author of The Gluten Lie: And Other Myths About What You Eat.

But Haas' honest error led to serious consequences. As the children recovered, wheat was reintroduced.

"All my life I have told doctors I had celiac as a child," says Lindy Redmond, "and that I grew out of it. And all my life I have eaten wheat." It was only when she was 66 that her doctor gave her a test and took seven intestinal biopsies.

"My intestine was very damaged," she reports. "My doctor said she didn't know if it would ever recover."

It was then that Redmond wondered about the possible connection between lifelong, untreated celiac disease and her two miscarriages, frequent bouts of colds and bronchitis, and interminable constipation. Now 74 and off gluten, Redmond says the colds and constipation are gone.

It was a Dutch pediatrician, Willem Karel Dicke, who first realized that wheat might be linked to celiac disease. He noticed that in the last few years of World War II, when bread was unavailable in the Netherlands, the mortality rate from celiac disease dropped to zero. In 1952, Dicke and his colleagues identified gluten as the trigger for celiac disease, and the gluten-free diet was born.

But Haas railed against the gluten-free diet and went on promoting his banana-based cure, according to Levinovitz.

"Haas saw these miraculous reversals," explains Levinovitz, "and didn't want to give up his status as a trailblazing savior."

Only the banana diet, Haas claimed, could achieve "a cure which is permanent."

As a result, says Levinovitz, celiac disease was taken more seriously in Europe and continued to be "massively underdiagnosed here in the U.S."

Jill Neimark is an award-winning science journalist and an author of adult and children's books.

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Doctors Once Thought Bananas Cured Celiac Disease. They Saved Kids' Lives At A Cost - NPR

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Jinder Mahal stunned WWE fans worldwide Sunday night at Backlash in Chicago, where he defeated Randy Orton to become the new WWE World Champion.

Mahal'srise to the top of the SmackDown Live roster has occurred seemingly overnight,and his victory over Orton was historic. He became the first Indian WWE Champion, a decade afterThe Great Khali held the World Heavyweight Championship.

Prior to his first appearance on SmackDown as a champion Tuesday night, Mahal spoke to Fox Sports about the reaction to Backlash, his relationship with Vince McMahon, and his workout regimen.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: Very crazy, you know, Ive just been so busy. I havent taken the time to really let it sink in. Im sure when I go home tomorrow itll all sink in. But right after I won I was in the gym the next day training, [had] a live event yesterday, trained again today and Im on SmackDown.

That moment when I won and when I came back through Gorilla the best thing thats ever happened to me. 15 years Ive put in work, hard work to get to this point. Obviously I went through being released from WWE being signed at a young age to debut when I was 24. So, you know, its been quite the roller coaster but at that moment it was all worth it. I look forward to once I get home and have a minute to reflect and some alone time.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: I think the response has been great from the rest of the boys. You know, Im an example that in the WWE there are opportunities for people who work hard, improve constantly. I think its great for morale, too, for guys who are lower on the card. Sometimes you get unhappy with your position. I was there with them. I was in the opening match, losing to El Torito in the opening match in 30 seconds - and now Im WWE Champion just through coming back every week and being relentless and wanting to improve everything. My promos, my look, my physique. I think, all in all, its a great change in WWE it showed theyre willing to reward hard work.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: He was very happy, shook my hand. He was standing up when I came back through Gorilla. I get a lot of advice from Vince. I believe hes a genius, so a lot of promos and everything the last couple weeks after a match or a promo, Vince is the first person that I come to talk to. He was very happy, he could see that I was improving, and Vince is one of those guys if you care, he cares about you. I have a great relationship with Vince now, which is one of those things I never had before, because I would kind of avoid him. But now I come back and Vince is the first person that I see every week.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: That building, just the way the acoustics are its a taller arena, but it gathers a large capacity. It is one of the rowdiest crowds.

Leading up to this match, I had no idea what the reaction was going to be. Whether they were going to be silent, whether they were going to boo me or cheer, its just so unpredictable. Chicagos one of those places where truly dont know, but once I was out there the reaction was great.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: He is right. I was 23, I was right out of college, and then I debuted, I was on the SmackDown roster when I was 24. So it was a little bit too much too soon. Ill be the first to admit that I wasnt quite ready for the responsibility inside the ring and outside the ring. I got sidetracked.

