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Apr 21

Serena Williams May Be Pregnant: How Safe is Tennis In Pregnancy? – Live Science

Serena Williams at the Australian Open in 2016.

Editor's note: On Wednesday April 20, Serena Williams confirmed she is pregnant.

Tennis star Serena Williams hinted today that she may be pregnant, but is it safe for her to continue serving up hard hits on the court while she's expecting?

Earlier today (April 19), Williams, who is 35 and recently got engaged, posted a picture of herself to Snapchat with the caption "20 weeks," according to Sports Illustrated. However, Williams later deleted the post. If Williams' pregnancy began 20 weeks ago, this would mean that she was pregnant when she won the Australian Open in January.

Experts say that, in general, playing tennis is safe for pregnant women, at least in early pregnancy, although it could be risky in later pregnancy.

"Tennis is still a good sport for the average woman who's pregnant because it is a moderate cardiovascular form of activity," said Dr. Jonathan Schaffir, an obstetrician/gynecologist at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, who is not involved in Williams' care. However, pregnant women should play at the level they are accustomed to playing, Schaffir said. This means that, because Williams is conditioned to play at a high level, she could continue to play at that level in early pregnancy, Schaffir said. But for the average woman, it wouldn't be advisable to play for as long or as intensity as Williams does, he noted.

Williams is "an elite athlete who is probably in peak physical form," Schaffir said. "The kind of tennis that [she] plays is a much higher intensity and duration" than what the average woman plays, he said. [11 Big Fat Pregnancy Myths]

Pregnant women should speak with their health care provider before starting any exercise regimen during pregnancy, Schaffir said.

In general, if a woman is otherwise healthy and isn't at high risk for certain complications during pregnancy, she can safely engage in most types of exercise, according to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). In fact, regular exercise during pregnancy has a number of health benefits, including reducing back pain, decreasing the risk of gestational diabetes, strengthening the heart and blood vessels, and promoting healthy weight during pregnancy, ACOG said.

However, pregnant women are generally advised to avoid sports that put them at increased risk for falls, including downhill skiing, water skiing, surfing, off-road cycling, gymnastics and horseback riding, according to ACOG. Women are also advised to avoid sports that could put them at risk of getting hit in the belly, such as ice hockey, boxing, soccer and basketball.

Schaffir said he doesn't consider tennis to be a sport to avoid in early pregnancy, because there is a low risk of an impact to the body. However, later in pregnancy, a woman experiences changes to her body that could make playing tennis harder and more risky, and therefore not advisable, Schaffir said. [Blossoming Body: 8 Odd Changes That Happen During Pregnancy]

For example, pregnant women experience a shift in their center of gravity as their belly gets larger, which makes them more likely to lose their balance or fall, ACOG said. In addition, hormonal changes during pregnancy cause the joints to become more relaxed, which increases the risk for injury particularly if a woman makes sudden, quick movements.

Schaffir said that, because of these changes, he did not think that Williams would be able to continue to play at her usual high level in the later stages of her pregnancy.

"There are concerns [about] playing activities that involve quick turns and sharp movements in the end of pregnancy," and so pregnant women may have to stop or modify their play in these cases, he said.

All women who exercise in pregnancy should make sure to stay properly hydrated, because pregnant women may get dehydrated more quickly, Schaffir said. Pregnant women should also listen to their body while exercising if they feel lightheaded, dizzy, fatigued or short of breath, they should stop what they're doing and rest, he said.

Original article on Live Science.

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Apr 19

Kim Kardashian calls the flu an ‘amazing diet’ after recent weight loss – Fox News

Kim Kardashian said she lost six pounds all thanks to the flu.

The 36-year-old reality TV star informed fans on Twitter that she easily shed the weight by getting sick, which she joked was perfect timing for her upcoming appearance at the annual Met Gala in New York City.

"The flu can be an amazing diet," she tweeted. "So happy it came in time for the Met lol #6lbsdown."

KIM KARDASHIAN CONSIDERS SURROGACY

While Kardashian made light of her illness, some tweeters were angry at the mother of two, stating that her reported weight loss technique is harmful advice to young fans. Kardashian's tweet has since disappeared after the backlash.

Kardashian previously told E! News that she relied on the Atkins diet to help her slim down from the baby weight she gained while pregnant with son Saint West, her second child with her husband, rapper Kanye West.

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Im definitely to my goal weight. Im down more than I expected, said the Keeping Up With the Kardashians personality to the celebrity news site. I think if you just really stay motivated and focused, the Atkins diet was so easy for me because theres so many sweets and treats that keep you satisfied along the way. I think with the help of all of that its been super easy.

