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Nov 19

The hard truth about losing weight why speeding up your metabolism for weight loss is a myth – Business Insider Australia

Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that break down the food we eat into energy and muscle.

Though many people think that they will lose weight if they speed up their metabolism, this isnt necessarily true. Heres what you need to know about the complicated relationship between metabolism and weight-loss.

When people refer to metabolism being fast or slow what they are really referring to is a measure of Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). BMR determines the number of passive calories that you burn these are the calories that your body uses up while at rest.

A popular misconception is that adding muscle will help you metabolize calories faster and while this is partially true, muscles at rest actually burn very few calories. Most of the metabolizing energy you expend is through your brain, heart, kidneys, and other organs that are constantly at work keeping you alive and healthy.

There is evidence that cardiovascular exercise can help boost your metabolism for a short period after you work out, but this effect only lasts for an hour or so and is not usually enough to cause significant weight loss.

Theres also the myth that eating certain foods will speed up your metabolism. But the reality is that even if certain foods can affect your BMR its not nearly enough to make a noticeable difference in your weight. In order to lose weight, you must create a deficit between the calories you consume through food and the calories you burn through a combination of diet, physical activity, and passive metabolic processes that are largely out of your control.

The sad truth is that its hard to change your BMR in any significant way. The fact that some people naturally have a faster BMR than others is largely due to genetics.

A review, published in 2011 in Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, that examined 9 twin studies and 19 family studies found that metabolic syndrome and some of the symptoms associated with it including obesity, high cholesterol, and insulin resistance are common among families, suggesting a significant heritability factor.

The exception to this rule comes up only for rare illnesses like Cushings syndrome or hypothyroidism, which both slow metabolism.

As you age, your metabolism becomes less efficient, or what we think of as slowing down, says Heather Seid, a registered dietician and Bionutrition Program Manager at Columbia University.

There are many reasons your metabolism slows down, including losing muscle mass and changes in your cells. But the main reason for metabolism change is that people become less active as they get older.

Unfortunately, you cant completely stop your metabolism from slowing down as you age but exercise may give you a boost. Studies show that keeping active as you grow older can help curb a metabolism slowdown.

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Nov 19

The Mediterranean Diet Is a Healthy Eating PlanBut Its Far From Universal – Well+Good

There are some eating plans that have been controversial from the get-go, like the ketogenic diet, Whole30, and intermittent fasting. But the Mediterranean dietan eating plan that advocates for lean proteins, whole grains, seafood, and plenty of vegetables along with the occasional glass of winehas long been the least problematic of any eating plan, quick to be endorsed by doctors, dietitians, and other healthy eating experts.

Its easy to see why. The Mediterranean diet is the most studied eating plan in the world, backed by decades of robust clinical research. Hundreds of studies have found it to be beneficial in many ways, from supporting brain and heart health to reducing inflammation and keeping the gut healthy. All these reasons and more are why U.S. News and World Report has named the Mediterranean diet the best eating plan three years in a row. These benefits are also why the eating plan has been extensively covered by Well+Good.

But theres a blaring problem with the Mediterranean diet that many have failed to see, including the editors and writers of this publication. The Mediterranean diet is an eating plan that was created by Westerners, studied by Westerners, and is recommended to everyone, says Gerry Bodeker, PhD, who has researched and taught in medical sciences at Oxford University for two decades and is an adjunct professor of epidemiology at Columbia University.

Dr. Bodeker works with private sectors, governments, and United Nations organizations, currently serving as senior advisor to a UN University project on Asian traditions of nutrition. He says that recommending the Mediterranean diet to all people not only ignores the foods and eating patterns of different cultural traditions but can also work against people nutritionally. If youre going to have a global health message, you need to make sure it fits every single culture, Dr. Bodeker says. The Mediterranean diet, for all of its benefits, does not quite fit the bill.

The very first Mediterranean diet study was published in 1958 by an American physiologist named Ancel Keys. He called it the seven countries study. The study (which only included men) focused on the connection between dietary habits and heart disease rates in Greece, Italy, Spain, South Africa, Japan, and Finland. His study found that rates of heart disease were lowest in Greece, Italy, and Spainregions bordering the Mediterranean Sea. The Mediterranean diet, as identified by this study, sparked decades of additional research into the lifestyles benefits for all aspects of health.

What has remained consistent in the following seven decades is how scientific researchers, doctors, and nutrition experts talk about the Mediterranean diet. While the plans benefits largely come from the consumption of specific nutrients (a specific balance of protein, healthy fats, fiber, and complex carbohydrates), the foods often recommended for achieving said benefits typically come from a list of foods (like olives, fish, and feta) traditionally eaten in Greece, Italy, and Spainthe three countries that were the focus of Keyss research all those years ago.

The wide body of research on the Med diet has been used to support its preeminence in the health world. Yet here lies one of the biggest problems with the Med diet: The majority of researchers are white, and the studies they conduct are primarily on white people. Despite Congress passing the Revitalization Act in 1993, requiring the inclusion of women and people of color in federally funded studies, fewer than 6 percent of all clinical trialsare funded by the National Institute of Health (the government body that provides billions of dollars in research grants each year)meaning that many more studies (including those researching the Mediterranean diet) arent incentivized to include Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) in their research. It also means that many conclusions drawn about the Mediterranean diet may not apply to BIPOC communities, since they are largely left out of studies.

