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The coronavirus pandemic has pushed health to the forefront of many peoples minds. And while the best way to avoid COVID-19 is not to catch the virus in the first place, were starting to understand why some people become seriously ill with the disease while others have only mild or no symptoms.

Age and frailty are the most important risk factors for severe COVID-19, but data from our COVID Symptom Study app, used by nearly four million people, has shown that diet-related conditions, such as obesity, heart disease and type 2 diabetes, are significant risk factors for ending up in hospital with the disease.

In the UK, around one in three adults are obese and many more are overweight. In the US, around two in five adults and nearly one in five children are obese. From generalised government nutritional guidelines to Instagram-worthy fad diets, theres no end of advice on how to lose weight. Clearly, it isnt working.

This is a complex problem to unpick. Factors such as sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and availability of healthy food all play a part. But on an individual level, we still understand relatively little about how each person should eat to optimise their health and weight.

In search of answers, our research team at Kings College London together with our colleagues at Massachusetts General Hospital, Stanford University and health science company ZOE launched PREDICT, the largest ongoing nutritional study of its kind in the world. Our first results have now been published in Nature Medicine.

PREDICT-1, the first phase of the PREDICT research programme, involved more than 1,000 adults (including hundreds of pairs of twins) who were continuously monitored for two weeks to discover how they respond to different foods.

Participants had an initial set-up day in hospital for detailed blood measurements and testing of responses after eating carefully designed set meals. They then carried out the rest of the study at home, following a schedule of set meals and their own free choice of foods. We measured a wide range of markers of nutritional responses and health from blood glucose, fat, insulin and inflammation levels to exercise, sleep and gut bacteria (microbiome) diversity.

This kind of detailed, ongoing analysis was made possible through the use of wearable technologies. These included continuous blood glucose monitors and digital activity trackers, which meant we could keep track of our participants blood sugar and activity levels 24/7. Simple finger-prick blood tests also allowed us to measure their blood fat levels on a regular basis.

All these measurements added up to millions of datapoints, which needed to be analysed with sophisticated machine learning techniques (a type of artificial intelligence) in order to spot patterns and make predictions.

The first thing we noticed was the wide variation in individual insulin, blood sugar and blood fat responses to the same meals, even for identical twins. For example, one twin might have healthy responses to eating carbohydrates but not fat, while the other twin is the opposite. Straight away, this tells us that we are all unique and that there is no perfect diet or correct way to eat that will work for everyone.

The observation that genetics only plays a minor role in determining how we respond to food also tells us that simple genetic tests claiming to determine the right diet for your genes are ineffective and misleading. Curiously, identical twins only shared around a third of the same gut microbe species, which may help to explain some of the variation in nutritional responses and also points towards an opportunity to improve health and weight by manipulating the microbiome.

We also discovered that the timing of meals affects nutritional responses in a personalised way. The same meal at breakfast caused a different nutritional response in some people when eaten for lunch. But in other people there was no difference, busting the myth that there are correct mealtimes that will work for all.

Another surprise was finding that the composition of meals in terms of calories, fat, carbohydrates, proteins and fibre (macronutrients or macros) also had a highly individualised effect on nutritional responses. Some people handle carbs better than fat, for example, while others have the opposite response. So prescriptive diets based on fixed calorie counts or macronutrient ratios are too simplistic and will not work for everyone.

However, despite the wide variability between participants, each persons own responses to identical meals eaten at the same times on different days were remarkably consistent. This makes it possible to predict how someone might respond to any food based on knowledge of their underlying metabolism.

Intriguingly, we found that the levels of inflammatory molecules in the blood varied by up to tenfold, even in seemingly healthy people, and that a rise in these inflammation markers was linked to having unhealthy responses to fat.

We use the term dietary inflammation to refer to these unhealthy metabolic effects that are triggered after eating. Repeatedly experiencing dietary inflammation brought on by excessive blood sugar and fat responses is linked with an increased risk of conditions such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity.

On a more positive note, our findings suggest that it might be possible to improve weight management and long-term health by eating in a more personalised way designed to avoid triggering unhealthy inflammatory responses after meals.

When it comes to weight, weve traditionally put a huge emphasis on factors we have no control over, especially genetics. The fact is, while genetics plays a role, many more important factors affect how our metabolism, weight and health. Its time to move away from overly generalised guidelines, fad diets and one-size-fits-all plans and develop more personalised, scientific approaches to nutrition that understand and work together with our bodies, not against them.