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Apr 19

2 diets that may help ward off Alzheimer’s – Chicago Tribune

Diets designed to boost brain health, targeted largely at older adults, are a new, noteworthy development in the field of nutrition.

The latest version is the Canadian Brain Health Food Guide, created by scientists in Toronto. Another, the MIND diet, comes from experts at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Both diets draw from a growing body of research suggesting that certain nutrients mostly found in plant-based foods, whole grains, beans, nuts, vegetable oils and fish help protect cells in the brain while fighting harmful inflammation and oxidation.

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Both have yielded preliminary, promising results in observational studies. The Canadian version similar to the Mediterranean diet but adapted to Western eating habits is associated with a 36 percent reduction in the risk of developing Alzheimers disease. The MIND diet a hybrid of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) lowered the risk of Alzheimers by 53 percent.

Researchers responsible for both regimens will study them further in rigorous clinical trials being launched this year.

Still, the diets differ in several respects, reflecting varying interpretations of research regarding nutritions impact on the aging brain.

A few examples: The MIND diet recommends two servings of vegetables every day; the Canadian diet recommends five. The Canadian diet suggests that fish or seafood be eaten three times a week; the MIND diet says once is enough.

The MIND diet calls for at least three servings of whole grains a day; the Canadian diet doesnt make a specific recommendation. The Canadian diet calls for four servings of fruit each day; the MIND diet says that five half-cup portions of berries a week is all that is needed.

We asked Carol Greenwood, a professor of nutrition at the University of Toronto and a key force behind the Canadian diet, and Martha Clare Morris, a nutritional epidemiologist at Rush University Medical Center and originator of the MIND diet, to elaborate on research findings about nutrition and aging and their implications for older adults.

NUTRITION AND THE BRAIN

Its not yet well understood precisely how nutrition affects the brains of older adults. Most studies done to date have been in animals or younger adults.

What is clear: A poor diet can increase the risk of developing hypertension, cardiovascular disease, obesity and diabetes, which in turn can end up compromising an individuals cognitive function. The corollary: A good diet that reduces the risk of chronic illness is beneficial to the brain.

Also, what people eat appears to have an effect on brain cells and how they function.

I dont think we know enough yet to say that nutrients in themselves support neurogenesis (the growth of neurons) and synaptogenesis (the growth of neural connections), Greenwood said. But pathways that are needed for these processes can be supported or impaired by someones nutritional status.

ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS

Several nutrients have been shown to have biological mechanisms related to neuropathology in the brain, Morris said.

On that list is Vitamin E, a powerful antioxidant found in oils, nuts, seeds, whole grains and leafy green vegetables, which is associated with slower cognitive decline, a lower risk of dementia, and reduced accumulation of beta-amyloid proteins a key culprit in Alzheimers disease.

The brain is a site of great metabolic activity, Morris said. It uses an enormous amount of energy and in doing so generates a high level of free radical molecules, which are unstable and destructive. Vitamin E snatches up those free radicals and protects the brain from injury.

Also on her list is vitamin B12 found in animal products such as meat, eggs, cheese and fish and vitamin B9 (folate), found in green leafy vegetables, grains, nuts and beans.

Because aging affects stomach acids that facilitate the absorption of B12, everyone who gets to middle age should have a doctor check their B12 levels, Morris said. A deficiency of this vitamin can lead to confusion and memory problems, while folate deficiency is associated with cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia.

Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish and nuts oils, especially DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), are highly concentrated in the brain, where they are incorporated in cell membranes and play a role in the transmission of signals between cells.

A primary focus has to be maintaining healthy blood vessels in the brain, Greenwood said. So, heart health recommendations are similar in many ways to brain health recommendations, with this exception: The brain has higher levels of Omega-3s than any other tissue in the body, making adequate levels even more essential.

Other studies point to calcium, zinc and vitamins A, C and D as having a positive impact on the brain, though findings are sometimes inconsistent.

FOODS TO AVOID

For the most part, the Canadian and MIND diets concur on foods to be avoided or limited to once-a-week servings, especially saturated fats found in pastries, sweets, butter, red meat and fried and processed foods.

As for dairy products, theres no evidence one way or another. If you like your yogurt, keep eating it, Morris said. Greenwood adds a caveat: Make sure you consume low-fat dairy products as opposed to whole-fat versions.

OTHER HELPFUL DIETS

Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that both the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet have a positive impact on various aspects of cognition, although neither was created specifically for that purpose.

At the end of the day, our [Canadian] diet, the MIND diet, the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet are not that different; theyre all likely to be helpful, Greenwood said.