Now, looking back, being released was one of the best things that ever happened to me because I developed so much as a performer and as a person outside the ring. Inside of the ring, I got my confidence back. I had lost my confidence just working short matches, losing in like three minutes. I had to wrestle in these 20-minute long matches, main-event style matches, and I got my confidence back. So that was very important.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: Everybody here aspires to be world champion. Its like all football players aspire to win the Super Bowl.

Yeah, at a certain point I had kind of maybe given up on the dream. Maybe it wont happen. But I saw when I got back, as soon as I started caring, as soon as I started putting in more effort, things just started happening in a positive way, so it just motivated me to work even harder. Writing down my goals is one of the things I started to do about a year ago. Every day I write down [goals], I have my organizer.

I messed up, I didnt write become WWE Champion, I would write become a champion in WWE.

Its one of those things that I put it out there and I worked at it and now Im WWE Champion.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: Maharaja means the grand king. Maha means grand, and raja, is king.

Fox Sports: What does it mean for you personally to refer to yourself as the Maharaja?

Jinder Mahal: Its just an attitude that I have I believe in my mind that Im one of the best in WWE, and now I have the WWE Championship, so it kind of cements it. If you believe it, you can achieve it.

If I aspire to be the king of WWE, one day if I keep working at it, I will be the king of WWE.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: That moment actually came before I signed back with WWE. I was kind of in a slump and I was eating junk food every day, drinking too much, and I actually weighed about 260. Just kind of real soft.

So one day I just decided that enoughs enough. I stopped drinking, I still dont drink. Its been almost a year now, itll be a year next week. I just ordered [from] a meal prep company called Nutrition Solutions, I ordered a meal prep and thats virtually all I ate. And I started training again, and just, you know, caring about myself. Two months later I was signed back to WWE. Whereas I sat out for two years, nobody called me, nobody cared about me. As soon as I started caring, two months later I was signed back to WWE. It just sparked something in me, if I keep working If I care, they care. And doors start to open.

I havent eaten a cheat meal in months, but Im not even tempted to because I see the results that Im getting and its giving me confidence, which in return [makes] me more aggressive in the ring, and helps make me more believable as a superstar. Its motivating me even more. Diet hard, train hard.

After the world championship, no cheating, just had chicken and rice and I was in the gym the next day early in the morning. Im going to keep working hard, and hopefully this is just the beginning.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: Its not hard, you just have to make it a priority.

So, first thing I do when I wake up in a hotel room or at home is I do empty-stomach cardio. Sometimes 45 minutes, sometimes 20 minutes, sometimes half and hour, just before I eat. I drink some water and I just do the elliptical trainer. So that kind of puts me in a fat-burning state for the rest of the day.

What I do normally is I do the cardio, then Ill eat - protein shake, oatmeal, banana - then Ill hit the gym, and Ill be in the gym for two hours.

Ill train for about an hour and a half, stretch for 30 minutes, and thats it for exercise. Cardio, stretch and train six days a week, one day rest day.

Via WWE.com

Jinder Mahal: Hes a powerhouse. You could see he whipped me so far back my head hit the rope. Hes strong, hes a big boy. If WWE is something that he wants to pursue, Im sure he could easily do it. He could become a great WWE superstar.

Via WWE.com

8

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Researchers had participants wear the fitness trackers while walking or running on a treadmill and while riding an exercise bike to determine how well the trackers measured heart rate and energy expenditure. Paul Sakuma/Courtesy of Stanford University School of Medicine hide caption

Researchers had participants wear the fitness trackers while walking or running on a treadmill and while riding an exercise bike to determine how well the trackers measured heart rate and energy expenditure.

Sleek, high-tech wristbands are extremely popular these days, promising to measure heart rate, steps taken during the day, sleep, calories burned and even stress.

And, increasingly, patients are heading to the doctor armed with reams of data gathered from their devices. "They're essentially asking us to digest the data and offer advice about how to avoid cardiovascular disease," says cardiologist Euan Ashley, associate professor of medicine at the Stanford University Medical Center and Stanford Hospital and Clinics in northern California. And, being somewhat near Silicon Valley, he says he gets a lot of tech-savvy patients bringing fitness-tracker data to appointments.