For more on personalised nutrition, download and listen to our podcast, Medicine made for you, a series by The Anthill.

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Why one-size-fits-all diets don't work new study - The Conversation UK

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Keith Roach, To Your Health Published 12:00 a.m. ET June 12, 2020

Dear Dr. Roach: My husband is a 50-year-old prediabetic who has recently experienced burning feet. He refuses to think its his high-carb diet (bread three times a day, chips, ice cream) and instead thinks he just needs some vitamins for foot pain. Could you please explain why and how what he eats affects everything hes experiencing?

Anon.

Dear Anon.: Diabetic neuropathy is a condition found in people who have had diabetes for years. It causes different symptoms in different people, but pain (often burning in character) and numbness are most common. The underlying cause is uncertain, but seems to be a combination of factors leading to nerve damage.

Prediabetes, often along with the other components of metabolic syndrome including high blood pressure, excess abdominal fat and high cholesterol or triglycerides may also bring on a neuropathy with very similar symptoms. Other causes, especially vitamin B12 deficiency, are appropriate to evaluate before determining the condition is most likely due to diabetes or prediabetes.

There are no specific treatments for the neuropathy, although there are medications to ease symptoms. Treatment of the underlying metabolic syndrome is therefore of the utmost importance, and the two most important treatments are diet and exercise. Avoiding simple carbohydrates, such as found in bread and chips, or the sugars in ice cream, is paramount. Regular exercise has an independent effect that adds to the effectiveness of the dietary changes.

Your husband is at risk, and the fact that the symptoms are recent means he should look at this as a wake-up call. Changing his lifestyle dramatically now can lead not only to improvement in symptoms (or at least they wont get worse), but it will also reduce his risk of heart attack and stroke.

There are many places to get help: His doctor, a registered dietitian nutritionist and a diabetes nurse educator all are excellent potential sources of information, but he has to make the decision to start the lifestyle change. Vitamins do not help diabetic neuropathy. If he can start making the changes, I hope he will find, as most people have, that his quality of life and sense of well-being are so much better that he will not want to stop his healthier lifestyle. Medications may be helpful, but the primary treatment is diet and exercise.

Dear Dr. Roach: My wife smoked for many years and finally quit with the help of nicotine gum that is 4 milligrams each. Since quitting almost 20 years ago, she continues to use about 12 pieces of nicotine gum per day. Does ingesting this much nicotine in this manner put her at risk for developing some type of cancer from the nicotine?

T.D.

Dear T.D.: No, nicotine is not carcinogenic, that is to say cancer-causing. In large doses, it is dangerous, but the doses she is taking are not at least, for a person used to them. Early signs of nicotine toxicity are excess salivation, nausea and vomiting.

There are many toxic substances in tobacco, some of which are cancer-causing. The tobacco does not need to be burned; chewing tobacco and snuff increase the risk of oral cancer. About half of all people who smoke will die because of smoking-related illness. Even one cigarette a day has significant long-term health risks.

Although its not ideal that she continues to use nicotine gum (and its not cheap), there is no doubt that the gum is much, much safer for her than continuing to smoke.

Readers may email questions to ToYourGoodHealth@med.cornell.edu.

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Dr. Roach: Diet, exercise are first prescription to try for prediabetes - The Detroit News

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Sweet snacks and dishes can shut down important signals which would normally tell us we have had enough to eat, scientists have found. Sensors in the mouth become dulled from sending fewer messages to produce a neurotransmitter known as dopamine, which plays a key role in the reward system.The process is thought to lead to people piling on pounds as they eat more.

Scientists at the University of Michigan found that feeding fruit flies a high-sugar diet reduced and delayed the activity of their neurons. The insects are used in health research as they share many genes with humans.

The neural circuits fruit flies use to process the taste of sugar also involve dopamine.

So the researchers bred flies with a genetic marker in the neurons, so they could observe the process.

When the neurons activated normally, the flies ate the equivalent of a single cookie even when they were offered an entire box.

But when they were fed a high-sugar diet which had inhibited the process the flies gorged themselves for hours. Dr Monica Dus, assistant professor of molecular, cellular and developmental biology, who led the study, told how the brain was prevented from receiving messages that enough food had been eaten.

She said: "On a high-sugar diet, we find that the fruit flies' dopaminergic neurons are less active, because the [sugary] intake decreases the intensity of the sweetness signal that comes from the mouth.