Dr. Bodeker says the lack of racial diversity in Med diet studies is a huge shortcoming. This the nutritional equivalent of white entitlement, Dr. Bodeker says. Its the dominant group recommending their way to the world sending the message of our way is the best way. Its the same colonial messaging based on lack of interest and knowledge of history and suitability for other cultures.

Using primarily white participants in Med diet studies also reveals an extremely selective view of what it means to be from the Mediterranean. The region doesnt just consist ofGreece and Italy; it also includes Tunisia, Turkey, Syria, and Lebanon. Yet these communities and their cuisines are typically not included in the research on the Mediterranean diets benefits.

In an effort to make the eating plan more inclusive, proponents of the Mediterranean diet often say that its macronutrient proportions, not the specific foods, explain the diets superior health and longevity benefits compared to all other plans. But thats not necessarily true either. Dr. Bodeker says the Okinawa diet (which comes from the Blue Zone community of Okinawa, Japan) contrasts with the Mediterranean diet in several key ways, including higher carb consumption, more mono/polyunsaturated fats, fewer saturated fats, and zero dairy consumption. Yet despite these major differences in diet, Okinawans regularly live to be over 100 in good health.

Its not that one diet is better or worse than the otherits that the Mediterranean diet, for all its merit, isnt the only way to eat healthily, nor is it necessarily beneficial for all peoples. [A large percentage] of the Mediterranean diet is cheese and yogurt, but 60 percent of East Asians are lactose intolerant, Dr. Bodeker says as an example. If people who are lactose intolerant eat dairy, it will have an inflammatory reaction in the gut.

Global health dietitian Megan Faletra, RDN, says that many cultures, in fact, have naturally healthy ways of eating that were fundamentally altered by European colonialism. We dont have a strong food culture here in the U.S., so we try to commodify, or white-wash, many global food cultures, she says. For example, traditional Mexican food consists of plant-based staples, such as corn, beans, and rice. Our Indigenous ancestors didnt drink milk or consume dairy, and they werent necessarily vegan, but they didnt eat as much animal products as is in our diets now, food activist and Food Empowerment Project founder Lauren Ornelas previously told Well+Good. It was European influence that led to the rise in cattle herding across Latin America, which changed meat from a special occasion food to one that one served at every meal. Yet another example is Samoans living in Hawaii. They traditionally ate fish, fruit, and vegetables, Dr. Bodeker says. White settlers later introduced meat, flour, sugar, and alcohol into their lives. Now, they are 80 percent more likely to be obese than white Americans.

Interestingly, both of these cultures follow similar basic macronutrient principles as the Mediterranean dieta focus on vegetables and fruit and lean animal proteins. Yet only one cultural-specific way of eating has been celebrated in the health world as the end-all, be-all of nutrition: the Euro-centric Mediterranean diet.

To be perfectly clear, the Mediterranean diet isnt unhealthy. The health benefits researchers have found are realat least when applied to the people included in their studies. The Mediterranean diet offers a healthy eating model that promotes variety, moderation, and predominance of plant foods over animal foodsAs a proponent of the Mediterranean diet, I advocate its core principles to my patients and community, says Shahzadi Devje, RD, a registered dietitian who has written about race discrimination in nutrition. However, the challenge lies in translating these principles into specific foods and meals that are culturally appropriate. It is not a simple plug and play modelneither should it be.

Championing one cultures way of eating over all others isnt just a matter of semantics; it has consequences for the health of BIPOC communities who arent part of that specific cultural tradition. Devje says trying to impose the Mediterranean diet on everyone can create a barrier for some people to live their healthiest lives. The selective foods characteristic of traditional Mediterranean diets such as nuts, fruits, bread, olive oil, and wine are not staples in other cultures. At least not in mine, she says. Requiring someone to adopt those foods in order to be healthy might make it harder for them to comply with the eating plan.

Building cultural competence is vital in supporting dietary change for patients and communities alike, Devje adds. Our nutritional recommendations must not conflict with cultural values. Rather, they must be culturally compatible. Only then will they be practical, sustainable, and enjoyable.

Expecting a healthy diet to look like the Mediterranean diet also ignores the many systemic reasons that impact what and how people eat, adds Devje.People from ethnic minorities struggle with many standard measures of health and quality of life: financial means, satisfactory living environment, sense of independence, health, education, and support, she saysall of which impact their overall health and well-being, including their ability to eat healthfully. The relationship between food systems, race, and health is complicated, she says, and we need a new model to better reflect the needs of the communities most at risk of diet-related diseases.

The reality is, the mainstream dietary messages we see endorsed in public health policy, research, guidelines, and media target affluent white consumersundeniably excluding ethnic groups, who do not identify with such narratives. Why are we surprised then by the state of health disparities, Devje says.

Faletra adds that when doctors and dietitians talk about the Mediterranean diet, they often focus solely on its nutritional qualities, removing the cultural aspects such as physical activity and spending time with loved ones that also contribute to the health and longevity of Mediterranean peoples. Its important to look at eating in the context of culture, she says. Who are you enjoying the food with? What is the lifestyle like? But she says those critical questions are often ignored in mainstream discussions about the Mediterranean diets benefits.