THE PATTERN COUNTS

Studies promoting the cognitive benefits of drinking tea or eating blueberries have garnered headlines recently. But a focus on individual foods is misguided, both experts suggested. What matters instead is dietary patterns and how components of various foods interact to promote brain health.

The bottom line: Concentrate on eating an assortment of foods that are good for you. As long as people are eating a healthful diet, they shouldnt have to worry about individual nutrients, Greenwood said.

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Apr 19

Diet can protect against type 1 diabetes – Nature.com

Diet can protect against type 1 diabetes
Nature.com
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic basis, but a progressive rise in its incidence indicates that environmental factors also contribute to the disease. Now, Mario et al. report that mice fed diets that release high ...

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Apr 19

Vanessa Hudgens Dishes on How She Lost 20 Lbs.: ‘You Can Eat Bacon’ – PEOPLE.com


PEOPLE.com
Vanessa Hudgens Dishes on How She Lost 20 Lbs.: 'You Can Eat Bacon'
PEOPLE.com
As for her #1 diet tip? You don't really need to count calories as much as you think you do, she says. Think about eating things that are going to fuel you, give you sustainable energy. And don't be afraid of fats. You can eat bacon; you can eat ...

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Apr 19

Study finds osteoarthritis linked to this popular diet – Starts at 60

While most people are thinking about their weight when they embark on a new diet, Australian researchers have discovered one particular diet could be affecting more than just our waistline.

Researchers from the Queensland University of Technology and the University of Southern Queensland have found a link between high-fat diets and the onset of osteoarthritis.

Professor Yin Xiao, who lead the research team, said diets high in saturated fats and simple carbohydrates produced osteoarthritic-like changes in the knee.

These high-fat and simple-carbohydrates diets have become more common in recent years thanks to Aussies indulging in more junk food on a regular basis.

Fad diets like the Atkins diet, which encourage foods high in saturated fat and low in carbohydrates have also become popular.

Our findings suggest that its not wear and tear but diet that has a lot to do with the onset of osteoarthritis, Professor Xiao said, reports Medical News Today.

Saturated fatty acid deposits in the cartilage change its metabolism and weaken the cartilage, making it more prone to damage.

This would, in turn, lead to osteoarthritic pain from the loss of the cushioning effect of cartilage. We also found changes in the bone under the cartilage on a diet rich in saturated fat.

Over 2 million Australians are living with osteoarthritis the most common form of the disease.

Experts recommend a diet low in saturated fats and high in monounsaturated fats, like those found in canola oil, olive oil, peanut oil, nuts, seeds, and avocados, for good overall health.

Past studies have also found that complex carbohydrates, such as those found in green vegetables, wholegrain foods, and legumes are best for weight management and energy levels.

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Study finds osteoarthritis linked to this popular diet - Starts at 60

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Apr 19

Mediterranean diet is healthy — but is it Mediterranean? – STLtoday.com

There is the Mediterranean Diet. And then there is the Mediterranean Diet.

The Mediterranean Diet is said to be one of the most healthful in the world. It emphasizes fruit and vegetables while minimizing red meat. It features plenty of fish, along with poultry. It uses oil instead of butter, and herbs and spices instead of salt. It encourages exercise, along with long meals with family and friends.

The Mediterranean Diet, on the other hand, is what is eaten by people who live around the Mediterranean Sea.

There are plenty of similarities, of course the Mediterranean Diet was begun by looking at what people ate around the Mediterranean Sea. And here it should be noted that it is mainly focused on the northern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean. You wont find many foods on it from, say, Algeria (the researchers who first publicized it, Ancel and Margaret Keys, focused on foods from Greece, Crete and southern Italy).

But there are also differences.

For instance, the Mediterranean Diet specifically recommends fatty fish, such as salmon, and the use of canola oil. But salmon is a cold-water fish, native to the Northern Atlantic and Northern Pacific neither of which is particularly close to the Mediterranean Sea.

And canola oil comes primarily from Canada (the can in canola is for Canada). It is also produced in China, India and northern Europe. In other words, nowhere near the Mediterranean Sea.

Meanwhile, the Mediterranean Diet features a lot of lamb and goat meat. Youll find scant mention of either one in references to the Mediterranean Diet. And in northern Italy they use far more butter than olive oil.

So my goal in taking a healthful dip into these foods was to find that happy intersection where the Mediterranean Diet meets the Mediterranean Diet. To see where the healthy benefits of the diet are actually enjoyed by the people for whom it is named.

I began with an appetizer that couldnt be more Mediterranean if it surrounded Italy on three sides: Marinated Olives and Feta. This is a simple dish, but it creates an explosion of flavor.