"Animals use this feedback from dopamine to make predictions about how rewarding or filling a food will be.

"In the high-sugar diet flies, this process was broken.

"They got less dopamine neuron activation and so ended up eating more than they needed, which over time makes them gain weight." The team also found that taking the insects off the high-sugar diet could reverse the process, restoring the dopaminergic neurons to their normal functioning level.

Dr Dus added: "We think that essentially this processing of sweetness in the dopaminergic neurons is probably used as a cue, as an alarm to tell the brain to start slowing down.

"If that process is not there any more, then you have to wait for other cues to tell you that you're full.

"By that time, you've already eaten a lot of cookies."

The findings of the research were published in the journal Nature Communications.

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Why we'll never feel full up on a sweet treat diet - Express

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Starting a new plant-based diet can be intimidating. Where do you begin? Now there is a three-hour course, taught online by The Beet's regular contributor, Elysabeth Alfano, to help answer all your pressing questions, like where do I get my protein? And what can I eat for dinner? Alfano has interviewed major vegans like Chef AJ who lost 100 pounds on a plant-based diet, and now she is ready to help you get started on your healthy eating journey.

The course,Jumpstart Your Plant-based Life, helps Zoom attendees get started on a plant-based diet.As a Food For Life Instructor with the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine and with a Certificate in Plant-based Nutrition from the T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies at Cornell,Elysabeth helps students understand the relationship between diet and chronic disease and ultimately gives them the tools to take back their health. From figuring out fiber to developing a personalized meal plan and strategy, Elysabeths 3-hour, June 20th on-line class ($46) is for beginners and flexitarians alike.

Since we have an in with this vegan thought-leader, The Beet asked Elysabeth to share her Top Ten Tips for Jumpstarting Your Plant-based Life.

Ultimately, finding your path to plant-based eating is about taking back your health and your power: your power to feel good and to be your best self. An unhealthy you is a weakened you. A healthy you can take on the worldor just go jogging. Either way, it is your right to feel good and to live a life without unneeded medication. So, we raise our glasses of sparkling Kombucha to you for having the courage to fight for your health.

For more information on Elysabeths June 20th Jumpstart Your Plant-based Life class, click here.

Excerpt from:
How to Start Eating a Plant-Based Diet, in Just Three Hours - The Beet

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However you look at it, the gamer diet really does have its fair share of problems. And while some of the stereotypes are often true, it doesnt always have to be this way.

Gamer Diet: A Closer Look

For years, gamers and video game fans have been stereotyped as lazy, uneducated and, of course, unhealthy. And while there is research that says otherwise (and the fact that there are video games nowadays that focus on giving physical exercise to players), the reality is that it can be hard to defend ourselves when its past midnight, weve been playing for five hours straight and beside us lay an empty pizza box and cans of energy drink. Its even harder to escape the stereotype given that Americas obesity rate is tipping on over 42 percent.

Truth is, the gamer diet really does have a lot of problems, but it shouldnt be like this. Gaming is a wonderful thing, and combined with keeping a healthy routine and constant exercise, it can help us alleviate stress and even allow us to be smarter.

But first, what is the gamer diet? What do you have to steer clear of?

Usually, the so-called gamer diet is filled with snacks that while they are low in calories, actually have no nutritional value whatsoever, with some of them even containing sugar, preservatives and artificial flavorings. This then, can lead to other health issues aside from obesity.

Then there are overly-processed foods such as convenience food and fast food options that often lead to a more sedentary lifestyle. The average fast food meal also clocks in at about 800 calories and when you do nothing but game all day, those calories can easily add up and contribute to weight gain as well as high blood pressure and eventually, heart conditions.

Thankfully, theres an easy way to fix this. Its by simply eating a more balanced diet and putting in the time to take gaming breaks in order to physically exercise. Trust us, gaming wont be as fun when you have a health condition that you have to take care of as well.

Expert action video gamers showed improved connectivity in certain subregions of the brain, the study found. Photo courtesy of Stefano Tinti / Shutterstock.com

Excerpt from:
Gamer Diet And Its Effects On Our Bodies - Medical Daily

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Pumpkin seeds, which can be enjoyed with or without their white shell, are a tasty and nutrient-rich food.

Research shows that they offer a number of health benefits, such as lowering blood sugar levels, improving heart health, and even reducing your risk of certain cancers (1, 2, 3).