While its important that doctors and dietitians keep their patients and clients cultures in mind when recommending healthy eating plans, many Americans heritage consists of numerous cultures, not just one. Beyond that, being inspired by foods from a wide range of cultures makes meals more enjoyable. These factors are also important to consider.

One question I often recommend dietitians ask clients is, What foods make you feel good?' Faletra says. She agrees with Devje that its important to think about what foods are accessible to a person as well as what foods are native to the region someone lives. This will ensure that the recommended food choices are sustainable, too.

Faletra adds that unprocessed whole foods were originally the staples of nearly every single food culture around the globe. The specific types of whole foods may differ depending on where youre from, but its a commonality that spans eating cultures around the globe. Guiding people to help figure out the whole foods that make them feel good is one way to make healthy eating more intuitive and fun, Faletra says, while making room for the foods important to ones cultural background and context.

Devje says its also important that there are more communities equitably represented in policy, education, and research to make nutritional recommendations truly appropriate for all people, not just some. We must also tackle race discrimination by engaging with people from ethnic minorities to understand the factors that influence people of color differently and disproportionately. They must have a voice and be represented at all levels, she says. Only then, she says, will health providers and researchers be able to truly understand the cultural influences on patient values and behaviors.

It bears repeating that the Mediterranean diet can be a healthy eating plan; its just not the only one. We need way more cultural competency and inclusivity in the way that we talk about food and health, Faletra says. Thats the only way were going to serve more people and enable them to be seen.

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Nov 19

The pros and cons of the keto diet, according to one dietician – Yahoo Sports

Watch: What is the keto diet and how does it work?

Halle Berry swears by it, Kourtney Kardashian cant get enough of it, and Gwyneth Paltrow has dabbled with it in the past. The keto diet is much loved by celebrities due to its fast results, however, is it all too good to be true?

Registered dietician, Dr Sarah Schenker, believes that while there might be some possible health benefits to it, in her mind its not the perfect diet.

The biggest problem though, in my opinion, is that it's not sustainable, she says.

Read more: Drink regular fizzy drink instead of diet version when eating carbs, study suggests

It will work to begin with, but you can't sustain an eating regime like this and if you don't learn to change your eating habits over the long term, once you go back to your old habits, you will gain all that weight you lost and you'll just have to start all over again!

So, what is this diet that promises quick weight loss without sacrificing favourite foods such as bacon and eggs?

It is actually a modern day version of the old Atkins diet, so it's very low carbohydrate, high fat, high protein, explains Dr Schenker.

She continues: The difference is it concentrates on healthy fats and healthy proteins, rather than too much processed meats and saturated fats, which was the problem with the Atkins diet

The biggest reason people look to the keto diet is for a fast weight loss. Dr Schenker says this happens because denying your body carbohydrates pushes the body into ketosis, causing the body to use fat as a fuel.

The result of this is that you lose a lot of weight very quickly, so people love it when they first start the keto diet, because they see really good results and they're very motivational, says the doctor.

Aside from helping with motivation, there are supposed health benefits to the keto diet, including controlling insulin response.

Read more: Vegetarian diet rich in nuts and soy reduce the risk of stroke

Story continues

One study in Italy, also showed that those patients on a keto diet experienced less migraines than those on a different type of diet, while another review looked at the positive impact a keto diet has on epilepsy seizures.

While this is good news, there is still much more research that has to be done on the true health benefits of a diet that is low in carbohydrates.

One aspect of this diet that puts off a lot of people is keto flu where dieters experience a lack of energy, fatigue and an inability to sleep properly. Dr Schenker say this does pass after a few days but its sometimes enough to put people off the diet.

She believes however, one of the biggest downsides is that youll probably have to take additional vitamin and mineral supplements while on this diet.

She says: When you exclude carbohydrates from your diet, particularly whole grains, along with other things like beans and pulses and even fruit and fruit juices, aren't strictly allowed on the keto diet, you could miss out on valuable nutrients, such as vitamin C, maybe magnesium.

Read more: Nutritionist reveals surprising reason carbs aren't bad for you: 'Let's rephrase that'

Due to not being able to include roughage from foods like beans, pulses and fruits, theres a slightly more embarrassing side effect of the keto diet constipation.

The other thing is it's quite hard to get enough fibre because you're not getting the whole grains, advises Dr Schenker.

You might find that you start to suffer things like constipation or other bowel problems.

If youre having digestive problems on the keto diet, try choosing low carb, high fibre options such as chia seeds, avocadoes, cauliflower and flaxseed.

Watch: Everything you need to know about gluten

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Nov 19

Jason Momoa on His Workout Routine, Diet, and Game of Thrones – menshealth.com

For a guy whose played Khal Drogo himself, it shouldn't come as a surprise that Jason Momoa's in legendary shape, thanks to hard-spent time in the gym and a strict diet, we'd assume. But the 41-year-old recently sat down with Mens Health during the latest installment of Vs. The Internet to reveal, once and for all, his secret to keeping fit: lots of pizza. (No, really.)