The problem, he says, is that he just didn't know how reliable that data was. So, he and colleagues decided to study seven of the most popular devices and compare their accuracy to the gold-standard tests that doctor's use.

They looked at two metrics: heart rate and calories burned. For heart rate, the fitness trackers were compared to findings from an electro-cardiogram, or EKG. It turned out the devices were "surprisingly accurate", says Ashley. "Most devices most of the time were 'off' by only about 5 percent."

However, when it came to measuring how many calories a person burned, the findings were way off, says Ashley, showing a degree of inaccuracy that ranged from 20 percent to 93 percent, meaning 93 percent of the time the worst-performing device was wrong. Researchers compared the findings of the wrist devices to a sophisticated system of calculating metabolism which measures oxygen and carbon dioxide in people's breath.

"This is a very well-designed and well-done study," says Dr. Tim Church, a professor of preventative medicine at Pennington Biomedical Research Center at Louisiana State University who was not involved in the study. Church routinely consults with companies about how to introduce wellness strategies into the workplace. Being wrong 93 percent of the time means the findings from the fitness tracker are more "fiction than fact," he says, which can actually undermine a healthy diet. "It's just human nature. People are checking these inaccurate counts and they think they've earned a muffin or earned some ice cream and they're sabotaging their weight-loss program."

Church points to a study last year which found participants in a weight-loss program who also wore fitness trackers actually lost less weight than participants who didn't wear the trackers. "It's an instance of no information is probably better than having bad information," he says.

The Stanford study was published in the Journal of Personalized Medicine. It was relatively small, with 29 men and 31 women. In addition to the primary results, there were some other interesting findings. In certain groups of people for example, those with darker skin, higher BMIs and men the error made by devices was actually greater than for Caucasian women with a more healthy weight.

Researcher Euan Ashley and his team in a testing lab at Stanford University School of Medicine. Paul Sakuma/Courtesy of Stanford University School of Medicine hide caption

Researcher Euan Ashley and his team in a testing lab at Stanford University School of Medicine.

"So, for those for whom it might matter the most, who are trying to lose weight, the error was actually greater," says Ashley, who doesn't know why this may be the case. He speculates that it could be that companies use a fairly narrow group of people for testing the equations they use to measure heart rate and calories burned.

The study didn't look at how well devices count steps or monitor sleep or stress. The take-home message, says Ashley, is to not rely on the devices to measure total calories burned. Instead focus on eating what we know is a healthy diet, which is low in sugar and high in fiber, and to "eat not until you're full but until you're no longer hungry."

And, of course, people should exercise, he says, adding, "we have no more important intervention than exercise for the prevention of any number of diseases."

Makers of two devices, Fitbit and PulseOn say they remain confident in the performance of the trackers both in measuring heart rate and calories burned. In a statement, PulseOn questioned the study's methodology, saying that the high errors for calorie measurements "suggest that the authors may not have properly set all the user parameters on the device."

Mark Gorelick, the chief science officer at the device-maker Mio Global, says, "we agree that more accurate calorie estimation is important for the industry as a whole, since most individuals are monitoring calorie deficits for weight loss." The other device makers did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

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Fitness Trackers: Good at Measuring Heart Rate, Not So Good At Measuring Calories - NPR

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WeWork has quietly launched a fitness business inside its network of shared offices Quartz Since last year, the company has offered fitness classes including spinning, yoga, meditation, dance, and kickboxing at several of its New York City locations, according to a public website for WeWork Wellness. Classes take place alongside WeWork's ...

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If youve ever wondered why youre always drenched in sweat at the end of a boot camp class while your friend is barely glistening, fret not. Your heavy sweating could be a sign that youre physically fit.

Research shows that fit individuals, especially those who train for endurance sports like running and cycling, sweat sooner and more profusely than people who rarely get physical.

The primary purpose of sweat is to cool the surface of the skin, which helps to regulate body temperature, explained Dr. Carolyn Dean of the Nutritional Magnesium Association.

Sweat is one of the main ways of preventing your core temperature from climbing to dangerous or harmful levels, she said.