Many people wonder whether pumpkin seeds can also help you lose weight.

This article examines whether pumpkin seeds are beneficial for weight loss, plus tips for incorporating them into your diet.

Pumpkin seeds are rich in nutrients known to support weight loss, such as fiber, protein, and unsaturated fatty acids.

One 6-month study in 345 adults on a low calorie diet examined the effects of dietary composition on weight loss. It found that fiber intake promoted dietary adherence and weight loss, independently of calories or any other nutrient (4).

Fiber helps increase feelings of fullness, preventing overeating between meals that may otherwise lead to weight gain or prevent weight loss (5).

The minimum fiber recommendations for adults to support overall health and weight maintenance are 1938 grams per day (6).

A 1/2-cup (72-gram) serving of pumpkin seeds with their shells removed provides 5 grams of fiber, while a 1/2-cup (23-gram) serving with shells provides 1.5 grams (7).

Protein is also known to play a supportive role in weight loss, helping improve appetite, prevent overeating, and promote feelings of fullness (8, 9).

A 1/2-cup (72-gram) serving of pumpkin seeds without their shell provides 21 grams of protein, and a 1/2-cup (23-gram) serving of seeds with their shells on provides 7 grams (7).

While pumpkin seeds are a nutritious, high fiber snack that can help support weight loss, its important to remember that moderation is key when it comes to your intake of any food.

Like other nuts and seeds, pumpkin seeds are energy-dense, meaning that they contain a substantial number of calories and fat in a small serving size.

For example, 1/2 cup (72 grams) of pumpkin seeds with their shells removed contains approximately 415 calories and 35 grams of fat (7).

If you were to eat 1/2 cup (23 grams) of pumpkin seeds with their shells intact, you would still be getting approximately 130 calories and 11 grams of fat (7).

When it comes down to it, just be sure that the quantity of pumpkin seeds youre eating fits into your overall calorie goals for weight loss.

While some people may be able to fit 1/2 cup (72 grams) of shelled pumpkin seeds into their diet, others may need to restrict themselves to a smaller serving size.

To minimize added calories and sodium, choose raw, unsalted pumpkin seeds, with or without their shell, to best complement a healthy weight loss diet.

Pumpkin seeds are rich in fiber, protein, and unsaturated fatty acids, which can all play a supportive role in healthy weight loss and maintenance. Choose raw, unsalted seeds to minimize your intake of added fat, calories, and sodium.

Pumpkin seeds can be enjoyed both with and without their shell. Pumpkin seeds without their shell are often called pepitas and can be identified by their smaller, green appearance.

Pumpkin seeds can be enjoyed in a number of ways, such as:

Note that pumpkin seeds contain phytic acid, which may inhibit the absorption of other vitamins and minerals.

If you regularly eat pumpkin seeds, consider roasting them or soaking and sprouting them to reduce their phytic acid content (10, 11).

Pumpkin seeds can be enjoyed raw with or without their shell and added to pasta dishes, smoothies, yogurt, and baked goods. If youre concerned about their phytic acid, roast or soak and then sprout them before eating.

Pumpkin seeds are a healthy food rich in nutrients that may support weight loss and maintenance goals, such as protein, fiber, and unsaturated fatty acids.

As with other nuts and seeds, pumpkin seeds contain a substantial amount of fat and number of calories in a small serving, making moderation important if youre on a calorie-restricted diet.

To best complement a weight loss diet, choose raw, unsalted pumpkin seeds either with or without their shells. These seeds can be added to a number of dishes or eaten on their own as a healthy snack.

Shop for raw, unsalted pepitas or in-shell pumpkin seeds online.

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Pumpkin Seeds for Weight Loss: Are They Beneficial? - Healthline

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Community members were invited to attend a virtual meeting with Corvallis Public Works staff to speak out about slimming down part of Circle Blvd. on Monday, June 8. A so-called road diet will reduce the number of vehicle lanes and add buffered bike lanes through pavement re-striping.

Though the primary project goal is resurfacing the road, a study found it is feasible to cut Circle from five lanes to three between 29th and Highland to improve safety while promoting walking and bicycling. The intersections of Highland, Kings, and 29th will remain unchanged. Traffic flow and emergency vehicle access, particularly for the fire station on Circle, were among the concerns raised in the meeting.