Momoa shared that he had to put on some serious weight to portray his Game of Thrones character, saying he was actually too small to fit the character description at the time. Thankfully, plenty of pizza and steak came to the rescue. Pair the heavy eating with some heavy weight lifting and he says thats how you get jacked.

Some guys are like genetically ripped and have abs and I dont, he said. I generally dont have a six-pack, which has been my nemesis forever. Ive always got a solid four-pack, maybe even a two-pack, and thats all about diet which is challenging for me.

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Since eating healthy is a struggle, when hes not busy with work, you can catch the native Hawaiian actor doing some hard-core rock climbing to stay in shape. It may be difficult to carry his body weight as such a big guy (and the experience comes with plenty of pulled tendons), but Momoa says its a hobby hes loved his entire life. Because his body seems to be thriving because of it, one fan assumes he trains only for himself and doesnt need much preparation for moviesbut thats only half true.

I found it better for myself to train for things that I love. For instance, rock climbing has always helped me and inspired me. But for Dune, there was a lot of fight choreography, so generally I worked with my stunt team, learning to do different fights and a lot of cardio.

Men's Health

While Momoa's a bonafide A-lister now, he says he hit rock bottom in his career he when auditioned for a 2004 flick, Johnson Family Vacation, starring Solange Knowles. "I thought it would be funny at the time to go and hit on Beyonc's sister," he said. "I was so embarrassed for myself that I left the audition and I was going like, 'I quit,' and then I got the role. If it wasn't for Johnson Family Vacation, I wouldn't be here today because I would've given up."

Another day, another reason to be thankful for Beyonc.

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Nov 19

New Research Confirms What We Eat Is Central to the Climate Crisis – Civil Eats

A new study published in Science offers a stark warning about the climate crisis: Even if we completely halted fossil fuel use in the near term, we would still blow through the carbon budget needed to avoid catastrophic climate change unless we change the trajectory of emissions from the global food sector. Although many have warned about the climate impact of modern food production and land use, this new science is soberingly clear, and it has garnered attention around the world.

Without radically reducing emissions from agriculture, the research shows we wont meet the Paris Agreements goal to limit average warming to 1.5C 2C degrees. And yet, even those targets still position us to face some pretty extreme climate impacts.

Civil Eats talked with Michael Clark, a researcher at the Nuffield Department of Population Health at the University of Oxford and one of the lead authors on the study, about the findings, what they teach us about collective action to move the needle on climate, and how we might build the political will to do so.

Why does the food system have such a big climate toll?

One of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions from food systems is meat, and within that red meat from ruminants: beef, sheep, goats, andto a lesser extentother livestock like pork. The reason why ruminants have a relatively large impact is two-fold: Theyre particularly inefficient at converting grass into things we can eat; or, if theyre not being fed grass, converting soy or other feed into food for humans. This matters because you have to include the climate impacts of producing the feed we then give to cows and other ruminants. Another reason why ruminants are particularly high emitters is because during their digestive process, they convert their food into methane, a potent greenhouse gas that they then burp.

The other large source of emissions within food systems is from fertilizer usefrom how it is processed to emissions from application. Nitrogen naturally converts into nitrous oxide, which is one of the other very potent greenhouse gases.

This I think has been a blind spot. Weve disrupted the carbon cycle, but weve disrupted the nitrogen cycle, too.Exactly. Estimates are that humans have doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen in the worldthat is human sources of reactive nitrogen are at least as large as the amount of reactive nitrogen that is naturally available. Not ideal.

Your findings paint a picture based on current trends. What trends did you track?

Very broadly speaking, emissions from the food system are a function of what we eat, how its produced, and the size of the population. We looked at these three factors and trends to date and projected out if these patterns continue over the next several decades.

What we found at a global scale is that the most important driver is changes in dietary habits; populations eating more food and eating a larger proportion of that food from animal sources, either meat, dairy, or eggs. Population growth is an important driver, but its not as important as dietary habit change. And while changes in food productionlike having better management techniques and reducing emissions per unit of foodcould counter those shifts, it would not be by a huge amount.

Now, all this is at a global scale; for any single country, that global pattern may not match up. Diets are changing, but not uniformly. For instance, diets are not changing by a huge amount in the United States, but if you go to a place like China or Brazil, countries experiencing large economic transitions, there are massive dietary shifts happening and with them those emissions are going to be driven up.

Do you feel the story of food systems emissions has been late to the game in climate change?

Rightfully, a lot of the effort, focus, and political will has targeted emissions abatement through fossil fuels. That makes a huge amount of sense. But were getting better knowledge about the impact food has had on the environmentand the trajectory of emissionsand starting to see, thankfully, food becoming a bigger part of the conversation.

Talk about some of the main levers for change. First, plant-rich diets: Lets get into what you mean by that and why this diet shift makes a difference.

We mean a reduction in meat, dairy, and eggs and an increase in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, and so on. Whats critical here is that while the endpoint is similar for everyone in the world, the direction you might need to go to get there will be really different. In the United States, for instance, this shift in diets might mean a typical person eating much less meat and much more fruits and vegetables. The second thing I really want to stress is that these plant-rich diets are associated with pretty large increases in health outcomes. While for this paper we focused on climate, plant-rich diets have enormous co-benefits.