Or rather, flavors. Everything that is so great about Mediterranean cooking is combined in one chunky dip: olives, feta cheese, olive oil, lemon juice, garlic, fresh rosemary and crushed red pepper. Its like going to a Mediterranean food store and buying everything on the shelves.

I marinated mine overnight to allow the flavors to blend, and served it on top of crusty bread and crackers. As the Greeks would say, Nstimo!

Next up was a dish that was, as hard as it may be to believe, even easier to make. Date Wraps are like a slightly healthier and more elegant version of perhaps the best hors doeuvre in the world, dates wrapped in bacon.

This time, the dates are wrapped in prosciutto. The rich flavor of the cured meat plays beautifully off the sweetness of the dates, and the saltiness means you can dispense with the Parmesan cheese that is an important part of the bacon version.

A weekly treasure trove of tastiness, featuring reviews from restaurant critic Ian Froeb and how-to videos by food writer Dan Neman.

A twist of black pepper on top provides just the right amount of spice to make it interesting. As the Italians would say, Delizioso!

For a side dish, I turned to perhaps my favorite vegetable, asparagus. In Andalusia the southern area of Spain that borders the Mediterranean Sea they cook it in an astonishingly good way.

First, they saut the asparagus spears in olive oil, which is a truly auspicious way to start anything. But then they go a step further by baking the asparagus with a topping made from blanched almonds, garlic and bread crumbs that are sautd in olive oil auspiciously and then all ground together.

Its not the garlic that goes so magnificently with the asparagus, or the almonds or even the bread crumbs. It is the combination of all three. As the Spanish would say, Excelente!

And for a main course, I made fish, of course. Both versions of the Mediterranean Diet involve eating a lot of fish.

I used one of the most popular fish in the region, swordfish, and topped it with an abundance of Mediterranean ingredients: olives, capers, tomatoes and olive oil.

How did it taste? Lets just say the French would call it superbe.

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Apr 19

A Fitness Empire Quietly Rises on YouTube – Wall Street Journal (subscription)

A Fitness Empire Quietly Rises on YouTube
Wall Street Journal (subscription)
Fitness Blender, an online-workout company run by personal trainers Kelli and Daniel Segars, is the most-watched fitness channel on YouTube and just passed 4 million subscribers. That's more than the number of members at 24 Hour Fitness, one of the ...

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Apr 19

Students compete in TD Run for fitness – Greenville News

The 39th Reedy River Run in downtown Greenville, featuring a 10K, 5K and one mile kids run/walk. Start of the 5K race.(Photo: KEN OSBURN)

Organizers of the TD Bank Reedy River Run want to make fitness a family affair.

The event includes a competition called the FIT'S COOL School Challenge that encourages young people and parents to participate in the run to win money for their schools.

"We hope to encourage more fitness in the elementary and middle schools," said race director Mike Caldwell.

Here's how it works: Every elementary or middle school student who enters the FIT's COOL Challenge earns 10 points for his or her school. Every adult (a parent or family friend) who enters on behalf of a school is awarded twopoints for the school.

The top elementary school and top middle school -- those earning the most participationpoints -- are awarded $500 each from TD Bank Run.

The money is to be used for fitness programs at the schools.

Last year's winners were Paris Elementary School, with 47 students and 46 adults participating; and Tanglewood Middle School, with nine students and 21 adults participating.

"Part of our mission is to encourage fun and healthy fitness through running," Caldwell said. "We thought this was a fun way to get young people interested in elementary and middle school."

Last year, 375 students participated in the FIT'S Cool Challenge in one of the three races: Youth Mile, 5K or 10K.

"They can choose any race," Caldwell said. "It depends on their ability. Many of them run the 5K."

Young people and adult supporters represented 11 elementary schools and five middle schools last year in the FIT'S COOL Challenge.

In the overall TD Bank Reed River Run, about 3,000 runners are expected to participate.

The event is celebrating a milestone: its 40th year.

The 10K run is nearly closed, with only 30 slots left, Caldwell said.

The 5K run has about 150 slots still available, he said.

For more information, visit the website tdbankreedyriverrun.com.

Paul Hyde covers education and everything else under the South Carolina sun. Follow him on Facebook and Twitter: @PaulHyde7.

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Apr 19

This Startup Is Building A Fitness Tracker For The Planet – Fast Company

It seems like everything is tracked and measured these days. Order a pizza, and you get a notification when its put in the oven. Curious about how many times an NBA player (any player) dribbles per possession? That information is neatly presented on the leagues official site. Even dreams are being produced, collected, and analyzed as part of our quantified self data.