City Engineer Greg Gescher said the road diet study revealed higher than posted average speeds averaging 5-8 mph above the posted speed limit occurring in the corridor, along with elevated traffic volume. He said crashes were below state averages for similar roadways in the past decade. After the project is complete, public works will measure the effectiveness of the changes and how traffic reacts, including fire department response times. There is no plan to change the posted speed of 35 mph.

Well be looking at any increase in crashes, severity, and our response times, Corvallis Fire Chief Ken McCarthy said. He added that there is some uncertainty concerning how the limited travel conditions under the coronavirus pandemic will affect the post-project study.

Following staff presentations, around 30 people spoke for more than an hour on the road diet plan. Some were concerned that the plan would cause traffic congestion without improving safety for what they see as a relatively safe stretch of road, fearing a possible increase in crashes. Most of the commenters supported the plan, calling the road too wide and unsafe for pedestrians and bicyclists to cross even at intersections.

The plan for repeated changing from three lanes back to four at intersections, as one person called it a yo-yo road diet was questioned a number of times as being inconsistent and potentially hazardous. There were calls to uniformly reduce the lanes at the intersections as well. Several people said speeding on Circle is a growing danger and that a combination of confusing lane schemes and speeding drivers could be troublesome.

Daniel Lowery, owner of Corvallis Martial Arts on Circle Blvd., said hes happy with the resurfacing aspect of the project, which he feels is overdue given the condition of the road. Noting the college towns reputation for bicycle friendliness, Lowery said the lane reductions in the road diet are understandable. He is, however, concerned about the continuously tight parking on the street. He already sees issues with parking overflow.

Theyre a very bike-friendly city, so making that accommodation will probably increase the number of people on bikes, and then obviously less people on the road, Lowery said.

Also on Circle Blvd., Boys & Girls Club of Corvallis CEO Helen Higgins said the clubs busy campus already gets its share of cut-through traffic, and on any given day, close to 1,000 people could be there. Higgins believes the road diet will cause bottlenecks, tempting motorists to find shortcuts off the main road, spilling onto neighborhood streets and other areas that arent designed for heavy traffic.

I think without an alternative east-west route that can handle high volumes of traffic, the 12,400 cars a day that travel up and down Circle are going to go somewhere, Higgins said. I actually think thats going to create a more dangerous situation, because the amount of traffic probably wont reduce by much, but youre going to have frustrated drivers, and a frustrated driver is a dangerous driver.

Time and data will tell whether the road diet is helpful or not. Higgins emphasized the need for community-defined metrics and publicly available reporting to document the success or failure of the project, adding that data shows Circle is already among the safest arterial corridors in the state. She worries that if the desired outcome is not achieved, undoing the unintended consequences could be difficult or impossible.

We are highly concerned about an increased safety risk on this campus, Higgins said. And we have experience of it happening during the gas line work.

Higgins said the Corvallis City Council should weigh-in on the road diets possible effects on the community, and also suggested increased police presence and deterrents such as speed-monitoring equipment could be more effective than a lane reduction. The road diet is a city staff project that did not require a vote of the council, but has been discussed in previous meetings.

There will be an unintended consequence of pushing traffic onto any road that has a cut-through the neighborhoods are going to see those cars, Higgins said.

A start date for the resurfacing project was expected to be set in a pre-construction meeting Wednesday, June 10. Work is expected to begin in the next couple of weeks and continue during the summer with striping to follow the resurfacing.

By Cody Mann

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Not Everyone Pleased About Circle Boulevard Road Diet - The Corvallis Advocate

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Incontinence can refer to the involuntary leaking of urine (urinary incontinence, which signifies a problem with the bladder) or faeces (faecal incontinence, which points to an underlying problem in the bowels).

Both can be equally debilitating and embarrassing, but there is no reason why both urinary and faecal incontinence cant be managed. Your diet as one of many lifestyle factors is often overlooked when it comes to managing incontinence. And there is one component of your diet that may help manage both urinary and faecal incontinence.

Why your body needs fibre

Fibre, an important yet underrated part of any healthy diet, plays a key role in the way your body functions. This is the indigestible part of fruits, vegetables, grains, beans and legumes and is key in keeping your digestive system healthy.

As fibre absorbs water, it helps to keep us fuller for longer, and helps to lower cholesterol and blood glucose levels, which can help prevent conditions such as hypertension, high cholesterol, cardiovascular problems and diabetes.