Lets talk about another lever for reducing food system emissions; what you and your co-authors call healthy calories.

Approximately half the global adult population is eating too much or not enough. In certain countries the figures are even more extreme. For my co-authors and me, the healthy diet lever meansindependent of a plant-rich dietwhat proportion of calories are coming from fruit, vegetables, and other healthy sources of calories. We know that so many people are not getting the right amounts of food for a healthy diet. Similar to the plant-rich lever, this means in some places, eating a lot less, in other places, it will mean people eating more [healthy foods].

Food waste has gotten a lot more attention in the past few yearsin part, I think, because the percent of food that is wasted is so high and because addressing food waste feels so doable.

Yes, its pretty shocking: About one-third of all food that is produced remains uneaten, ether because its thrown away, rots, or otherwise doesnt get to the people who want to eat it. The sources differ widely by country, sometimes its a lack of refrigeration, lack of storage, grain silos, and so on. In the United States, a family of four wastes on average $1,600 worth of produce a year. Thats a pretty big incentive to act.

It always surprises people that if the emissions associated with food loss were a country, it would be the third largest emitter in the world.

Lets talk about what you are seeing in terms of policy responses.

One of the joys and complications of working on a global study is that the policy responses are going to look very different wherever you are. We talked earlier about the climate impacts of nitrogen fertilizer use. One policy that has really been effective has been the 1991 European Union Nitrates Directive. Now, when it was passed, it was designed to reduce nitrogen runoff because agricultural sources of runoff were one of the main causes of water pollution in Europe. Since then, fertilizer applications per hectare have decreased by about half, yet crop yields have continued to increase as they were before. Its just one example of a relatively large geographically scaled policy that is working. While it wasnt specifically designed to address emissions, it most certainly has had emissions benefits.

We can look at farmers choosing different production pathways. Like in some cases adding more crop rotations into their planning or using agroecological approaches, such as planting hedgerows, agroforestry, and more. Honestly, there really is a huge amount that can be done. But its important to stress that no single action is going to solve the problem.

One of the big food-climate debates is about soil carbon sequestration and livestock. What do you think about those who argue for livestocks ability to rehabilitate soils?

We know for sure we can be doing a lot better in terms of soil carbon storage. And we are seeing incredible results from a range of strategies, like some I mentioned: planting cover crops, intercropping, and silvopasture, planting hedges between fields that can prevent soil lossand more. All of these can help sequester more carbon in the soil, but I think the key message should be: Soil carbon sequestration is part of the solution, but it isnt the only solution.

Now, for the debate about cows! The instances where Ive seen cows or other ruminants potential to be net negative in terms of greenhouse gas emissionsafter accounting for methane emissionsis over short timescales, in certain conditions, on previously degraded land. So, yes, it may be possible for cows to play a helpful role, but in a limited way. How the cows are raised matters; but how many cows youre raising matters more.

Do you feel like any parts of your paper have been misunderstood as this complex story gets translated for the general public?

I actually think the coverage has been good. There are basically three main points and I think the media has been capturing them well: One, food matters to climate and if we continue eating the way we are, it will result in catastrophic climate change; two, there is a lot we can do; third, everyone has a role to playconsumers, businesses, food processors, everyone.

I know one question those who work on climate often gets asked is, Are you optimistic or pessimistic?but, I feel I should ask the same of you.

Im laughing because its an uncomfortable question to answer. We are starting to move in the right direction, but honestly, were not moving anywhere close to as fast as we need to. We need to start acting now. It would have been great to have made these changes years ago, but we didnt.

Right. As they say, the best time to plant a tree was 10 years ago. The second best time is today.

Exactly.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

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Nov 19

‘RHOC’: Briana Culberson Says She’s ‘Never Been Healthier’ as She Prepares To Give Birth – Showbiz Cheat Sheet

Vicki Gunvalsons daughter Briana Culberson prepares to welcome her third child as she shares she feels healthier than ever.

The Real Housewives of Orange County alum is already the grandmother to two of Culbersons boys and the couple shared they will add another boy to their family. Culberson, who viewers saw deal with several health problems, shared she and her husband have been on the Keto diet plan for the last three years and havent felt better.

Shes continued with the program into her pregnancy and shared that this pregnancy has been her healthiest to date. This is my 6th pregnancy, we have had 3 miscarriages, she shared along with a photo, via her husbands Instagram. This is by far my healthiest pregnancy yet. With my other 2 boys I gained way too much weight than Im comfortable with sharing, its embarrassing.

I had the whole Im eating for 2 mindset and Ill just lose the weight after the baby, although it never happened, she continued. Ive only gained 30 lbs this pregnancy and have only bought 1 pair of maternity pants and 1 pair of maternity shorts. Other than that I am still in my same clothing I was in prior to my pregnancy at my lowest weight.

Culberson reminded readers she isnt taking her health lightly. Everybody is unique and everyones health is different, she wrote. I have a lot of health problems including lupus and a clotting disorder, among other medical diagnoses and am followed by a team of doctors at a university medical center that work well and communicate with one another. Ask your doctor if keto is right for you and your pregnancy journey.