One startup is working on tracking something more ambitious: the planet. Instead of measuring basic heart rate or blood pressure, Descartes Labs is applying machine learning to both public and private satellite imagery to determine rates of deforestation, forecast food supplies, identify where new wind farms are being constructed, and more.

The company, which spun out of Los Alamos National Lab, has access to a massive archive of satellite imagery sourced from NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and other commercial constellations. The archive goes back decades and grows larger every daycurrently, it houses five petabytes of data (thats 5million gigabytes).

Its really an inherently good data set. Its hard to imagine that the data were generating, like deforestation data, can be used for some sort of nefarious purpose, right? At some point, everybody ought to know this data, because its just data about the world we live in, CEO and cofounder Mark Johnson tells Fast Company.

Every day, Descartes Labs AI reads and processes nearly five terabytes of new data, including weather readings and the latest imagery from satellites orbiting the planet. Analyzing quadrillions of pixels at a time, and comparing it to past data, its fully automated algorithms can determine, for example, whether a field is growing corn, or soy, or something else like turnips, as well as how much of it has already sprouted. Infrared readings allow the AI to determinethe health of a given crop, too.

Why the hell dont we know exactly how many trees have been cut down over the past 40 years? [Image: courtesy Descartes Labs]Johnson says this allows his team to accurately peer into the future of the planet. For example, Descartes Labs AI says it can predict the yield of Americas 3million square kilometers of cornfields with 99% accuracy.

Investors always ask, Whats the secret sauce on your corn model? says Johnson. And I always tell them, You wont like this, but theres no secret algorithm. Its really that weve taken more data than anyone else, cleaned it up better than anyone else, and ran more iterations on it than anyone else.

That tool has obvious applications outside U.S. borders, too, for both governments and private companies. With the aid of a just-awarded $1.5 million grant from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Descartes Labs is now using its technology to anticipate food shortages and predict hot zones of sociopolitical conflict in the Middle East and North Africa.

This is the kind of work we wanted to do as a company as we founded it, says Johnson. We have 40-plus years of imagery on the planet. We can start to see, even without weather effects, how the climate has changed based on whats growing there and whats not. Drought and famine precede and oftentimes are big drivers in political instability. Better understanding those patterns is key.

We have 40-plus years of imagery on the planet. We can start to see, even without weather effects, how the climate has changed. [Image: courtesy Descartes Labs]Better understanding those patterns right now is critical. As many as 20 million people around world are already on the brink of famine, and well have to feed as many as 2billion more people over the next three decades.

Its much cheaper to send in humanitarian resources than troops. And nipping [causes of conflict] in the bud is not only good for the people on the ground, because theyre happier and healthier, and child mortality rates goes down, but also you avoid future problems.

At the same time, Descartes Labs is trying to democratize its data, putting its tools in the hands of both humanitarian organizations that can intervene early enough to save lives, as well as leaders at every level of government so that they can make better decisions about how to allocate resources. But Johnson made it clear that he wants this information to be accessible to everyone, not just people with PhDs in machine learning or elected representatives, so his 30-person team is investing in artificial intelligence that can better classify and categorize new satellite imagery as it comes in, and make it easier to read.

What were focusing on is making it easy for people from the outside world to use the infrastructure weve built, he says. ESAand NASA are both putting up lots of really interesting Earth observation satellitestons of data is being generated. And thats not to mention all the potential sensor data well be getting from combines, tractors, cars, boats, barges, trains, ships, grain silo. Everything is going to have sensors on it, so making sense of all that data is the sort of challenge were aiming toward.

Descartes Labs isnt trying to tackle this challenge alone. As part of their push to open up the platform, the team was part of a hackathon with theNational Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), where they made the platform available to participants to explore how geospatial analysis can be used to study food security.

Everything is going to have sensors on it, so making sense of all that data is the sort of challenge were aiming toward. [Image: courtesy Descartes Labs]There are 150 million square kilometers of dry land on earth; more than twice that area is covered by water. Greater awareness of how bothland and sea are managed, Johnson hopes, will foster a more symbiotic relationship, even intimacy, between human and planet. In practice, the work of Descartes Labsand that of other companies like marine data analytics company Windwardmight encourage businesses to restructure their value chains and even guide our global village toward new approaches to climate action.

Why the hell dont we know exactly how many trees have been cut down over the past 40 years? This is this is something where we have the data to answer that question, says Johnson.

To me, this is critical for our future on the planet right. Decisions we make now could have massive repercussions for generations to come. And I want to be armed with a massive amount of data. I want to know where we should marshal our resources to be most effective in protecting the resiliency of humanity.

John Converse Townsend covers smart solutions to social problems as a writer and social media producer for Fast Company. He likes: black coffee, Zlatan Ibrahimovic, and long runs.

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