Fibre and the bowels

But if fibre is meant to make your bowel movements more regular, isnt this defeating the purpose of helping to manage faecal incontinence?

Actually, quite the opposite.

When dietary fibre is not digested, it adds more bulk to the stools, which helps you stay more regular and avoid constipation, which can lead to faecal incontinence. Chronic constipation may lead to faecal incontinence, as the constant strain on the rectum can damage the surrounding nerves.

As the rectum and intestinal muscles stretch from too much straining to pass stool, they can eventually become weak, which allows the watery stool deeper in your intestines to seep through.

As fibre absorbs water, it can also bulk up faecal matter, which causes less watery stool.

Fibre and the bladder

Although we dont associate what we eat with bladder health, diet can have an effect on the severity of urinary incontinence, which is usually the symptom of an underlying cause such as nerve damage.

Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of urinary incontinence. Fibre is an important aspect of weight management and a healthy balanced diet, as it keeps us fuller for longer. Therefore, including fibre in your diet can indirectly increase your overall health and improve your weight, which is important in the management of urinary incontinence.

But the bowels and constipation can also cause urinary incontinence when bowel movements are strained, extra pressure is placed on the pelvic floor muscles, which can weaken them and affect bladder control. This is referred to as stress incontinence.

A full bladder can also cause pressure, leading to urge incontinence, which makes you feel the need to urinate frequently, or cause your bladder to leak. This is referred to as overflow incontinence.

If you are experiencing urinary incontinence, its important to discuss with your doctor whether you are also experiencing chronic constipation, as these two conditions can be linked.

How to include more fibre in your diet

If you suspect that you are not eating enough fibre, its important not to overdo it in the beginning, as too much fibre can cause unwanted side-effects such as bloating and gas. If you suffer from any food allergies or conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, you should also discuss this with your doctor or a registered dietitian to help you determine a way to eat more fibre.

Here are ways to gradually add more fibre to your diet:

According to the Simon Foundation for Continence, fibre therapy is a great way to alleviate incontinence and increase your overall health. This should, however, not be seen as a complete cure, and other treatment options and management methods under the guidance of a healthcare provider should also be considered.

READ | 5 reasons why you need to pee all the time

READ | Caregiving in the time of Covid-19: Can coronavirus spread through urine?

READ | What your bladder is trying to tell you about your health

Image credit: Nathan Cowley from Pexels

Marelize Wilke

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Why adding more fibre to your diet is a good idea - your body will thank you - Health24

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Role of exercise and diet in weight loss - Can one work without the other?  |  Photo Credit: iStock Images

New Delhi: We all know that exercise and diet play an important role in helping us lose weight and getting in shape. While a balanced diet and regular physical activity are both equally important to live a healthy, long life, when it comes to weight loss, one may have more effect on our weight, than the other. While some people rely on vigorous exercise to lose weight, others follow a strict diet. However, people who follow an exercise routine may also supplement it with a healthy diet, and for those who follow a strict diet, may also some form of physical activity in your routine.

But what happens when you do not? What happens to your body and the weight loss process, if you rely only on one of these key measures to lose weight? Let's find out.

If you are trying to lose weight, the diet maybe even more important than exercise. While exercise ensures that your muscles and body are able to use up the food you eat, it is a diet that ensures weight loss in an actual way. How many calories you consume, and the nutrients in your food determine the spare calories left unutilised at the end of the day, and the efficiency of your body functions. If you eat very high-calorie food or food that contains a lot of sugar, you are not likely to lose weight. At the same time, you also have to watch the intake of the various nutrients including fibre and protein for a healthy weight loss.

Exercise also plays an important role in weight loss. It is, in fact, extremely important to exercise if you are not on a strict diet, as exercise can help you burn the extra calories you consume. More than for weight loss, exercise is important to build strength in your body, and make your muscles and bones strong. Exercise also helps to tone your body and distribute fat equally at all places on your body.

Disclaimer: Tips and suggestions mentioned in the article are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a professional healthcare provider if you have any specific questions about any medical matter.

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Role of exercise and diet in weight loss - Can one work without the other? - Times Now

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If you fancy the body of a supermodel, weve got you covered.

Some of the worlds hottest pin-ups have lifted the lid on their lockdown workouts and diet secrets.

Swapping runway frocks for leggings, these stunning celebrities have opened up their home gyms and kitchens to fans across the globe.