My team of doctors have all told me that it is healthy for ME to continue the ketogenic diet throughout this pregnancy, she added. Ryan and I have been keto for almost 3 years. Its become a lifestyle and we dont stress over counting macros or calories. We dont track anything other than our ketone levels using a keto mojo blood ketone meter. We aim to stay under 20g net carbs per day just by using mental math.

RELATED: RHOC: Vicki Gunvalsons Daughter, Briana Culberson, Tests Negative for COVID-19

For me personally I dont want to obsess about what Im eating or track too much because I will become consumed by it, she remarked. I do my best to eat the healthiest i can at every meal. Focus on low carb/low sugar, eat veggies with every meal, and avoid processed foods.

Adding, Yes every meal isnt perfect and Im not perfect, but Im doing the best I can and Ive never been healthier!

The couple also has an Instagram account dedicated to their Keto lifestyle. Last full week of pregnancy! Had a cheat meal for brunch at our favorite restaurant on this beautiful fall afternoon, Culberson shared along with a photo of her meal.

RELATED: Jeana Keough From RHOC Reveals the Series Was Originally Built Around Her Life

After a cheat meal well go right back to keto so we dont get carried away, she wrote. Tips weve figured out for after a cheat meal: drink a ton of water, fast as long as you can, and go right back into eating clean keto. Well typically be back into ketosis by tomorrow morning, but in the beginning a cheat meal would kick us out of ketosis for about 1 week.

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Nov 19

As if Thanksgiving Wasnt Stressful Enough This Year – The New York Times

I was just informed that my sisters boyfriend will be joining us for Thanksgiving. Theyve been going out for two years. I dont like him and my other sibling downright hates him. Any other year, we could deal with this fairly easily; we have a big extended family. But this year, only immediate family members are coming to dinner because of Covid-19. Id love to get past this in the spirit of family togetherness, but a big cause of the problem is my sisters condescending attitude toward our other sibling and me when shes with her boyfriend. Any suggestions other than strong holiday drinks?

KATRINA

This may not be the advice you had in mind, but unless your immediate family is already part of a careful Covid pod, this is not the year for mixing households at Thanksgiving. If you cant eat outdoors with social distance, the alarming increase in Covid infections and related hospitalizations and deaths makes your plan risky for family members and everyone they meet. Dont you want to live to hate the boyfriend in the New Year?

Now, as for him and your sister, going to her with a vague complaint of condescension is unlikely to accomplish much. Calmly share a few specific examples, prefaced by a sincere desire to get along better with her and her boyfriend. Thats the way to work through this problem.

My daughter is legally blind and functionally sighted. She has a service dog. At 29, she is extremely independent, and shell soon start grad school after working at a veterans hospital. She is popular and rarely idle. I love her dearly. The problem: She has slowly gained a lot of weight (maybe 50 pounds). She eats right, just too much. She starts diets, then lets them go. She exercises intermittently and has tried online dating without much success. Recently, I heard her say, I have to lose some of this weight. I dont think everyone has to be thin, and I certainly dont want to hurt her feelings. But I think she may be happier if she lost some weight. Any advice?

RICHARD

Your daughter is a competent adult. She is independent, hard-working and has family and friends who love her. By your own admission, she already knows that shes heavy. (And I dont see what her visual acuity has to do with any of this.) If she decides she wants to lose weight, for whatever reason (her health, if thats an issue, or simply to conform to our cultures unyielding preference for thinness), I have every confidence she will do it. If she asks for your support, give it.

But for you say or signal to your daughter that her losing weight would make you happy even if you phrased it as something you think would make her happy you run the risk of shaming her and undercutting her self-esteem. You seem to have raised a wonderful daughter. Now, stand back and let her be her own woman.

My best friend is in a relationship; she and I are both in our 20s. Recently, after a Tinder hookup, the guy hung around, and we showed each other people on the app wed hooked up with before. I was shocked when he showed me my best friends picture. (I didnt know she had a profile!) Should I tell her boyfriend?

BFF

What? Why tell the boyfriend? (And why are you hooking up during a pandemic?) Your question suggests that you feel considerable resentment for your best friend. Why else would you want to disrupt her relationship like this?

For the record, her sex life is none of your business. And the hookup, if it happened, may have predated her relationship or be allowed by its terms. If youre going to discuss this coincidence with anyone, make it your best friend (or a therapist).

We live in a solid prewar building, and our neighbors are civil when we meet in passing, which is rare. The couple down the hall and their teenager let their heavy front door slam behind them when they come and go. This makes a loud bang that we hear in our apartment. Its annoying and startling. Ive been sitting on this for two years. Ive rehearsed many ways to speak to them, but Im afraid of creating bad blood. Should I just call the managing agent?

ANONYMOUS

Most of us dislike confrontation. But reporting your neighbors to the managing agent is much more aggressive than simply saying with a smile: May I ask a favor? Could you close your front door behind you rather than let it slam? That banging really startles me. Theyve probably never considered the issue.

Try not to leave a note. Even the nicest writing doesnt come with a neighborly smile. Just knock on their door if you cant wait to bump into them in the hall. I predict wild success.