The process goes like this: When you overheat, your body signals its sweat (eccrine) glands to start producing sweat on the surface of the skin. As the sweat droplets heat up, some of the sweat evaporates, effectively dissipating heat and leaving behind cooler liquid sweat.

As we move, the air around us works to cool the remaining water on our skin.

When youre fit, youre able to work harder, generate more power, and sustain that power for longer time periods, said Dean.Most of this power output generates heat, [which] means you [can] generate a lot of heat in a very short period of time and for a longer duration.

In other words, fit people sweat sooner and more because they develop a faster response that reduces their core body temperature as they heat up, said physical therapist and strength trainer William P. Kelley.

Your body gets better at reacting to the increase in temperature, and [thus] begins cooling you sooner and more efficiently, so you can maintain a greater workload for a greater period of time, he said.

People who have a low level of fitness, on the other hand, may stay drier during workouts than people with a higher level of fitness because they havent trained their bodies to recognize a high energy output and subsequently initiate the proper cooling response.

This isnt a hard and fast rule, though: How much you sweat during any given workout depends on the amount of energy youre exerting.

Regardless of your fitness level, if youre exercising at an intense rate that pushes you close to your VO2 max (or maximal oxygen consumption), the more heat youll create and the more youll sweat, said Dean.

Therefore, someone who is less fit may start sweating sooner than a trained athlete when doing the same workout at the same pace (like running for 20 minutes at 10 minutes per mile). In effect, the less-fit person would have to exert more energy than a trained athlete would to complete the same exercise, and would thus reach their VO2 max much earlier, causing them to sweat more quickly.

If, on the other hand, a fit person and an unfit person are each working out to their individual VO2 max (lets say that means 8 minutes per mile for the fit person and 10 minutes per mile for the less-fit person), logic follows that the fit person would sweat sooner because their body is more efficient at lowering their core temp.

Another factor that influences sweating is body mass. Someone with a higher body mass has to work harder to perform the same task as someone with a lower body mass, Kelley explains. The greater energy exertion effectively raises that persons body temperature and causes them to sweat more.

Dean also said overweight individuals can produce a lot of sweat from very low activity levels, like climbing a flight of stairs or taking a short walk.

The core temperature of obese people is higher because fat acts as an insulator, so they sweat more to try to cool down, she said.

Environmental factors also contribute to your sweat level anyone who has gone jogging in a humid climate can attest to that.

The higher the humidity, the greater the water vapor density already in the air, so more sweating needs to occur in order to get an adequate amount of evaporation for body cooling, said Kelley.

High temperatures only contribute to the problem, he added, since hot air cant cool the sweat on your skin as quickly as chilly air can.

A dip in blood sugar level can also lead to greater sweat levels, according to Dean.

When blood sugar levels drop below normal, your adrenaline and norepinephrine kick in (fight or flight response), which causes sweating while exercising or at rest, she said.

Fitness, body type and environmental reasons aside, there are myriad other factors that drive sweat rates. Dean says sweating can be a reaction to drinking alcohol or coffee, wearing restrictive synthetic clothing, or taking certain medications that affect your ability to tolerate heat. Other factors might include dehydration, menopausal hot flashes, an overactive thyroid gland, genetics, nerve issues or disorders, and skin diseases.

[How much you sweat] is an important characteristic to learn about yourself to optimize physical performance and prevent heat illness, said Dr. Robert Sallis, co-director of the Kaiser Permanente Sports Medicine Fellowship Program at Fontana Medical Center.

The important thing to remember? Replace sweat with water and electrolytes.

You can roughly calculate your sweat rate by weighing yourself before and after you workout (aim for 30 minutes to one hour of high-intensity exercise). A good rule of thumb is to drink 16 ounces of fluid for every hour you exercise if you lose about a pound after a gym session.

If you plan to exercise in hot or humid conditions, Sallis said, you need to know how much water to drink to replace the electrolytes you lose. If you can, break your fluid intake into smaller segments (like four ounces every 15 minutes) to stay hydrated early on, advised Sallis.

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Fitness Trainer Ernie Baul Given A Special Thank You wnep.com Inside Danko's All American fitness center in Plains Township it took a small crowd and a cake to deliver a special thank you to personal trainer Ernie Baul. "Sit down and have some cake," said Aaron. "I have to train people," said Ernie. The former ...

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