From gruelling home workouts to wholesome smoothies and balanced breathing, we look at how the worlds A-list beauties are staying in sparkling shape for when the catwalks reopen without getting a hair out of place.

Kate shot to fame after appearing on the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit issue in 2011 and was the cover model for the magazine in 2012, 2013 and 2017.

The mum from Michigan, US, keeps her fabulous figure using her own 12-week workout, Strong4Me.

Created with personal trainer Ben Bruno, it focuses on low-impact exercises in 30-minute sessions, using minimal equipment. Kate, 28, is turning this time into an opportunity to better myself mentally and physically.

She easily tops the cuteness stakes exercising with daughter Genevieve, one. Lunging with her in her arms, she says: My baby girl is my favourite addition to my workout."

Vogue favourite Cindy is known for her dazzling presence on magazines the world over, as well as her runway work and fashion campaigns for the likes of Chanel, Versace, Dolce & Gabbana and Christian Dior.

Since lockdown, she has been reliving her supermodel heyday of the 1980s and 90s by posting her old workout videos on social media.

Cindy, 54, says: While were all home and trying to keep up with Facetime workouts, I figured this might be a good time to bring all of my videos out of the archives.

I still love Radus philosophy of working with what you have and pushing yourself. She is also a huge advocate of healthy eating, helping her stay a slim size eight.

In one post, the US model treats us to a glimpse of her favourite home smoothie recipe which includes almond milk, frozen bananas, spinach, mint and protein.

Naomi, 50, has been in the game since being scouted while window shopping in Covent Garden at 15.

So its no surprise the London-born model has a few tricks for staying in shape during lockdown.

She tells her YouTube followers about her supplements regime, and posts 45-minute workouts on Instagram with personal trainer Joe Holder. The daily sessions include bodyweight exercises, vibration plates and resistance bands.

Her chef Sean John recently revealed the model eats no dairy, gluten or chicken.

If you want to eat like a world-famous model, look no further than Chrissy Teigens Instagram.

The mum of two has a 25in waist and graced the cover of Sports Illustrateds famed swimsuit issue.

She has an Instagram dedicated to her food cravings. She admits exercise can suffer if youre a mum.

One post said: Worked out for 5 mins today! Proud as, according to math, 5 is more than 0."

Cara, who has spoken openly about struggles with her mental health, has turned to yoga to help her through lockdown.

London-born Cara, 27, says: Ive been using yoga to keep my body moving and my head clear during this crazy time.

Speaking to yoga expert Colin Dunsmuir, who runs the classes Cara shares online, she told him how the sessions left her calm and thoughtful but not overthinking. Cara, 5ft 8in with a 24in waist, has been working with sports brand Puma to treat her fans to the live online workouts.

And the gentle moves arent too strenuous she is seen in a cross-legged easy pose, stretching to her toes and deep breathing.

Australian Miranda rose to prominence in 2007 as one of the Victorias Secret Angels renowned across the world for their jaw-dropping bodies.

And she has been using her time in isolation to prove that self-care is key to true beauty.

Every week Miranda has engaged fans with a Wellness Wednesday making her own face masks, posting workout videos and showing off some of her favourite recipes.

She constantly encourages her viewers to get involved and reap the benefits for themselves.

Luckily, all youll need is a yoga mat and motivation, as most of the 35-minute sessions focus on body weight exercises.

For those with a sweet tooth she has also posted healthy recipes such as vegan banana oatmeal cookies, using gluten-free flour, cinnamon, bananas and chocolate chips.

Showing off her body in a sexy bikini is all in a days work for a Victorias Secret model like Brazilian Izabel.

So its no wonder she makes her workout regime as rigorous as she possibly can.

From pull-ups in doorways to handstands on walls and solo-boxing, Izabel has been making the most of the opportunities around her home.

And it seems all the hard work continues to pay off the stunning 35-year-old is 5ft 10in with an astounding 23in waist.

And Izabel is not about to let her followers off the hook either, telling them there are no excuses for not pushing yourself to train as best as you can even during a pandemic.

The supermodel has previously revealed that she works out for an hour every day, using a mixture of Pilates, kickboxing, yoga, running and full-body resistance training.

She makes it all so appealing, even her friends young daughter wants a slice of the action.

While Izabel carries her on the treadmill, they share ab exercises and hip raises. Her adorable mini-me makes this workout seem like childs play.

Read more:
Seven models lift the lid on their lockdown workouts and diet secrets - Mirror Online

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