For help with your awkward situation, send a question to SocialQ@nytimes.com, to Philip Galanes on Facebook or @SocialQPhilip on Twitter.

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As if Thanksgiving Wasnt Stressful Enough This Year - The New York Times

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Nov 19

Iggy Azalea Reveals She Cant Stop Dropping Weight Since Giving Birth To Her Son Onyx – BET

Iggy Azalea,who gave birth to her sonOnyxjust five months ago,is opening up on social media about her post-pregnancy experience.

According to theFancyrapper, she "can't stop dropping weight" since welcoming her first child. In fact, the 30-year-old star says shes already dropped 20 lbs.

"Any other moms who cant stop dropping weight after having a baby? (Not a brag, genuinely wanna hear if you had this happen)," the Australian artist asked on Twitter.

She later added, "I dont try/want to lose weight but its literally just shedding off me, is it hormonal? Should I be concerned? 20lbs lighter than pre-baby and counting."

After some research, we found that there could be several causes for excessive postpartum weight loss.

Donna Murray, RN, BSN explained toVeryWellFamily.comthat immediately after a baby is born, a new mom could lose about 10 to 12 pounds due to the absence of the newborn's weight, placenta, and amniotic fluid.

In later days, a mom can later expect to lose about 5 more pounds of water weight. After that, it's normal and healthy to lose approximately 2 pounds a month for the next six months, Murray wrote.

RELATED |Iggy Azalea Reveals The Name Of Her Newborn Baby

It is important to note the registered nurse credits breastfeeding, not eating enough, busy schedules, and an overactive thyroid as common causes of unexpected weight loss of a woman who has recently given birth.

While it is unclear why Iggy is experiencing such extreme post-pregnancy weight loss, we sincerely hope everything is good for the new mom and her baby boy.

Referencing the nurses advice, Iggy should consider speaking to a healthcare professional to ensure she has no serious medical conditions.

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Iggy Azalea Reveals She Cant Stop Dropping Weight Since Giving Birth To Her Son Onyx - BET

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Nov 19

As Obesity Soars, a Mayo Clinic DNA Study May Have Cracked The Cause – Observer

Obesity is big business in Americabig, as in nearly two trillion dollars-a-year business big.

According to a study by the Milken Institute, chronic disease-driven obesity in the United States accounts for roughly $500 billion in direct health care costs as well as another $1.25 trillion in indirect costs resulting from its toll on economic output. Put another way, obesity is eating up nearly 10% of annual GDP.

But it wasnt always this way. In the early 1960sonly a generation agoless than 4 percent of U.S. adults were considered obese, which in clinical terms means having a BMI (Body Mass Index) above 30. (By the way, you can calculate your own BMI on the CDC website here.)

Fast forward 60 years and now over 180 million of us, more than 60 percent of the US population ages 2 and over, are considered either obese or overweight. This despite the proliferation of a flourishing multibillion-dollar weight-loss, nutritional supplements, and fitness sector, which doesnt seem to be making much of a dent in the aggregate. That so many resources are being plowed into an issue with so little return has been a source of frustration to physicians, spurring the medical research community to look for new ways to address the set of health challenges associated with obesity.

Obesity is a major public health issueit leads to high blood pressure, diabetes, and eventually cardiac and kidney disease, observed Dr. Rajiv Shah, a leading Minneapolis-based nephrologist and kidney specialist. Lets be honest. The current set of solutionseating better and getting some exercisehavent made much of a difference, which is why we in the medical field are all eager for a new set of tools we can use to address this formidable challenge.

Recent breakthroughs in gene mapping have led members of the scientific community down a new path that has the potential for revolutionizing how we think about weight gain. Just as we all have a unique gene fingerprint, medical researchers are beginning to approach the question of weight loss through a similar lens: phenotypes.

Enter Dr. Andrs Acosta, a soft-spoken Ecuadorian-born research physician and scientist at the world-famous Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. What began as a research project at Mayo has gradually been spun out into a separate company called Phenomix, which is now taking on venture capital from major physician-led associations and health insurers. If successful in its mission, Phenomix may end up forcing large swaths of the traditional weight-loss industry to go belly up.

70 percent of all people who try to lose weight either fail to lose any or lose some and gain it back quickly, comments Acosta. And that has massive healthcare implications from heart disease to type 2 diabetes to stroke. Instead of looking at how to lose weight, we should first understand why people are gaining weight.

The why, as it turns out, comes down to combining two somewhat distinct areas of human science: genotyping, the process of determining differences in the genetic make-up of an individuals DNA, and metabolomics, the scientific study of chemical processes driving our unique metabolic profiles when the genotype interacts with the environment. Together, by looking at our unique genetic and metabolic fingerprints, the Mayo team has created a roadmap for understanding each humans unique chemical and genetic profile that can not only predict obesity but better address and contain it.

Called phenotyping, this bespoke mapping of each human on a subcellular level has allowed Acosta to create four different phenotype buckets that encompass 85% of all people suffering from obesity: Hungry Brain, Hungry Gut, Emotional Hunger, and Slow Burn.

Hungry Brain: About a quarter of those with obesity have a neurological malfunction that fails to signal the brain when enough calories have been consumed in a meal. This failure to detect satiation causes people with hungry brain to inadvertently over-eat, because their brain is not receiving messages that the meal should be over. Oftentimes, this is evident in people who need to consume big meals to feel stuffed. Their digestive system either fails to listen to the signals from the brain that caloric satiation has been reached, or it does not receive those signals at all.

Hungry Gut: For about one-third of the population with obesity, the problem lies in the gastrointestinal system. In these individuals, their stomach and gut push out signals indicating hunger in between meals, even though they may have eaten only 30 minutes earlier. This may be the case of someone who has a big dinner, yet shortly afterward begins snacking in response to signals from their gut that they are hungry again.

Emotional Hunger: About a third of adults with obesity, hedonic eating is the root cause of their obesity. As Dr. Acosta likes to describe it, these people have phenotypes that have them eating donuts when theyre having a bad day and give them the urge to eat donuts when theyre having a really good day as well. These are individuals who use eating as a response to both negative and positive emotions.

Slow Burn: For another quarter of adults suffering from obesity, the root problem is a low metabolic rate coupled with overall low activity. These are people who do not burn calories as efficiently as other humans.

Heres the bad news: Nearly a quarter of obesity patients suffer from phenotype profiles that exhibit more than one of these conditions, requiring a more complex intervention.

But the good news is that, so far, the results in clinical trials have been nothing short of spectacular. A recent study carried out at the Mayo Clinic followed 250 obese patients, half following standard of care, and the other half following phenotype-guided interventions. 80 percent of those following the phenotype guided interventions were able to lose over 10 percent of total body weight and keep it off for a period of 12 months, but for those who attempted to lose weight via standard interventions, only 30 percent were able to shed over 10 percent of their body weight and keep it off.

Weve known for years that the future of weight loss is individualized care as it is strongly influenced by our own unique DNA, remarked Fox Business Channel Analyst Ethan Bearman, who closely follows the healthcare, nutrition, and fitness sectors. The future is here with Phenomix. Now companies like Weight Watchers will have to confront have their own worst nightmare in this new competitor; no more will we have to suffer a one size fits all approach, as if were not all unique in our genetic and metabolic makeup.

I also sincerely hope that in addition to changing lives and extending life expectancy, the work that Phenomix is doing also changes attitudes. Society tends to label those who are overweight as being lazy or simply lacking initiative, Bearman continued. My hope is that as we gain greater understanding about phenotypes, the public and the media will begin to understand that the causes for obesity are far more complex than we have been led to believe.

Ross Higgins, the Phenomix Chief Operating Officer who is charged with commercializing the companys efforts, shares a similar sentiment. At the end of the day, our product is a lab test that doctorsspecifically those that work directly with obese and overweight patientscan order that will give them an entirely new level of insight into their diagnosis, said Higgins. These lab results will take out much of the guesswork about the best way to address obesity. A phenotype-guided therapy may be as simple as targeted lifestyle and diet interventions, but may also include pharmaceutical, medical device and surgical interventions as well.

We are simply giving doctors a better tool to analyze patient data before they prescribe therapies, added Higgins.

Remember the term phenotype. All indications we will hearing a lot more about this fast-evolving area of science and medicine in the year ahead.

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As Obesity Soars, a Mayo Clinic DNA Study May Have Cracked The Cause - Observer

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Nov 19

This Guy Shared the ‘Mind Hacks’ That Helped Him Lose 125 Pounds in 9 Months – menshealth.com

In the two years after his football career ended, Sean went from his playing weight of 330 pounds to 384 pounds at his heaviest, due to a "toxic relationship" with food. "I never went to the pool, I never took my shirt off," he says. "I didn't even take any pictures."

But it wasn't until an on-going serious acid reflux issue got him thinking seriously about his own health that Sean decided he had to make some changes. Speaking with fitness YouTuber Robert Glover, a.k.a. Brix Fitness, Sean explains how at the beginning of his weight loss journey, the first thing he did was adjust his mindset.

"I've tried to lose weight before, and my mind wasn't right, it was everywhere," he says. "You've kind of got to manipulate yourself."

One of the "mind hacks" he used to keep himself motivated during the early stages of his weight loss was to channel his desire to prove people wrong into his workouts: he describes imagining every person who ever doubted him as "sitting there on the couch" watching him exercise in his living room, which he converted into a home gym during quarantine.

Another simple tip Sean recommends that made a huge difference for him is just planning ahead and getting organized, so that you can focus without distractions: "I got my music playlist right, I got what I needed to eat, clothes, the workout, the videos I wanted to watch, my water, my post-workout meal."

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In order to make these changes to his lifestyle sustainable, Sean tried not to be too restrictive in his diet, and to find healthier alternatives to his favorite foods. "I figured out how to eat healthy and not give up on taste," he says. "I went hard at first, but now I make my own pizza with turkey pepperoni, I still have tasty low-sugar desserts that I love."

Since December 2019, Sean has lost 125 pounds. He currently weighs 265 pounds, and is continuing to pursue his goals of getting fitter. "That's what worked for me," he says, "it might not work for everybody."

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This Guy Shared the 'Mind Hacks' That Helped Him Lose 125 Pounds in 9 Months - menshealth.com

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